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Zhi X, Ke H, Zhou L, Li J, Yin P, Zhang H, Zeng C, Cai D, Chen H. Rapamycin facilitates healing of the tendon-bone interface in an aging rat model of chronic rotator cuff injury. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2024; 33:2064-2072. [PMID: 38527620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2024.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tendon-bone interface (TBI) healing in chronic rotator cuff injury (CRCI) in older individuals is a common clinical challenge due to cellular senescence, as well as decreased tissue repair and regeneration. Many studies have demonstrated the antiaging, improved tissue repair, and bone regeneration properties of rapamycin (RPM) in multiple age-related diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of RPM on TBI healing after CRCI in an aging rat model. METHODS A CRCI model was established in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats (24 months old). Rats were then randomly allocated into the control, 0.1 μg RPM, and 1 μg RPM groups. At 4 and 8 weeks postreconstructive surgery, the supraspinatus tendon-humerus complexes were harvested for biomechanical, microimaging, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluations. RESULTS Biomechanical testing results demonstrated that the failure load, ultimate strength, and stiffness of the 2 RPM groups were significantly higher than those of the control group at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. Microradiographically, both RPM groups had significantly higher values of bone mineral density and the ratio of trabecular bone volume to total volume than controls at each time point. Moreover, the RPM groups had higher histological scores and showed better regenerated TBI, characterized by better organizational tissue, more fibrocartilage cells, and more bone formation. Immunohistochemical evaluations showed that RUNX2-, SOX9-, and SCX-positive cells were significantly more in the 2 RPM groups than in the controls at each time point. CONCLUSIONS RPM may effectively enhance CRCI healing after reconstruction by facilitating osteogenesis, tenogenesis, and fibrocartilage reformation at the TBI, as well as improving biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwang Zhi
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haolin Ke
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Center, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jintao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panjing Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huabin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang L, Guan C, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Hu J, Xu D, Lu H. Comparative effect of skeletal stem cells versus bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on rotator cuff tendon-bone healing. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:87-96. [PMID: 39007033 PMCID: PMC11245954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have immense potential in applications for the enhancement of tendon-bone (T-B) healing. Recently, it has been well-reported that skeletal stem cells (SSCs) could induce bone and cartilage regeneration. Therefore, SSCs represent a promising choice for cell-based therapies to improve T-B healing. In this study, we aimed to compare the therapeutic potential of SSCs and BMSCs for tendon-bone healing. Methods SSCs and BMSCs were isolated by flow cytometry, and their proliferation ability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic gene expression in cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair, and the mice were then randomly allocated to 4 groups: control group (tendon-bone interface without any treatment), hydrogel group (administration of blank hydrogel into the tendon-bone interface), hydrogel + BMSCs group (administration of hydrogel with BMSCs into the tendon-bone interface), and hydrogel + SSCs group (administration of hydrogel with SSCs into the tendon-bone interface). Histological staining, Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) scanning, biomechanical testing, and qRT-PCR were performed to assay T-B healing at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Results SSCs showed more cell proportion, exhibited stronger multiplication capacity, and expressed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic markers and lower adipogenic markers than BMSCs. In vivo assay, the SSCs group showed a better-maturated interface which was characterized by richer chondrocytes and more proteoglycan deposition, as well as more newly formed bone at the healing site and increased mechanical properties when compared to other there groups. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the healing interface in the SSCs group expressed more transcription factors essential for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis than the interfaces in the other groups. Conclusions Overall, the results demonstrated the superior therapeutic potential of SSCs over BMSCs in tendon-bone healing. The translational potential of this article This current study provides valuable insights that SSCs may be a more effective cell therapy for enhancing T-B healing compared to BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Changbiao Guan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Daqi Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
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Wang L, Wan L, Zhang T, Guan C, Hu J, Xu D, Lu H. A Combined Treatment of BMP2 and Soluble VEGFR1 for the Enhancement of Tendon-Bone Healing by Regulating Injury-Activated Skeletal Stem Cell Lineage. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:779-790. [PMID: 38357866 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231225244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is an appealing osteogenic and chondrogenic growth factor for promoting tendon-bone healing. Recently, it has been reported that soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (sVEGFR1) (a VEGF receptor antagonist) could enhance BMP2-induced bone repair and cartilage regeneration; thus, their combined application may represent a promising treatment to improve tendon-bone healing. Moreover, BMP2 could stimulate skeletal stem cell (SSC) expansion and formation, which is responsible for wounded tendon-bone interface repair. However, whether the codelivery of BMP2 and sVEGFR1 increases tendon enthesis injury-activated SSCs better than does BMP2 alone needs further research. PURPOSE To study the effect of BMP2 combined with sVEGFR1 on tendon-bone healing and injury-activated SSC lineage. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A total of 128 C57BL/6 mice that underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair were randomly assigned to 4 groups: (1) untreated control group; (2) hydrogel group, which received a local injection of the blank hydrogel at the injured site; (3) BMP2 group, which received an injection of hydrogel with BMP2; and (4) BMP2 with sVEGFR1 group, which received an injection of hydrogel with BMP2 and sVEGFR1. Histology, micro-computed tomography, and biomechanical tests were conducted to evaluate tendon-bone healing at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. In addition, flow cytometry was performed to detect the proportion of SSCs and their downstream differentiated subtypes, including bone, cartilage, and stromal progenitors; osteoprogenitors; and pro-chondrogenic progenitors within supraspinatus tendon enthesis at 1 week postoperatively. RESULTS The repaired interface in BMP2 with sVEGFR1 group showed a significantly improved collagen fiber continuity, increased fibrocartilage, greater newly formed bone, and elevated mechanical properties compared with the other 3 groups. There were more SSCs; bone, cartilage, and stromal progenitors; osteoprogenitors; and pro-chondrogenic progenitors in the BMP2 with sVEGFR1 group than that in the other groups. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the combined delivery of BMP2 and sVEGFR1 could promote tendon-bone healing and stimulate the expansion of SSCs and their downstream progeny within the injured tendon-bone interface. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Combining BMP2 with sVEGFR1 may be a good clinical treatment for wounded tendon enthesis healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyang Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changbiao Guan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. Linfeng Wang and Liyang Wan contributed equally to this study
| | - Daqi Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Ma J, Yu H, Zhang X, Xu Z, Hu H, Liu J, Ren P, Kong X, Chen J, Yang K, Wang X, He X, Luo H, Chen G. Dual-Targeted Metal Ion Network Hydrogel Scaffold for Promoting the Integrated Repair of Tendon-Bone Interfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5582-5597. [PMID: 38258503 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The tendon-bone interface has a complex gradient structure vital for stress transmission and pressure buffering during movement. However, injury to the gradient tissue, especially the tendon and cartilage components, often hinders the complete restoration of the original structure. Here, a metal ion network hydrogel scaffold, with the capability of targeting multitissue, was constructed through the photopolymerization of the LHERHLNNN peptide-modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (LZIF-8) and the WYRGRL peptide-modified magnesium metal-organic framework (WMg-MOF) within the hydrogel scaffold, which could facilitate the directional migration of metal ions to form a dynamic gradient, thereby achieving integrated regeneration of gradient tissues. LZIF-8 selectively migrated to the tendon, releasing zinc ions to enhance collagen secretion and promoting tendon repair. Simultaneously, WMg-MOF migrated to cartilage, releasing magnesium ions to induce cell differentiation and facilitating cartilage regeneration. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed successful peptide modification of nano ZIF-8 and Mg-MOF. Fluorescence imaging validated that LZIF-8/WMg-MOF had a longer retention, indirectly confirming their successful targeting of the tendon-bone interface. In summary, this dual-targeted metal ion network hydrogel scaffold has the potential to facilitate synchronized multitissue regeneration at the compromised tendon-bone interface, offering favorable prospects for its application in the integrated reconstruction characterized by the gradient structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 899 Guangqiong Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Han Yu
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoming Xu
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 899 Guangqiong Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Hanyin Hu
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 899 Guangqiong Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Jintao Liu
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 899 Guangqiong Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ren
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjia Kong
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Kun Yang
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Luo
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Clinical Translation on Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 North Huancheng Road, Jiaxing 314000, P. R. China
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Diao L, Peng Y, Wang J, Chen J, Wang G, Jia S, Zheng C. Eccentric Contraction Enhances Healing of the Bone-Tendon Interface After Rotator Cuff Repair in Mice. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:3835-3844. [PMID: 37861235 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231202901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various muscle contraction modalities have differing effects on the musculoskeletal system. To understand the magnitude of these effects, the authors investigated the effects of eccentric and concentric contractions on the bone-tendon interface after rotator cuff repair in mice. HYPOTHESIS Eccentric contraction promotes healing of the bone-tendon interface after rotator cuff repair in mice better than other muscle contraction patterns. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS The authors performed acute supraspinatus tendon repair of the right shoulder in 104 C57BL/6 mice. Animals were randomized into 4 groups postoperatively: control group (Con group), horizontal running group (Horz group), +15° uphill running group (Up group), and -15° downhill running group (Down group), with 26 animals in each group. At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, the authors removed the eyeball, collected blood samples, and extracted the supraspinatus tendon-humerus complex for histological, immunological, bone morphological, and biomechanical tests. RESULTS At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, the Down group exhibited a better collagen cell arrangement and fibrocartilage layer than the other 3 groups. At 4 weeks postoperatively, anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2 macrophages) were observed at the repair site in all groups except for the Con group. At 8 weeks postoperatively, M2 macrophages were withdrawn from the tendon site in all groups. The transforming growth factor β1 concentration in the Down group was greater than that in the other 3 groups at 4 weeks postoperatively, and it was higher than that in the Con group at 8 weeks postoperatively. The bone volume fraction, number of trabeculae, and thickness of trabeculae at the repair site in the Down group, as well as the ultimate strength and failure load in the biomechanical tests, were greater than those in the other 3 groups at 8 weeks postoperatively. CONCLUSION Eccentric contraction promotes healing of the bone-tendon interface after rotator cuff repair in mice better than other muscle contraction patterns. CLINICAL RELEVANCE After clinical rotator cuff repair, patients can be rehabilitated by eccentric training to speed up the functional recovery of the shoulder joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Diao
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yundong Peng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanglan Wang
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaohui Jia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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Zhang T, Wan L, Xiao H, Wang L, Hu J, Lu H. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cellular and molecular heterogeneity in fibrocartilaginous enthesis formation. eLife 2023; 12:e85873. [PMID: 37698466 PMCID: PMC10513478 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The attachment site of the rotator cuff (RC) is a classic fibrocartilaginous enthesis, which is the junction between bone and tendon with typical characteristics of a fibrocartilage transition zone. Enthesis development has historically been studied with lineage tracing of individual genes selected a priori, which does not allow for the determination of single-cell landscapes yielding mature cell types and tissues. Here, in together with open-source GSE182997 datasets (three samples) provided by Fang et al., we applied Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to delineate the comprehensive postnatal RC enthesis growth and the temporal atlas from as early as postnatal day 1 up to postnatal week 8. And, we furtherly performed single-cell spatial transcriptomic sequencing on postnatal day 1 mouse enthesis, in order to deconvolute bone-tendon junction (BTJ) chondrocytes onto spatial spots. In summary, we deciphered the cellular heterogeneity and the molecular dynamics during fibrocartilage differentiation. Combined with current spatial transcriptomic data, our results provide a transcriptional resource that will support future investigations of enthesis development at the mechanistic level and may shed light on the strategies for enhanced RC healing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Liyang Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Linfeng Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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Zou J, Yang W, Cui W, Li C, Ma C, Ji X, Hong J, Qu Z, Chen J, Liu A, Wu H. Therapeutic potential and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as bioactive materials in tendon-bone healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:14. [PMID: 36642728 PMCID: PMC9841717 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon-bone insertion (TBI) injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament injury and rotator cuff injury, are the most common soft tissue injuries. In most situations, surgical tendon/ligament reconstruction is necessary for treating such injuries. However, a significant number of cases failed because healing of the enthesis occurs through scar tissue formation rather than the regeneration of transitional tissue. In recent years, the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been well documented in animal and clinical studies, such as chronic paraplegia, non-ischemic heart failure, and osteoarthritis of the knee. MSCs are multipotent stem cells, which have self-renewability and the ability to differentiate into a wide variety of cells such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes. Numerous studies have suggested that MSCs could promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, reduce inflammation, and produce a large number of bioactive molecules involved in the repair. These effects are likely mediated by the paracrine mechanisms of MSCs, particularly through the release of exosomes. Exosomes, nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a lipid bilayer and a membrane structure, are naturally released by various cell types. They play an essential role in intercellular communication by transferring bioactive lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, such as mRNAs and miRNAs, between cells to influence the physiological and pathological processes of recipient cells. Exosomes have been shown to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Herein, we discuss the prospective applications of MSC-derived exosomes in TBI injuries. We also review the roles of MSC-EVs and the underlying mechanisms of their effects on promoting tendon-bone healing. At last, we discuss the present challenges and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Weinan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wushi Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Congsun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiao Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People's Republic of China.
| | - An Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haobo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Luo W, Wang Y, Han Q, Wang Z, Jiao J, Gong X, Liu Y, Zhang A, Zhang H, Chen H, Wang J, Wu M. Advanced strategies for constructing interfacial tissues of bone and tendon/ligament. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221144714. [PMID: 36582940 PMCID: PMC9793068 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221144714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enthesis, the interfacial tissue between a tendon/ligament and bone, exhibits a complex histological transition from soft to hard tissue, which significantly complicates its repair and regeneration after injury. Because traditional surgical treatments for enthesis injury are not satisfactory, tissue engineering has emerged as a strategy for improving treatment success. Rapid advances in enthesis tissue engineering have led to the development of several strategies for promoting enthesis tissue regeneration, including biological scaffolds, cells, growth factors, and biophysical modulation. In this review, we discuss recent advances in enthesis tissue engineering, particularly the use of biological scaffolds, as well as perspectives on the future directions in enthesis tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin
Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuqiang Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minfei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Minfei Wu, Department of Orthopedics, The
Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Sreet, Changchun 130041, China.
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9
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An Arthroscopy-Assisted Mini-Invasive Technique to Create a Chronic Rabbit Model With Massive and Retracted Supraspinatus Rotator Cuff Tears. Arthrosc Tech 2022; 11:e999-e1005. [PMID: 35782852 PMCID: PMC9244463 DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pathophysiology of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) in animal models is of great importance, as it helps in the development of repair strategies and therapeutic treatments for rotator cuff diseases in humans. This Technical Note describes a comprehensive step-by-step description of an arthroscopic-assisted minimally invasive RCT model in rabbits. This technique is beneficial because the rabbit has rotator cuffs anatomically similar to those of humans, and it has been widely used as a preclinical animal model in the basic science literature. Compared with other small animals (e.g., mice and rats), the advantage of the rabbit model is that it can test the effectiveness and healing process of new surgical repair techniques that require relatively larger anatomical structures. Moreover, it is more cost-effective compared with larger animal models, such as sheep and canines. This arthroscopic-assisted mini-invasive technique to create an RCT model may have a better effect on simulating the degenerative and chronic RCT state in humans than the commonly used open surgery, along with an earlier return to activities, less scarring and tissue adhesion, fewer injuries to the deltoid, and fewer complications.
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10
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Peng Y, Li X, Wu W, Ma H, Wang G, Jia S, Zheng C. Effect of Mechanical Stimulation Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma on Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Murine Model. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:1358-1368. [PMID: 35188809 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211073339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical stimulation and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been shown to be beneficial for healing of the bone-tendon interface (BTI), but few studies have explored the efficacy of a combination of these applications. We investigated the effect of mechanical stimulation combined with PRP on rotator cuff repair in mice. HYPOTHESIS Mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can enhance BTI healing in a murine model of rotator cuff repair. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A total of 160 C57BL/6 mice were used. Overall, 40 mice were used to prepare PRP, while 120 mice underwent acute supraspinatus tendon (SST) repair. The animals were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, mechanical stimulation group, PRP group, and mechanical stimulation combined with PRP group (combination group). At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, the eyeballs were removed to collect blood, and the SST-humeral complexes were collected. Histological, biomechanical, immunological, and bone morphometric tests were performed. RESULTS Histologically, at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, the area of the fibrocartilage layer at the BTI in the combination group was larger than in the other groups. The content and distribution of proteoglycans in this layer in the combination group were significantly greater than in the other groups. At 8 weeks postoperatively, trabecular number, and trabecular bone thickness of the subchondral bone area of interest at the BTI of the combination group were greater than those of the other groups, bone volume fraction of the combination group was greater than the control group. On biomechanical testing at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, the failure load and ultimate strength of the SST-humeral complex in the combination group were higher than in the other groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that, at 4 weeks postoperatively, the serum concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the combination group were significantly higher than in the other groups; at 8 weeks, the PDGF-AB concentration in the combination group was higher than in the control and mechanical stimulation groups. CONCLUSION Mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can effectively promote the early stage of healing after a rotator cuff injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings imply that mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for rotator cuff healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Peng
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.,Medical College, Huainan Union University, Huainan, China
| | - Wenxia Wu
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Jinci College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haozhe Ma
- College of International Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanglan Wang
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaohui Jia
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Peng Y, Wu W, Li X, Shangguan H, Diao L, Ma H, Wang G, Jia S, Zheng C. Effects of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma and leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma on the healing of bone-tendon interface of rotator cuff in a mice model. Platelets 2022; 33:1075-1082. [PMID: 35257633 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2044462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used clinically to treat tendon injuries, and often contains leukocytes. However, the debate regarding the concentration of leukocytes in PRP is still ongoing. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) and leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) on the healing of the bone-tendon interface (BTI) of the rotator cuff. A total of 102 C57BL/6 mice were used. Thirty mice were used to prepare the PRP, while 72 underwent acute supraspinatus tendon injury repair. The animals were then randomly assigned to three groups: LR-PRP, LP-PRP and control groups. The mice were euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, and histological, immunological and biomechanical analyses were performed. The histological results showed that the fusion effect at the bone-tendon interface at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery was greater in the PRP groups and significantly increased at 4 weeks; however, at 8 weeks, the area of the fibrocartilage layer in the LP-PRP group increased significantly. M2 macrophages were observed at the repaired insertion for all the groups at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks, M2 macrophages withdrew back to the tendon in the control group, but some M2 macrophages were retained at the repaired site in the LR-PRP and LP-PRP groups. Enzyme-linked immunoassay results showed that the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the LR-PRP group were significantly higher than those in the other groups at 4 and 8 weeks, while the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the LP-PRP group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The biomechanical properties of the BTI were significantly improved in the PRP group. Significantly higher failure load and ultimate strength were seen in the LR-PRP and LP-PRP groups than in the control group at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. Thus, LR-RPR can effectively enhance the early stage of bone-tendon interface healing after rotator cuff repair, and LP-PRP could enhance the later stages of healing after rotator cuff injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Peng
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxia Wu
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Jinci College of Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.,Medical College, Huainan Union University, Anhui, China
| | - Hengyi Shangguan
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luyu Diao
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haozhe Ma
- College of International Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanglan Wang
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaohui Jia
- College of Health Science, Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Exercise and Health Promotion, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Yan K, Gao H, Liu X, Zhao Z, Gao B, Zhang L. Establishment and identification of an animal model of long-term exercise-induced fatigue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915937. [PMID: 36093084 PMCID: PMC9459130 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In competitive sports, the training load is close to the human physiological limit, which will inevitably lead to exercise-induced fatigue. If fatigue cannot be recovered in time, it will eventually lead to excessive training and affect sport performance. Therefore, fatigue has become an important part of the physical function assessment for athletes. This paper will review animal models of long-term exercise-induced fatigue, modeling schemes of mice under treadmill and swimming training, phenotypes of long-term exercise-induced fatigue (e.g., nervous system damage, myocardial cell damage, bone mineral density changes, and skeletal muscle damage), and fatigue indicators. The relationship between physiological indicators and biomarkers and long-term exercise-induced fatigue is analyzed to promote exercise-induced fatigue monitoring. This paper attempts to provide a reference for the selection of animal models of long-term exercise-induced fatigue and provide a new theoretical basis for medical supervision and recovery of exercise-induced fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyang Gao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Zhao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lingli Zhang, ; Bo Gao,
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lingli Zhang, ; Bo Gao,
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