Aerosol antibiotic therapy in children with chronic upper airway infections: a potential alternative to surgery

[Systemic and local antibiotic therapy for acute sinusitis]

The purpose of the study was to summarize data on modern antibiotic therapy for acute sinusitis, the role and place of topical antibacterial drugs, in particular Fluimucil-Antibiotic, in modern treatment strategies for this disease.

METHODS

Search in the PUBMED electronic database (articles and related abstracts) for the keywords «acute sinusitis", «antibiotics», «thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteine» «biofilm», «respiratory tract infection», «N-acetylcysteine».

RESULTS

The published research results indicate the high antibacterial activity of the Fluimucil-Antibiotic, in particular, for the topical drug use in the form of inhalations, applications, irrigation, and instillations. The published research results indicate a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action of Fluimucil-Antibiotic, its ability to destroy biofilms and prevent their formation, good pharmacokinetics, safety, which makes it possible to consider it as a potential treatment option for acute sinusitis in everyday practice.

Role of biofilm in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections

Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) are very common in children and a major challenge for pediatricians. In the last few years, bacterial biofilms have been linked to RRTIs and antibiotic resistance, and have raised serious concerns regarding the therapeutic management of recurrent middle ear diseases, chronic rhinosinusitis, and recurrent pharyngotonsillitis. This paper aims to review the new insights into biofilm-related upper respiratory tract infections in children and possible therapeutic strategies. It focuses on the clinical implications for recurrent disease and on studies in pediatric patients. Analysis of the literature showed that the involvement of bacterial biofilm in recurrent upper airway tract infections is an emerging problem that may lead to serious concerns about infection control. Despite the large amount of research within this field, detailed insight into the complex structure of bacterial biofilms and the ultrastructural and biochemical mechanisms responsible for its evasion of the immune system and resistance to treatments is currently lacking. In the future, additional emphasis should be placed on biofilm management as a component of therapeutic strategies. This goal can be attained by finding feasible methods for detecting biofilms in vivo and identifying effective methods for administering treatments that eradicate preexisting bacterial biofilms or hinder bacterial adhesion to respiratory cells.