Primary epidural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with cervical location in an HIV-negative child: case report

Primary Paraspinal and Spinal Epidural Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Childhood

Primary paraspinal/spinal epidural lymphoma (PPSEL) is rare in childhood. Here, we retrospectively evaluated patients with PPSEL treated in our department. We also reviewed the cases reported in the literature. Fifteen of 1354 non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases diagnosed over a 38-year period were PPSEPL. There were 11 male individuals and 4 female individuals with a median age of 13 years. Most common symptoms were pain and limb weakness. Physical examination revealed spinal cord compression in 80% of patients. The most common tumor location was the lumbar region. Histopathologic subtypes were lymphoblastic lymphoma in 6 and Burkitt lymphom in 5 patients. Subtotal or near-total excision of the tumor with laminectomy was performed in 6 patients. Thirteen and 9 patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy, respectively. Neurologic recovery was observed in 70% of patients. Seven patients were alive without disease at a median of 88 months. Overall and event-free survival rates were 61.7% and 50.1%, respectively. We reviewed clinical features, treatment, and outcome of 69 PPSEL cases reported in the literature. Neurologic recovery and long-term survival was achieved in 66.7% of them. Heterogeneity in diagnostic methods and treatment have made it difficult to establish the prognostic indicators for neurologic outcome and survival. Multicenter prospective studies with more cases are necessary to determine the prognostic factors.