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Peñaloza-Sancho V, Pérez-Valenzuela C, Gonzalez C, Jujihara G, Bustos P, Dagnino-Subiabre A. Cannabinoid receptor type 1 modulates the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on memory of stressed rats. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 24:583-600. [PMID: 31637966 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1659561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Memory and GABAergic activity in the hippocampus of stressed rats improve after n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation. On the other hand, cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) strongly regulates inhibitory neurotransmission in the hippocampus. Speculation about a possible relation between stress, endocannabinoids, and PUFAs. Here, we examined whether the effects of PUFAs on memory of chronically stressed rats depends on pharmacological manipulation of CB1 receptors. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally supplemented with n-3 (fish oil) or n-6 (primrose oil) PUFAs during chronic restraint stress (CRS) protocol (6 h/day; 21 days). First, we studied if the expression of CB1 receptors in the hippocampus may be affected by CRS and PUFAs supplementation by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. CRS up-regulated the CB1 expression compared with the non-stressed rats, while only n-3 PUFAs countered this effect. Memory was evaluated in the Morris water maze. Stressed rats were co-treated with PUFAs and/or modulators of CB1 receptor (AM251, antagonist, 0.3 mg/kg/day; WIN55,212-2, agonist, 0.5 mg/kg/day) by intraperitoneal injections. Memory improved in the stressed rats that were treated with AM251 and/or n-3 PUFAs. Supplementation with n-6 PUFAs did not affect memory of stressed rats, but co-treatment with AM251 improved it, while co-treatment with WIN55,212-2 did not affect memory. Our results demonstrate that activity of the CB1 receptors may modulate the effects of PUFAs on memory of stressed rats. This study suggests that endocannabinoids and PUFAs can both become a singular system by being self-regulated in limbic areas, so they control the effects of stress on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentín Peñaloza-Sancho
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Institute of Physiology, Center for Neurobiology and Integrative Pathophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Catherine Pérez-Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Institute of Physiology, Center for Neurobiology and Integrative Pathophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Celindo Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Institute of Physiology, Center for Neurobiology and Integrative Pathophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - German Jujihara
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Institute of Physiology, Center for Neurobiology and Integrative Pathophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paulina Bustos
- PhD Program in Aquaculture, School of Marine Sciences, Pontifica Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre
- Laboratory of Stress Neurobiology, Institute of Physiology, Center for Neurobiology and Integrative Pathophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Pateiro M, Munekata PES, Domínguez R, Wang M, Barba FJ, Bermúdez R, Lorenzo JM. Nutritional Profiling and the Value of Processing By-Products from Gilthead Sea Bream ( Sparus aurata). Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E101. [PMID: 32033070 PMCID: PMC7073831 DOI: 10.3390/md18020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish processing industries generate a large volume of discards. In order to fulfil with the principles of a sustainable circular economy, it is necessary to maintain aquaculture by-products in the food chain through the production of high-value biomolecules that can be used as novel ingredients. In this study, we try to give value to the gilthead sea bream by-products, evaluating the composition and the nutritional value of the muscle and six discards commonly obtained from the fish processing industry (fishbone, gills, guts, heads, liver, and skin), which represent ≈ 61% of the whole fish. Significant differences were detected among muscle and by-products for fatty acid and amino acid profile, as well as mineral content. The discards studied were rich in protein (10%-25%), showing skin and fishbone to have the highest contents. The amino acid profile reflected the high quality of its protein, with 41%-49% being essential amino acids-lysine, leucine, and arginine were the most abundant amino acids. Guts, liver, and skin were the fattiest by-products (25%-35%). High contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (31%-34%), n-3 fatty acids (12%-14%), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (6%-8%) characterized these discards. The head displayed by far the highest ash content (9.14%), which was reflected in the mineral content, especially in calcium and phosphorous. These results revealed that gilthead sea bream by-products can be used as source of value-added products such as protein, oils, and mineral supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.); (R.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Paulo E. S. Munekata
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.); (R.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Rubén Domínguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.); (R.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Min Wang
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; (M.W.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; (M.W.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Roberto Bermúdez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.); (R.D.); (R.B.)
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.); (R.D.); (R.B.)
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Mirmiran P, Esfandyari S, Moghadam SK, Bahadoran Z, Azizi F. Fatty acid quality and quantity of diet and risk of type 2 diabetes in adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:655-659. [PMID: 29853261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Studies suggest that fatty acid intake may be an important determinant of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to prospectively examine the association between fatty acid quantity and quality with risk of T2DM in adults. METHODS In this community-based prospective sample, 2139 adults, free of T2DM, aged 20-70y-old were followed for a median of 5.8 y. Diet information was collected with the use of a validated questionnaire at baseline. Cox regression and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, diabetes risk score (DRS), and dietary intakes of energy, fiber and magnesium, were used to evaluate the association of fatty acid intakes with incident T2DM. RESULTS During follow-up, we identified 143 incident T2D cases. In multivariable analyses, when extreme quintiles were compared, cholesterol (HR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.20-0.82; P-trend, 0.02), monounsaturated fatty acids (HR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13-0.70; P-trend, 0.02), polyunsaturated fatty acids (HR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.24-0.93 P-trend = 0.04) and ω-3 fatty acids (HR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31-0.88; P-trend = 0.02) were associated with T2DM. The ratio of ω-6 to total ω-3 intake was associated with a higher risk of T2D (HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.05-2.86; P-trend, 0.04). We also found positive associations between the ratios of total fat to ω-3 (HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.02-2.46; P-trend = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that diets with high cholesterol, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and ω-3 fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of T2DM. Also the ratios of ω-6/ω-3 and total fat/ω-3 were positively associated with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Esfandyari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Khalili Moghadam
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Different Dietary Proportions of Fish Oil Regulate Inflammatory Factors but Do Not Change Intestinal Tight Junction ZO-1 Expression in Ethanol-Fed Rats. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5801768. [PMID: 29386752 PMCID: PMC5745723 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5801768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty male Wistar rats were fed a control or an ethanol-containing diet in groups C or E. The fat compositions were adjusted with 25% or 57% fish oil substituted for olive oil in groups CF25, CF57, EF25, and EF57. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels, cytochrome P450 2E1 protein expression, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels, as well as intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 levels were significantly elevated, whereas plasma adiponectin level was significantly reduced in group E (p < 0.05). Hepatic histopathological scores of fatty change and inflammation, in group E were significantly higher than those of group C (p < 0.05). Hepatic TBARS, plasma ICAM-1, and hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 levels were significantly lower, and plasma adiponectin levels were significantly higher in groups EF25 and EF57 than those in group E (p < 0.05). The immunoreactive area of the intestinal tight junction protein, ZO-1, showed no change between groups C and E. Only group CF57 displayed a significantly higher ZO-1 immunoreactive area compared to group C (p = 0.0415). 25% or 57% fish oil substituted for dietary olive oil could prevent ethanol-induced liver damage in rats, but the mechanism might not be related to intestinal tight junction ZO-1 expression.
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Ketsa OV, Shmarakov IO, Marchenko MM. Lipid peroxidation in cardiac mitochondrial fraction of rats exposed to different supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750816030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ketsa OV, Shmarakov IO, Marchenko MM. [Lipid peroxidation in cardiac mitochondrial fraction of rats exposed to different supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2016; 62:50-5. [PMID: 26973187 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20166201050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of diet supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) used at different ratios of w-6/w-3 was studied on the content of primary (diene conjugates, DC; triene conjugates, TC), secondary (ketodienes, CD; coupled trienes, CT; TBA-active products) and terminal (Schiff bases) lipid peroxidation products (LPO) and generation of superoxide anion-radical in rat heart mitochondrial fraction. It was shown that diet supplementation with high doses of w-6 or w-3 PUFAs increased the content of primary, secondary and terminal LPO in rat heart mitochondrial fraction. Llipid peroxidation was accompanied by the intensification of superoxide anion-radical generation in rat heart mitochondrial fraction. During diet consumption with the PUFAs leading factor affecting the intensity of lipoperoxidation in rat heart mitochondria is fatty acid composition, rather than the level of their saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Ketsa
- Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - I O Shmarakov
- Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - M M Marchenko
- Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
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Marí-Bauset S, Llopis-González A, Zazpe I, Marí-Sanchis A, Suárez-Varela MM. Fat intake in children with autism spectrum disorder in the Mediterranean region (Valencia, Spain). Nutr Neurosci 2015; 19:377-386. [DOI: 10.1179/1476830515y.0000000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Marí-Bauset
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Llopis-González
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Public Health Research (CSISP), Valencia, Spain
| | - Itziar Zazpe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarre, Navarre, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network on Obesity and Nutrition, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amelia Marí-Sanchis
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Navarra Hospital Complex, Navarre, Spain
| | - María Morales Suárez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Public Health Research (CSISP), Valencia, Spain
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Bly MJ, Taylor SF, Dalack G, Pop-Busui R, Burghardt KJ, Evans SJ, McInnis MI, Grove TB, Brook RD, Zöllner SK, Ellingrod VL. Metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: dietary and lifestyle factors compared to the general population. Bipolar Disord 2014; 16:277-88. [PMID: 24330321 PMCID: PMC4023536 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since a poor diet is often cited as a contributor to metabolic syndrome for subjects diagnosed with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, we sought to examine dietary intake, cigarette smoking, and physical activity in these populations and compare them with those for the general population. METHODS Individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (n = 116) and schizophrenia (n = 143) were assessed for dietary intake, lifestyle habits, and metabolic syndrome and compared to age-, gender-, and race-matched subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000. Additionally, matched subgroups within the patient populations were compared to elicit any differences. RESULTS As expected, the metabolic syndrome rate was higher in the samples with bipolar disorder (33%) and schizophrenia (47%) compared to matched NHANES controls (17% and 11%, respectively), and not different between the patient groups. Surprisingly, both subjects with bipolar disorder and those with schizophrenia consumed fewer total calories, carbohydrates and fats, as well as more fiber (p < 0.03), compared to NHANES controls. No dietary or activity differences between patient participants with and without metabolic syndrome were found. Subjects with schizophrenia had significantly lower total and low-density cholesterol levels (p < 0.0001) compared to NHANES controls. Subjects with bipolar disorder smoked less (p = 0.001), exercised more (p = 0.004), and had lower body mass indexes (p = 0.009) compared to subjects with schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Counter to predictions, few dietary differences could be discerned between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and NHANES control groups. The subjects with bipolar disorder exhibited healthier behaviors than the patients with schizophrenia. Additional research regarding metabolic syndrome mechanisms, focusing on non-dietary contributions, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Bly
- University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Social and Administrative Sciences, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Stephan F. Taylor
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gregory Dalack
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rodica Pop-Busui
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Suite 5100, Brehm Tower 1000 Wall Street, 5th floor SPC 5714 Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48105, USA
| | - Kyle J. Burghardt
- University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Social and Administrative Sciences, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Simon J. Evans
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Melvin I. McInnis
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tyler B. Grove
- University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Social and Administrative Sciences, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
,University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert D. Brook
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sebastian K. Zöllner
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
,University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 1415 Washington Heights, 1700 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Vicki L. Ellingrod
- University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Social and Administrative Sciences, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
,University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Muzembo BA, Narongpon D, Ngatu NR, Eitoku M, Hirota R, Suganuma N. Assessment of lifestyle effect on oxidative stress biomarkers in free-living elderly in rural Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011; 12:547-54. [PMID: 22212822 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2011.00793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is believed to play a crucial role in aging and age-related diseases, and is widely thought to increase morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Assessment of biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as 8-isoprostane and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, are considered to be useful in predicting disease risks at the population level. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess the health status of the elderly by comparing their lifestyles and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional study where urine samples from a total of 100 elderly men and women were assayed for 8-isoprostane, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, selenium, cadmium and creatinine. They were asked to answer a questionnaire that included questions about their lifestyle. RESULTS Most of the participants were prehypertensive, non-alcohol users and on a rich plant-based diet. There were no differences in any biomarkers of oxidative stress between men and women. 8-Isoprostane was found to correlate positively with systolic blood pressure in women, but not in men. There was a slight increase of 8-isoprostane in participants with a poor intake of vegetables, and a decrease of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in participants who consumed fish. Multiple regression analysis showed that oxidative stress biomarkers were positively associated with cadmium, and negatively associated with selenium and fish intake in all participants, 89% of which were non-smokers. CONCLUSION Results from the present study show that fish intake has the potential of decreasing oxidative stress among elderly persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basilua Andre Muzembo
- Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.
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Türkez H, Geyikoglu F, Yousef MI. Ameliorative effect of docosahexaenoic acid on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced histological changes, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in rat liver. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:687-96. [PMID: 21996711 DOI: 10.1177/0748233711420475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that leads to the development of hepatotoxicity. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been proposed to counteract oxidative stress and improve antioxidant status, and several studies suggest that supplementations with antioxidants can influence hepatotoxicity. The aim of the current study was to explore the role of DHA in modulating the toxicity of TCDD in the liver of Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were assigned to four groups (n = 5): control (only dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)), 8 μg/kg body weight (b.w.) TCDD in DMSO solution; 250 mg/kg b.w. DHA and TCDD plus DHA; respectively. Rats were intraperitoneally administered their respective doses daily for 21 days. On day 21, the animals were killed, and then biochemical tests, pathological examination, and micronucleus (MN) assay were performed in the liver. Our results showed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased and serious pathological findings were established in rats that received TCDD. Beside the rate of MNs in hepatocytes was increased after the treatment with dioxin. In rats treated with DHA alone, MNs were not changed and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased. The presence of DHA with TCDD alleviated its pathological effects in hepatic tissue. DHA also prevented the suppression of antioxidant enzymes in the livers of animals exposed to TCDD and displayed a strong protective effect against MNs. It can be concluded that DHA has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize TCDD toxicity in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Türkez
- Department of Biology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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He S, Franco C, Zhang W. Characterisation of processing wastes of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) and Yellowtail Kingfish (Seriola lalandi) harvested in Australia. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hardin-Fanning F, Boissonneault GA, Lennie TA. Polyunsaturated fatty acids. Immunomodulators in older adults. J Gerontol Nurs 2011; 37:20-8. [PMID: 21323237 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20110201-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The immune system tends to become less efficient as people age, and nutrition plays a significant role in older adults' immune responses. In particular, dietary fatty acids are precursors to important immune system components. Certain fatty acids, predominantly those that are polyunsaturated, also tend to decrease the risk of certain neurological diseases in older adults. This article describes the impact of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on older adults' immune system and discusses the roles of age and immune status with regard to PUFA supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Hardin-Fanning
- Heart Program, College of Nursing, University of Kentucky College of Nursing, Lexington, KY40536, USA.
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