|
1
|
Main BJ, Maffulli N, Valk JA, Rodriguez HC, Gupta M, El-Amin SF, Gupta A. Umbilical Cord-Derived Wharton's Jelly for Regenerative Medicine Applications: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111090. [PMID: 34832872 PMCID: PMC8618385 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal ailments affect millions of people around the world and place a high burden on healthcare. Traditional treatment modalities are limited and do not address underlying pathologies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as an exciting therapeutic alternative and Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJSCs) are some of these. This review reports the clinical and functional outcomes of the applications of WJSCs in orthopedic surgery. A systematic review was conducted utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The studies that used culture-expanded, mesenchymal stem or stromal cells, MSCs and/or connective tissues procured from Wharton’s jelly (WJ), from January 2010 to October 2021, were included. Conventional non-operative therapies and placebos were used as comparisons. Six studies that directly discussed WJSCs use in an animal model or the basic scientific testing using an injury model were identified. Five publications studied cartilage injury, three studied degenerative disc disease, one was related to osteoarthritis, and one was related to osteochondral defects. The results of these studies suggested the benefits of WJSCs in the management of these orthopedic pathologies. To adequately assess the safety and efficacy of WJSCs in orthopedic surgery, further randomized controlled clinical studies are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Main
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Hospital Farmington Hills, Farmington Hills, MI 48336, USA; (B.J.M.); (J.A.V.)
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Josiah A. Valk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Hospital Farmington Hills, Farmington Hills, MI 48336, USA; (B.J.M.); (J.A.V.)
| | | | - Manu Gupta
- Polar Aesthetics Dental & Cosmetic Centre, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Saadiq F. El-Amin
- El-Amin Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Institute, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA;
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
| | - Ashim Gupta
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|