Botulinum toxin A injections for the treatment of Schwartz-Jampel syndrome: a case series

Successful Treatment of Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome with Botulinum Toxin Type A

Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by typical facial dysmorphism, generalized muscle stiffness, joint contracture, and skeletal abnormalities. This condition is caused by mutations in the heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) gene, which encodes perlecan, a component of the basement membrane. The management of patients with SJS primarily aims to alleviate symptoms related to muscle stiffness. In this report, we describe a male patient with SJS type 1A. Trio whole-exome sequencing identified a pathogenic mutation (NM_001291860.1: c.10897C>T; p.Arg3633Ter) and variants of unknown significance (NM_001291860.2: c.413+10G>T). The patient experienced difficulty in opening his eyes and mouth, which significantly limited his daily activities. Botulinum toxin A injection was administered and demonstrated significant clinical improvement after the treatment.

Management of blepharospasm and blepharophimosis associated with Schwartz-Jampel syndrome

We report the case of a 5-year-old boy with progressive bilateral blepharospasm and blepharophimosis secondary to Schwartz-Jampel syndrome type 1A. Molecular findings confirmed two novel heterozygous mutations in the HSPG2 gene. After the patient did not respond to a single injection of botulinum toxin, he underwent levator resection combined with orbicularis myectomy of bilateral upper and lower eyelids, with satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes.

Computer photogrammetry as a postural assessment in Schwartz-Jampel syndrome: A case report

The Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome (SJS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by myotonia and bone dysplasia, which may change the posture. The subject of this case report was a seven-year-old boy diagnosed with SJS and presenting generalized muscle and joints contractures. The purpose of the present case report was to identify postural asymmetries in a patient with SJS through photogrammetry. Postural analysis was conducted using photogrammetry with the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO®). Photogrammetry is a postural assessment system performed through photographic images. These images are acquired by camera and transported to the computer. SAPO® software performs the assessment of this photograph throughout 3D analysis and compares with a predefined protocol. The results of the present case report document several recurrent postural imbalances seen in SJS including myotonia, facial dysmorphism, and skeletal deformities. Thus, even with little evidence in the literature, physical therapy treatment is indicated to increase the functionality of the individual.