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Vasileva B, Krasteva N, Hristova-Panusheva K, Ivanov P, Miloshev G, Pavlov A, Georgiev V, Georgieva M. Exploring the Biosafety Potential of Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. In Vitro Culture Total Ethanol Extract: A Comprehensive Assessment of Genotoxicity, Mitotoxicity, and Cytotoxicity for Therapeutic Applications. Cells 2024; 13:1118. [PMID: 38994970 PMCID: PMC11240332 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating elderly population worldwide has prompted a surge of interest in longevity medicine. Its goal is to interfere with the speed of ageing by slowing it down or even reversing its accompanying effects. As a field, it is rapidly growing and spreading into different branches. One of these is the use of nutraceuticals as anti-ageing drugs. This field is gaining massive popularity nowadays, as people are shifting towards a more natural approach to life and seeking to use natural products as a source of medicine. The present article focuses on the cellular effect of Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. in vitro culture total ethanol extract (HRT), produced by a sustainable biotechnological approach. The extract showed a similar phytochemical profile to plant leaf extract and was rich in primary bioactive ingredients-caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides, myconoside, and paucifloside. This study examined the biosafety potential, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mitochondrial activity of the extract using in vitro cultures. The results showed high cell survival rates and minimal cytotoxic effects on Lep3 cells, with no induction of reactive oxygen species nor genotoxicity. Additionally, the extract positively influenced mitochondrial activity, indicating potential benefits for cellular health. The results are promising and show the beneficial effect of HRT without the observation of any adverse effects, which sets the foundation for its further testing and potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bela Vasileva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Epigenetics and Longevity, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Penyo Ivanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Epigenetics and Longevity, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - George Miloshev
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Epigenetics and Longevity, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Atanas Pavlov
- Laboratory of Cell Biosystems, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Vasil Georgiev
- Laboratory of Cell Biosystems, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Epigenetics and Longevity, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Akram Z, Mahjabeen I, Batool M, Kanwal S, Nawaz F, Kayani MA, Rizwan M. Expression deregulation of genes related to DNA repair and lead toxicity in occupationally exposed industrial workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:1333-1347. [PMID: 37804366 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Globally millions of people working in various industries and are exposed to different toxins which may affect their genetic stability and DNA integrity. Present study was designed to estimate the expression variation of genes related to DNA repair (XRCC1, PARP1) and lead toxicity (ALAD) in exposed industrial workers. METHODS About 200 blood samples were collected from workers of brick kiln, welding, furniture and paint industry (50/industry) along with age and gender matched controls. mRNA expression of genes was measured using RT-PCR. Serum levels of total ROS, POD, TBAR activity was calculated. Blood lead levels were estimated by atomic absorption spectrometer. RESULTS Relative expression of XRCC1 and PARP1 gene was significantly (P < 0.001) upregulated, while ALAD gene expression was downregulated in exposed group compared to control. Expression of XRCC1 and PARP1 was increased (P < 0.001) in exposed workers with > 30 year age compared to control with > 30 year age. Same was observed when < 30 year age group of control and exposed was compared. Likewise, XRCC1 and PARP1 expression was increased (P < 0.001) in exposed workers with > 30 year age compared to workers with < 30 year age. Whereas, ALAD gene showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in > 30 year age workers compared to control of same age and exposed with < 30 year of age. Relative expression of XRCC1 and PARP1 was increased (P < 0.001) in exposed smokers compared to exposed non-smokers and control smokers. Whereas, ALAD gene expression reduced (P < 0.001) significantly in both groups. Blood lead content was higher (P < 0.001) in exposed group compared to control. Strong correlation was observed between XRCC1, PARP1 and ALAD gene versus age, total exposure duration, exposure per day and lead deposition. ROS, TBARS and POD activity was higher (P < 0.01) in exposed group compared to control group. CONCLUSION Present study suggested deregulation of genes related to DNA repair and lead intoxication in exposed group compared to controls. Strong correlation was observed between selected genes and demographic parameters. Present results revealed altered activity of oxidative stress markers which would induce oxidative damage to DNA integrity and limit the function of repair enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zertashia Akram
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mariam Batool
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Kanwal
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Nawaz
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Barbé L, Lam S, Holub A, Faghihmonzavi Z, Deng M, Iyer R, Finkbeiner S. AutoComet: A fully automated algorithm to quickly and accurately analyze comet assays. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102680. [PMID: 37001328 PMCID: PMC10090439 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage is a common cellular feature seen in cancer and neurodegenerative disease, but fast and accurate methods for quantifying DNA damage are lacking. Comet assays are a biochemical tool to measure DNA damage based on the migration of broken DNA strands towards a positive electrode, which creates a quantifiable 'tail' behind the cell. However, a major limitation of this approach is the time needed for analysis of comets in the images with available open-source algorithms. The requirement for manual curation and the laborious pre- and post-processing steps can take hours to days. To overcome these limitations, we developed AutoComet, a new open-source algorithm for comet analysis that utilizes automated comet segmentation and quantification of tail parameters. AutoComet first segments and filters comets based on size and intensity and then filters out comets without a well-connected head and tail, which significantly increases segmentation accuracy. Because AutoComet is fully automated, it minimizes curator bias and is scalable, decreasing analysis time over ten-fold, to less than 3 s per comet. AutoComet successfully detected statistically significant differences in tail parameters between cells with and without induced DNA damage, and was more comparable to the results of manual curation than other open-source software analysis programs. We conclude that the AutoComet algorithm provides a fast, unbiased and accurate method to quantify DNA damage that avoids the inherent limitations of manual curation and will significantly improve the ability to detect DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Barbé
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Stephanie Lam
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Austin Holub
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Zohreh Faghihmonzavi
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Minnie Deng
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Rajshri Iyer
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA; Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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Krasteva N, Staneva D, Vasileva B, Miloshev G, Georgieva M. Bioactivity of PEGylated Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Combined with Near-Infrared Laser Irradiation Studied in Colorectal Carcinoma Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3061. [PMID: 34835825 PMCID: PMC8619681 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Central focus in modern anticancer nanosystems is given to certain types of nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO). Its functionalization with polyethylene glycol (PEG) demonstrates high delivery efficiency and controllable release of proteins, bioimaging agents, chemotherapeutics and anticancer drugs. GO-PEG has a good biological safety profile, exhibits high NIR absorbance and capacity in photothermal treatment. To investigate the bioactivity of PEGylated GO NPs in combination with NIR irradiation on colorectal cancer cells we conducted experiments that aim to reveal the molecular mechanisms of action of this nanocarrier, combined with near-infrared light (NIR) on the high invasive Colon26 and the low invasive HT29 colon cancer cell lines. During reaching cancer cells the phototoxicity of GO-PEG is modulated by NIR laser irradiation. We observed that PEGylation of GO nanoparticles has well-pronounced biocompatibility toward colorectal carcinoma cells, besides their different malignant potential and treatment times. This biocompatibility is potentiated when GO-PEG treatment is combined with NIR irradiation, especially for cells cultured and treated for 24 h. The tested bioactivity of GO-PEG in combination with NIR irradiation induced little to no damages in DNA and did not influence the mitochondrial activity. Our findings demonstrate the potential of GO-PEG-based photoactivity as a nanosystem for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dessislava Staneva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.S.); (B.V.); (G.M.)
| | - Bela Vasileva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.S.); (B.V.); (G.M.)
| | - George Miloshev
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.S.); (B.V.); (G.M.)
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.S.); (B.V.); (G.M.)
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Abbasnezhad A, Mahdavi M, Kianmehr M, Ghorbani M, Motaghy MR, Sohrabi M, Hajavi J. The effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids on DNA damage in bodybuilders' blood lymphocytes. Biomarkers 2021; 26:685-690. [PMID: 34472401 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1976837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays bodybuilders use anabolic steroids frequently. Abuse of these substances can cause significant side effects; therefore, we aim to investigate the effect of anabolic steroids on DNA damage in bodybuilders' blood lymphocytes. METHODS AND MATERIALS This case-control study was performed on 36 male bodybuilders in Gonabad. The case group included bodybuilders with a history of taking anabolic-androgenic steroids (n = 18), and the control group composed of bodybuilders who did not use anabolic-androgenic steroids (n = 18). Intravenous blood samples were obtained and then the lymphocytes, cells and electrophoresis of blood were extracted. Afterward, the coloured slides and DNA damage were measured using a fluorescent microscope and CometScore software. The DNA damage was compared using t-tests . RESULTS Results showed that there was no significant difference between age, marital status, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the case and control group. However, parameters related to the DNA damage including tail length, percent tail DNA, and tail moment were significantly higher in the case group. CONCLUSION The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids increases DNA damage in the bodybuilders' blood lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbasali Abbasnezhad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Miad Mahdavi
- Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kianmehr
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mohamad Ghorbani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Motaghy
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sohrabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Jafar Hajavi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
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