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Liu X, Li C, Hou C, Jiang Y, Chen F, Zhu Y, Zou L. Dissecting the effects of paraquat-induced pulmonary injury in rats using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based metabonomics. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:527-538. [PMID: 37397915 PMCID: PMC10311158 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Paraquat (PQ) is a toxic compound that selectively accumulates in the lungs, inducing severe pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. However, data on the metabolomic changes induced by the PQ remain scant. This study aimed to determine the metabolic changes in Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to PQ using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Methods We established groups of PQ-induced pulmonary injury rats for 14 or 28 days. Results Our data showed that PQ decreased the survival of the rats and induced pulmonary inflammation at day 14 or pulmonary fibrosis at day 28. There was upregulation of IL-1β expression in the inflammation group as well as upregulation of fibronectin, collagen and α-SMA in the pulmonary fibrosis group. OPLS-DA revealed differential expression of 26 metabotites between the normal and the inflammation groups; 31 plasma metabotites were also differently expressed between the normal and the fibrosis groups. There was high expression of lysoPc160-, hydroxybutyrylcarnitine, stearic acid, and imidazolelactic acid in the pulmonary injury group compared to the normal group. Conclusion Metabolomics analysis confirmed that the PQ-induced lung injury was not only related to the aggravation of inflammation and apoptosis but also to mediated histidine, serine, glycerophospholipid, and lipid metabolism. This study gives insights into the mechanisms of PQ-induced lung injury and highlights the potential therapeutic targets. Nonstructured abstract The effect of PQ on lung injury in rats was detected by metabonomics, and the possible metabolic mechanism was investigated by KEGG analysis. OPLS-DA revealed the differential expression of 26 metabotites and 31 plasma metabotites between the normal and the pulmonary injury groups. Metabolomics analysis confirmed that the PQ-induced lung injury was not only related to the aggravation of inflammation and apoptosis but also to mediated histidine, serine, glycerophospholipid, and lipid metabolism. Oleoylethanolamine, stearic acid, and imidazolelactic acid are potential molecular markers in PQ-induced pulmonary injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiehong Liu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
| | - Chi Li
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
| | - Changmiao Hou
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 113 Shaoshan Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410000, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
| | - Lianhong Zou
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
- Hunan Provinicial Institute of Emergency Medicine, 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, PC 410005, China
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Rajaram R, Neelakantan L. Recent advances in estimation of paraquat using various analytical techniques: A review. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Yu Y, Ye Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Wang W. Application of trinity emergency nursing pathway in comprehensive treatment of acute paraquat poisoning. Minerva Surg 2022; 77:523-525. [PMID: 35575665 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.22.09502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Yanqiao Ye
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Yudan Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Yaqin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Weizhan Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui, China -
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Qin L, Zhang X, Wu J, Zhang W, Lu X, Sun H, Zhang J, Guo L, Xie J. Quantification and toxicokinetics of paraquat in mouse plasma and lung tissues by internal standard surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2371-2383. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03875-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Wen C, Zhou C, Jin Y, Hu Y, Wang H, Wang X, Yang X. Metabolic Changes in Rat Plasma After Epilepsy by UPLC-MS/MS. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916666200206145207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases in clinical practice.
The combined application of metabolomics technology plays a great advantage in the screening of biomarkers.
Methods:
In this study, Wistar rats were used as experimental subjects to model intractable epilepsy
and to detect the metabolic changes of small molecules in plasma. UPLC-MS/MS was used to determine
the small molecules in rat plasma. UPLC HSS C18 (2.1mm×100mm, 1.7 μm) column was used
for separation, column temperature of 40°C. The initial mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.3% formic
acid with gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, total running time 4.0 min. Quantitative analysis
was performed with multi-response monitoring (MRM).
Results:
Compared to the control group, the L-Alanine and L-Arginine decreased in the Epilepsy group
(p<0.05); while Cytosine, Adenosine, L-Tyrosine, Citric acid, Fructose increased (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
In the screening of epilepsy biomarkers using metabolomics, various amino acids that
lead to increased energy production and neurotransmitter imbalance play an important role in epileptic
seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035,China
| | - Caiping Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035,China
| | - Yongxi Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou 325005,China
| | - Yujie Hu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035,China
| | - Hongzhe Wang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035,China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035,China
| | - Xuezhi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000,China
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Subbiah R, Tiwari RR. The herbicide paraquat-induced molecular mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury and lung fibrosis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:36-64. [PMID: 33528289 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1864721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide paraquat (PQ; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride) is a highly toxic organic heterocyclic herbicide that has been widely used in agricultural settings. Since its commercial introduction in the early 1960s, numerous cases of fatal PQ poisonings attributed to accidental and/or intentional ingestion of PQ concentrated formulations have been reported. The clinical manifestations of the respiratory system during the acute phase of PQ poisoning mainly include acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), followed by pulmonary fibrosis in a later phase. The focus of this review is to summarize the most recent publications related to PQ-induced lung toxicity as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms for PQ-mediated pathologic processes. Growing sets of data from in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated the involvement of the PQ in regulating lung oxidative stress, inflammatory response, epigenetics, apoptosis, autophagy, and the progression of lung fibrosis. The article also summarizes novel therapeutic avenues based on a literature review, which can be explored as potential means to combat PQ-induced lung toxicity. Finally, we also presented clinical studies on the association of PQ exposure with the incidence of lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekaran Subbiah
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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Colorimetric detection of paraquat in aqueous and fruit juice samples based on functionalized gold nanoparticles. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen L, Wen CW, Deng MJ, Ping-Li, Zhang ZD, Zhou ZH, Wang X. Metabolic and transcriptional changes in seminal plasma of asthenozoospermia patients. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4769. [PMID: 31808565 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the metabolic and transcriptional alterations in seminal fluid caused by asthenozoospermia (AS). To address these issues, a method of metabonomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to identify some crucial biomarkers and transcription levels of the enzymes in seminal fluid. Seminal fluid samples were collected from 87 AS patients and 73 healthy males with normozoospermia. The quantitative analysis by UPLC-MS/MS showed that 19 metabolites in seminal plasma were associated with AS, and they were involved in several metabolic pathways, such as energy metabolism, purine metabolism, methionine cycle, and branched chain amino acid metabolism. Among these metabolites, the levels of citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, and pyruvic acid, which are related to energy metabolism, were collectively reduced in the AS group, whereas the lactic acid level was enhanced. These results indicated that lesser energy source (adenosine triphosphate) was produced through the anaerobic glycolysis pathway rather than via aerobic catabolism of suger and tricarboxylic acid cycle, resulting in reduced power of sperms. Meanwhile, partial least squares discriminant analysis showed significant differences in metabolic profiles between the AS and control groups. In addition, RT-qPCR results revealed that the expression levels of four genes encoding fructokinase citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase, and spermine synthase, which were related to energy metabolism, were decreased in the AS group. The 23 descriptors with differential expression in AS may be valuable for the diagnosis and sequential study on AS. These results will help highlight the role of sperm inactivity in AS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianguo Chen
- The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao-Wei Wen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming-Jie Deng
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ping-Li
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Da Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Hua Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Wigenstam E, Elfsmark L, Ågren L, Akfur C, Bucht A, Jonasson S. Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic treatment in a rodent model of acute lung injury induced by sulfur dioxide. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2018; 56:1185-1194. [PMID: 29923422 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2018.1479527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inhalation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) affects the lungs and exposure to high concentrations can be lethal. The early pulmonary response after inhaled SO2 involves tissue injury, acute neutrophilic lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In rats, long-term pulmonary fibrosis is evident 14 days post-exposure as indicated by analysis of collagen deposition in lung tissue. Early treatment with a single dose of dexamethasone (DEX,10 mg/kg) significantly attenuates the acute inflammatory response in airways. However, this single DEX-treatment is not sufficient for complete protection against SO2-induced injuries. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to SO2 (2200 ppm, nose-only exposure, 10 min) were given treatments (1, 5 and 23 h after SO2-exposure) with the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory substance Pirfenidone (PFD, 200 mg/kg) or DEX (10 mg/kg) to evaluate whether the inflammatory response, AHR and lung fibrosis could be counteracted. RESULTS Both treatment approaches significantly reduced the total leukocyte response in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and suppressed pulmonary edema. In contrast to DEX-treatment, PFD-treatment reduced the methacholine-induced AHR to almost control levels and partially suppressed the acute mucosal damage whereas multiple DEX-treatment was the only treatment that reduced collagen formation in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS To enable an accurate extrapolation of animal derived data to humans, a detailed understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the injury, and potential treatment options, is needed. The findings of the present study suggest that treatments with the capability to reduce both AHR, the inflammatory response, and fibrosis are needed to achieve a comprehensive mitigation of the acute lung injury caused by SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Wigenstam
- a Swedish Defence Research Agency , CBRN Defence and Security , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Linda Elfsmark
- a Swedish Defence Research Agency , CBRN Defence and Security , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Lina Ågren
- a Swedish Defence Research Agency , CBRN Defence and Security , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Christine Akfur
- a Swedish Defence Research Agency , CBRN Defence and Security , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Anders Bucht
- a Swedish Defence Research Agency , CBRN Defence and Security , Umeå , Sweden.,b Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Medicine , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Sofia Jonasson
- a Swedish Defence Research Agency , CBRN Defence and Security , Umeå , Sweden
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