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Castellani M, Felaco P, Pandolfp F, Salini V, De Amicis D, Vecchiet J, Tetè S, Ciampoli C, Conti F, Cerulli G, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Cuccurullo C, Perrella A, Theoharides T, De Lutiis M, Kempuraj D, Shaik Y. Inflammatory Compounds: Neuropeptide Substance Pand Cytokines. EUR J INFLAMM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0900700202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases represent one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and they affect the functions of several tissues. The pathophysiology of these diseases involves release of many pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines/chemokines, histamine, C3a, C5a (complement components), bradykinin, leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4), PAF, and substance P, in addition to anti-inflammatory molecules. Recently, it has been demonstrated that neuroimmune interactions are important in the initiation and progress of inflammatory processes. Substance P is an 11-amino acid neuropeptide that is released from nerve endings in many tissues. It acts via membrane-bound NK1 receptors (NK1R). Inflammatory and neuropeptides such as substance P stimulate the release of chemokines, in particular IL-8, a potent neutrophil chemoattractant. Expression of IL-8 is regulated mainly by the transcription factors NF-kappaB, activating protein-1. Substance P plays an important role in immunological and inflammatory states, and it is a mediator of tissue injury, asthma, arthritis, allergy and autoimmune diseases. In this article, our studies revisited the interrelationship between these two powerful inflammatory compounds: substance P and cytokines. These observations suggest that these inflammatory molecules may represent a potential therapeutic target to treat several inflammatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.L. Castellani
- Immunology Division, Medical School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - P. Felaco
- Division of Nephrology, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - F. Pandolfp
- Immunology Division, Medical School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - V. Salini
- Department of Human Dynamic, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - D. De Amicis
- Department of Human Dynamic, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - J. Vecchiet
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - S. Tetè
- Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - C. Ciampoli
- Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - F. Conti
- Gynecology Division, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - G. Cerulli
- Orthopeadic Division, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Caraffa
- Orthopeadic Division, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - P. Antinolfi
- Orthopeadic Division, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Cuccurullo
- Division of Medical Pathology, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - A. Perrella
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - T.C. Theoharides
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biochemistry and Internal Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M.A. De Lutiis
- Department of Biology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - D. Kempuraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biochemistry and Internal Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y.B. Shaik
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Çelik G, Erkekol F, Aydın Ö, Demirel Y, Mısırlıgil Z. Are drug provocation tests still necessary to test the safety of COX-2 inhibitors in patients with cross-reactive NSAID hypersensitivity? Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2013; 41:181-8. [PMID: 23031659 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COX-2 inhibitors are safe alternatives in patients with cross-reactive non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity. These drugs are recommended to these patients after negative drug provocation tests (DPTs). However, cumulative data on encouraging results about the safety of COX-2 inhibitors in the majority of these patients bring the idea as to whether a DPT is always mandatory for introducing these drugs in all patients with cross-reactive NSAID hypersensitivity. OBJECTIVE To document the safety of COX-2 inhibitors currently available and to check whether or not any factor predicts a positive response. METHODS This study included the retrospective analysis of cases with cross-reactive NSAID hypersensitivity who underwent DPTs with COX-2 inhibitors in order to find safe alternatives. DPTs were single-blinded and placebo controlled. RESULTS The study group consisted of 309 patients. COX-2 inhibitors were well tolerated in the majority of the patients [nimesulide: 91.9%; meloxicam: 90.2%; rofecoxib: 94.9%; and celecoxib: 94.9%)]. Twenty-five patients (30 provocations) reacted to COX-2 inhibitors. None of the factors were found be associated with positive response. CONCLUSION Our results suggest to follow the traditional DPT method to introduce COX-2 inhibitors for finding safe alternatives in all patients with cross-reactive NSAID hypersensitivity before prescription as uncertainty of any predictive factor for a positive response continues. However, these tests should be performed in hospital settings in which emergency equipment and experienced personnel are available.
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Moneret-Vautrin DA, Codreanu F, Drouet M, Plaud B, Karila C, Valfrey J, Debaene B, Malinovsky JM, Mertes JM. [Allergologic screening and management of patients with previous self-reported hypersensitivity reactions. Société française d'anesthésie et réanimation. Société française d'allergologie]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 30:246-63. [PMID: 21397445 DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D-A Moneret-Vautrin
- Service de médecine interne, immunologie clinique et allergologie, hôpital central, avenue du Maréchal de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, Nancy cedex, France.
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Castellani ML, Conti CM, Kempuraj DJ, Salini V, Vecchiet J, Tete S, Ciampoli C, Conti F, Cerulli G, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Galzio R, Shaik Y, Theoharides TC, De Amicis D, Perrella A, Cuccurullo C, Boscolo P, Felaco M, Doyle R, Verrocchio C, Fulcheri M. Autism and immunity: revisited study. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2009; 22:15-9. [PMID: 19309548 DOI: 10.1177/039463200902200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is of interest neurochemically because it represents a relatively homogeneous disorder with regard to disease development, abnormal cognitive development and intellectual development disturbance. A consistent finding in autistic children is a high number of mast cells and a high level of serotonin which is also found at elevated concentrations in the urine of autistic patients. In addition, a dysfunction of clinical conditions, such as gastrointestinal and immunological symptoms, is frequently noted in autistic children, however, IgE does not appear to be prevalent in these children but probably an increase of cytokines/chemokines produced by mast cells at an early age may play an important role. Therefore an immune hypothesis, involving also autoimmunity, is one possible pathogenetic mechanism in autism. In conclusion, mast cell activation could contribute to immune and neuroinflammatory abnormalities that are evident in patients with autism spectrum disorders.
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