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Steiger A, Farfan J, Fisher N, Heller HC, Fernandez FX, Ruby NF. Reversible Suppression of Fear Memory Recall by Transient Circadian Arrhythmia. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:900620. [PMID: 35694186 PMCID: PMC9184752 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.900620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that a temporary period of circadian arrhythmia would transiently impair recall of an aversive memory in Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Unlike mice or rats, circadian arrhythmia is easily induced in this species by a one-time manipulation of their ambient lighting [i.e., the disruptive phase shift (DPS) protocol]. Hamsters were conditioned to associate footshocks with a shock chamber (context) and with a predictive auditory tone (cue), and then exposed to the DPS protocol. Following DPS, animals either became arrhythmic (ARR), reentrained to the light-dark cycle (ENT), or became arrhythmic for < 14 days before their circadian locomotor rhythms spontaneously recovered and reentrained (ARR-ENT). Tests for contextual memory showed that freezing was decreased 9–10 days post-DPS when both ARR and ARR-ENT groups were arrhythmic. Once ARR-ENT animals reentrained (day 41), however, freezing was elevated back to Pre-DPS levels and did not differ from those observed in ENT hamsters. ENT animals maintained high levels of freezing at both time points, whereas, freezing remained low in ARR hamsters. In contrast to contextual responses, cued responses were unaffected by circadian arrhythmia; all three groups exhibited elevated levels of freezing in response to the tones. The differential impact of circadian arrhythmia on contextual versus cued associative memory suggests that arrhythmia preferentially impacts memory processes that depend on the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athreya Steiger
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Julia Farfan
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Nathan Fisher
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - H. Craig Heller
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Fabian-Xosé Fernandez
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona College of Science, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Norman F. Ruby
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Norman F. Ruby,
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Fusilier AR, Davis JA, Paul JR, Yates SD, McMeekin LJ, Goode LK, Mokashi MV, Remiszewski N, van Groen T, Cowell RM, McMahon LL, Roberson ED, Gamble KL. Dysregulated clock gene expression and abnormal diurnal regulation of hippocampal inhibitory transmission and spatial memory in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 158:105454. [PMID: 34333153 PMCID: PMC8477442 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often have fragmentation of sleep/wake cycles and disrupted 24-h (circadian) activity. Despite this, little work has investigated the potential underlying day/night disruptions in cognition and neuronal physiology in the hippocampus. The molecular clock, an intrinsic transcription-translation feedback loop that regulates circadian behavior, may also regulate hippocampal neurophysiological activity. We hypothesized that disrupted diurnal variation in clock gene expression in the hippocampus corresponds with loss of normal day/night differences in membrane excitability, synaptic physiology, and cognition. We previously reported disrupted circadian locomotor rhythms and neurophysiological output of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (the primary circadian clock) in Tg-SwDI mice with human amyloid-beta precursor protein mutations. Here, we report that Tg-SwDI mice failed to show day/night differences in a spatial working memory task, unlike wild-type controls that exhibited enhanced spatial working memory at night. Moreover, Tg-SwDI mice had lower levels of Per2, one of the core components of the molecular clock, at both mRNA and protein levels when compared to age-matched controls. Interestingly, we discovered neurophysiological impairments in area CA1 of the Tg-SwDI hippocampus. In controls, spontaneous inhibitory post-synaptic currents (sIPSCs) in pyramidal cells showed greater amplitude and lower inter-event interval during the day than the night. However, the normal day/night differences in sIPSCs were absent (amplitude) or reversed (inter-event interval) in pyramidal cells from Tg-SwDI mice. In control mice, current injection into CA1 pyramidal cells produced more firing during the night than during the day, but no day/night difference in excitability was observed in Tg-SwDI mice. The normal day/night difference in excitability in controls was blocked by GABA receptor inhibition. Together, these results demonstrate that the normal diurnal regulation of inhibitory transmission in the hippocampus is diminished in a mouse model of AD, leading to decreased daytime inhibition onto hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. Uncovering disrupted day/night differences in circadian gene regulation, hippocampal physiology, and memory in AD mouse models may provide insight into possible chronotherapeutic strategies to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease symptoms or delay pathological onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Fusilier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer A Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jodi R Paul
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stefani D Yates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Laura J McMeekin
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Lacy K Goode
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mugdha V Mokashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Natalie Remiszewski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Thomas van Groen
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rita M Cowell
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Lori L McMahon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Time-restricted feeding rescues high-fat-diet-induced hippocampal impairment. iScience 2021; 24:102532. [PMID: 34142043 PMCID: PMC8188491 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeding rodents a high-fat diet (HFD) disrupts normal behavioral rhythms, particularly meal timing. Within the brain, mistimed feeding shifts molecular rhythms in the hippocampus and impairs memory. We hypothesize that altered meal timing induced by an HFD leads to cognitive impairment and that restricting HFD access to the "active period" (i.e., night) rescues the normal hippocampal function. In male mice, ad-lib access to an HFD for 20 weeks increased body weight and fat mass, increased daytime meal consumption, reduced hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), and eliminated day/night differences in spatial working memory. Importantly, two weeks of time-restricted feeding (TRF) at the end of the chronic HFD protocol rescued spatial working memory and restored LTP magnitude, even though there was no change in body composition and total daily caloric intake. These findings suggest that short-term TRF is an effective mechanism for rescuing HFD-induced impaired cognition and hippocampal function.
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Tiwari T, Basu P, Singaravel M. Differences in post-chronic jet lag parameters in male and female mice. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1586099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Tiwari
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyoneel Basu
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Muniyandi Singaravel
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Diessler S, Kostic C, Arsenijevic Y, Kawasaki A, Franken P. Rai1 frees mice from the repression of active wake behaviors by light. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28548639 PMCID: PMC5464769 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its role in vision, light impacts physiology and behavior through circadian and direct (aka ‘masking’) mechanisms. In Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS), the dysregulation of both sleep-wake behavior and melatonin production strongly suggests impaired non-visual light perception. We discovered that mice haploinsufficient for the SMS causal gene, Retinoic acid induced-1 (Rai1), were hypersensitive to light such that light eliminated alert and active-wake behaviors, while leaving time-spent-awake unaffected. Moreover, variables pertaining to circadian rhythm entrainment were activated more strongly by light. At the input level, the activation of rod/cone and suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) by light was paradoxically greatly reduced, while the downstream activation of the ventral-subparaventricular zone (vSPVZ) was increased. The vSPVZ integrates retinal and SCN input and, when activated, suppresses locomotor activity, consistent with the behavioral hypersensitivity to light we observed. Our results implicate Rai1 as a novel and central player in processing non-visual light information, from input to behavioral output. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23292.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaz Diessler
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Kostic
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yvan Arsenijevic
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aki Kawasaki
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Franken
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Weinert D, Schöttner K, Müller L, Wienke A. Intensive voluntary wheel running may restore circadian activity rhythms and improves the impaired cognitive performance of arrhythmic Djungarian hamsters. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:1161-1170. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1205083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Weinert
- Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Konrad Schöttner
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Müller
- Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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