Sukarno A, Hu SHL, Chiu HY, Lin YK, Fitriani KS, Wang CP. Factors Associated With Diabetes Self-Care Performance in Indonesians With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.
J Nurs Res 2024;
32:e318. [PMID:
38407799 DOI:
10.1097/jnr.0000000000000601]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
In Indonesia, the number of Type 2 diabetes cases is increasing rapidly, making it the third leading cause of death and among the leading noncommunicable disease healthcare expenditures in the country. Thus, there is a critical need for Indonesians with Type 2 diabetes to perform better self-care to optimize their health and prevent the onset of comorbidities.
PURPOSE
This study was designed to investigate the influence of knowledge, depression, and perceived barriers on Type 2 diabetes self-care performance in Indonesia.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 185 patients with Type 2 diabetes, with demographic, diabetes history, obesity status, diabetes knowledge, depression, perceived barriers, and self-care performance data collected. The Indonesian version of the Revised Diabetes Knowledge Test, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Perceived Barrier Questionnaire and Self-Care Inventory-Revised were used. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Study participants were found to have moderate diabetes self-care performance scores. Annual eye checks, blood glucose self-monitoring, healthy diet selection, and regular exercise were the least common self-management techniques performed and were consistent with the perceived difficulties of the participants. Being illiterate or having an elementary school education (β = 4.59, p = .002), having a junior or senior high school education (β = 3.01, p = .006), having moderate depression (β = -0.92, p = .04), diabetes knowledge (β = 0.09, p = .006), and perceived barriers (β = 0.31, p < .001) were found to explain 40% of the variance in self-care performance. Educational level, depression, and perceived barriers were the strongest factors that impacted Type 2 diabetes self-care performance in this study.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Nurses should not only provide diabetes education but also identify barriers to diabetes self-care early, screen for the signs and symptoms of depression, and target patients with lower levels of education.
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