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Korai A, Thomson I, Carey S, Allman-Farinelli M. A systematic review and quality appraisal of guidelines and recommendations for home enteral tube feeding in adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01500-1. [PMID: 39227692 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Home Enteral Tube Feeding (HETF) is a viable option for people within primary care settings when oral intake is insufficient to meet nutritional needs. As HETF is not a risk-free therapy, guidelines exist to enable its safe provision. This review aims to summarise existing guidelines and their recommendations pertaining to the provision of HETF and appraise their methodological quality. A systematic review was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews, PRISMA-checklist and a 2019 methodological guide specific to the review of clinical practice guidelines (PROSPERO registration: CRD42023456223). Records were sourced from five bibliographical databases (Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Scopus, Cinahl) and the grey literature (64 websites, seven guideline repositories). The AGREE-II tool was applied to eligible guidelines. The recommendations of guidelines meeting a predetermined threshold score (domain 3 'rigour of development' score >70%) were extracted, grouped, and assessed using the AGREE-REX tool. A total of 2707 records were screened with 15 guidelines meeting eligibility criteria. The median (IQR) overall AGREE-II score (/7) of all guidelines was 3 (3-5) and only 3/15 guidelines achieved a domain 3 score >70%. The median (IQR) overall AGREE-REX score was 33% (26-37%). No recommendation group achieved a domain score above 70%. No guideline or recommendation group was suggested for use without modification. Key limitations included suboptimal stakeholder involvement and implementability, and lack of methodological transparency. Current HETF guidelines inadequately align with methodological standards. This review highlights key areas HETF guideline developers should consider to create more relevant and implementable guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana Korai
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Isabella Thomson
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon Carey
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret Allman-Farinelli
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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2
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Kaenkumchorn TK, Lampone O, Huebner K, Cramer J, Karls C. When parenteral nutrition is the answer: The case of pediatric intestinal rehabilitation. Nutr Clin Pract 2024. [PMID: 38961658 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In pediatric patients with intestinal failure, parenteral nutrition is lifesaving but also has several associated risks. The goals of intestinal rehabilitation include promoting growth, minimizing complications associated with intestinal failure, and reaching enteral autonomy, if possible. Pediatric intestinal rehabilitation programs are interdisciplinary teams that strive to provide optimal care for children dependent on parenteral nutrition. The provision of parenteral nutrition requires close monitoring of patients' growth, nutrition concerns, clinical status, and laboratory parameters. Recent advances in the field of intestinal rehabilitation include new lipid emulsions, considerations regarding enteral feeding, advances in micronutrient provision, and central venous catheter preservation techniques. Challenges in the field remain, including improving overall quality of life with home parenteral nutrition administration and preventing recently recognized complications such as chronic intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaporn K Kaenkumchorn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Olivia Lampone
- Clinical Nutrition, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kayla Huebner
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jesse Cramer
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Catherine Karls
- Clinical Nutrition, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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3
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Kumpf VJ, Gray B, Monczka J, Zeraschi S, Klek S. Parenteral nutrition at home/long-term parenteral nutrition. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:S112-S120. [PMID: 38527076 PMCID: PMC11170492 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxae081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Some diseases require that patients receive parenteral nutrition (PN) over a prolonged time period. Long-term administration of PN can further complicate an already complex therapy, posing additional risk of potential complications. This article is based on presentations and discussions held at the International Safety and Quality of PN Summit, providing insights into aspects of home PN (HPN) and examples of good HPN practice. SUMMARY One critical step in the HPN process is when patients transition from a hospital to a home setting, and vice versa. Generally, electronic PN ordering is not feasible in an HPN setting, leading to potential difficulties in communication and coordination. HPN requires that patients (or their home caregivers) administer PN, and thus their education and competency are crucial. Likewise, the choice of PN formulation is of great importance. For example, using more modern intravenous lipid emulsions containing medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and/or fish oil can provide benefits in terms of liver function during long-term HPN. Internationally, there are wide variations in delivery of HPN, with compounded PN dominating in some countries while others make greater use of market-authorized multichamber bags (MCBs). Patient-related factors, institutional considerations, and the availability of different MCB formulations, are also contributing factors guiding formulation and delivery system preferences. CONCLUSION Education and communication remain key components of a successful HPN process. The information shared here may help to motivate efforts to improve HPN processes and to consider the often-differing perspectives of patients and their healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa J Kumpf
- Center for Human Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah Zeraschi
- Pharmacy Department and Nutrition and Intestinal Failure Services, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Stanislaw Klek
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Cancer Institute, Krakow, Poland
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Pironi L, Cuerda C, Jeppesen PB, Joly F, Jonkers C, Krznarić Ž, Lal S, Lamprecht G, Lichota M, Mundi MS, Schneider SM, Szczepanek K, Van Gossum A, Wanten G, Wheatley C, Weimann A. ESPEN guideline on chronic intestinal failure in adults - Update 2023. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1940-2021. [PMID: 37639741 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In 2016, ESPEN published the guideline for Chronic Intestinal Failure (CIF) in adults. An updated version of ESPEN guidelines on CIF due to benign disease in adults was devised in order to incorporate new evidence since the publication of the previous ESPEN guidelines. METHODS The grading system of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) was used to grade the literature. Recommendations were graded according to the levels of evidence available as A (strong), B (conditional), 0 (weak) and Good practice points (GPP). The recommendations of the 2016 guideline (graded using the GRADE system) which were still valid, because no studies supporting an update were retrieved, were reworded and re-graded accordingly. RESULTS The recommendations of the 2016 guideline were reviewed, particularly focusing on definitions, and new chapters were included to devise recommendations on IF centers, chronic enterocutaneous fistulas, costs of IF, caring for CIF patients during pregnancy, transition of patients from pediatric to adult centers. The new guideline consist of 149 recommendations and 16 statements which were voted for consensus by ESPEN members, online in July 2022 and at conference during the annual Congress in September 2022. The Grade of recommendation is GPP for 96 (64.4%) of the recommendations, 0 for 29 (19.5%), B for 19 (12.7%), and A for only five (3.4%). The grade of consensus is "strong consensus" for 148 (99.3%) and "consensus" for one (0.7%) recommendation. The grade of consensus for the statements is "strong consensus" for 14 (87.5%) and "consensus" for two (12.5%). CONCLUSIONS It is confirmed that CIF management requires complex technologies, multidisciplinary and multiprofessional activity, and expertise to care for the underlying gastrointestinal disease and to provide HPN support. Most of the recommendations were graded as GPP, but almost all received a strong consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Pironi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Center for Chronic Intestinal Failure, IRCCS AOUBO, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Cristina Cuerda
- Nutrition Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisca Joly
- Center for Intestinal Failure, Department of Gastroenterology and Nutritional Support, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Cora Jonkers
- Nutrition Support Team, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Željko Krznarić
- Center of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Simon Lal
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marek Lichota
- Intestinal Failure Patients Association "Appetite for Life", Cracow, Poland
| | - Manpreet S Mundi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Kinga Szczepanek
- General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina, Poland
| | | | - Geert Wanten
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carolyn Wheatley
- Support and Advocacy Group for People on Home Artificial Nutrition (PINNT), United Kingdom
| | - Arved Weimann
- Department of General, Visceral and Oncological Surgery, St. George Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
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Kumpf VJ, Neumann ML, Kakani SR. Advocating for a patient- and family centered care approach to management of short bowel syndrome. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38 Suppl 1:S35-S45. [PMID: 37115033 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient- and family centered care (PFCC) is a model of providing healthcare that incorporates the preferences, needs, and values of the patient and their family and is built on a solid partnership between the healthcare team and patient/family. This partnership is critical in short bowel syndrome (SBS) management since the condition is rare, chronic, involves a heterogenous population, and calls for a personalized approach to care. Institutions can facilitate the practice of PFCC by supporting a teamwork approach to care, which, in the case of SBS, ideally involves a comprehensive intestinal rehabilitation program consisting of qualified healthcare practitioners who are supported with the necessary resources and budget. Clinicians can engage in a range of processes to center patients and families in the management of SBS, including fostering whole-person care, building partnerships with patients and families, cultivating communication, and providing information effectively. Empowering patients to self-manage important aspects of their condition is an important component of PFCC and can enhance coping to chronic disease. Therapy nonadherence represents a breakdown in the PFCC approach to care, especially when nonadherence is sustained, and the healthcare provider is intentionally misled. An individualized approach to care that incorporates patient/family priorities should ultimately enhance therapy adherence. Lastly, patients/families should play a central role in determining meaningful outcomes as it relates to PFCC and shaping the research that affects them. This review highlights needs and priorities of patients with SBS and their families and suggests ways to address gaps in existing care to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa J Kumpf
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Programs, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Human Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marie L Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, Omaha, USA
- Department of Communication Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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6
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Church A, Zoeller S. Enteral nutrition product formulations: A review of available products and indications for use. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38:277-300. [PMID: 36787985 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
When oral nutrition is not feasible, enteral nutrition (EN) therapy is often considered the preferred route of nutrition support to meet the nutrient needs of individuals with a functional gastrointestinal tract across multiple levels of care (critical care, acute care, and home care). Enteral formulations have progressively evolved over the last 50 years from the simple blending of hospital food thin enough to run through a feeding tube, to the development of commercial standard formulas, followed by specialized formulas with immune-modulating and disease-specific qualities, to the most recent shift to food-based or blenderized EN composed of natural, whole foods with perceived health benefits. With the vast number of enteral formulations on the market, clinicians may be overwhelmed trying to determine proven vs theoretical benefits. This review is intended to explore differences in enteral formulations, identify implications for clinical practice, and review evidenced-based clinical guidelines to assist clinicians in enteral formula selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Church
- Nutrition Services, Asante Rogue Regional Medical Center, Medford, Oregon, USA
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7
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Pironi L, Boeykens K, Bozzetti F, Joly F, Klek S, Lal S, Lichota M, Mühlebach S, Van Gossum A, Wanten G, Wheatley C, Bischoff SC. ESPEN practical guideline: Home parenteral nutrition. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:411-430. [PMID: 36796121 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This guideline will inform physicians, nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, caregivers and other home parenteral nutrition (HPN) providers, as well as healthcare administrators and policy makers, about appropriate and safe HPN provision. This guideline will also inform patients requiring HPN. The guideline is based on previous published guidelines and provides an update of current evidence and expert opinion; it consists of 71 recommendations that address the indications for HPN, central venous access device (CVAD) and infusion pump, infusion catheter and CVAD site care, nutritional admixtures, program monitoring and management. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews and single clinical trials based on clinical questions were searched according to the PICO format. The evidence was evaluated and used to develop clinical recommendations implementing Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network methodology. The guideline was commissioned and financially supported by ESPEN and members of the guideline group were selected by ESPEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Pironi
- University of Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy; IRCCS AOUBO, Centre for Chronic Intestinal Failure - Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Italy.
| | - Kurt Boeykens
- Vitaz Hospital, Nutrition Support Team, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | | | - Francisca Joly
- Beaujon Hospital, APHP, University of Paris VII, Clichy, France
| | - Stanislaw Klek
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Cancer Institute, Krakow, Poland
| | - Simon Lal
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Marek Lichota
- Intestinal Failure Patients Association "Appetite for Life", Cracow, Poland
| | - Stefan Mühlebach
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology and Hospital Pharmacy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Geert Wanten
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carolyn Wheatley
- Support and Advocacy Group for People on Home Artificial Nutrition (PINNT), UK
| | - Stephan C Bischoff
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Adams SC, Gura KM, Seres DS, Kovacevich D, Maguire A, Herlitz J, Canada TW, Nishikawa R, Boullata J. Safe care transitions for patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract 2022; 37:493-508. [PMID: 35587169 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transitions of care require coordination between inpatient healthcare providers, care managers, outpatient/ambulatory providers, and the patient/caregiver and family members. Poor communication during transitions of care can affect health outcomes and economic costs for patients/caregivers, healthcare providers, and healthcare systems. The goal of this paper is to identify risk-prone processes in the transition of care for patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) between healthcare environments, including the hospital, home, skilled nursing facility, and long-term acute care hospital settings. To facilitate the evaluation of the transition, a sequential series of steps in the transition process were identified: initial notification, assessment in preparation for transfer, identifying the receiving organization, identifying accountable providers at each sending/receiving organization, communicating the nutrition care plan, implementing the plan and additional considerations regarding PN preparation and readmissions. Safety concerns with risk-prone processes are identified and recommended best practices are proposed for improving processes at each step of the transition. Pediatric considerations are included in the evaluation of the various steps in the transition of care. This paper was approved by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Board of Directors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Adams
- Geisinger Home Infusion Services, Danville, Pennyslvania, USA
| | - Kathleen M Gura
- Boston Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David S Seres
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Debbie Kovacevich
- Home Care Services Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jean Herlitz
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Iillinois, USA
| | - Todd W Canada
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Joseph Boullata
- JBoullata, PharmD Consulting Services, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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9
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Stanner H, Zelig R, Rigassio Radler D. Impact of infusion frequency on quality of life in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2021; 46:757-770. [PMID: 34942020 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) may be needed as a long-term therapy for patients with chronic intestinal failure whose clinical condition does not allow complete weaning of the PN solution. HPN is a time-consuming and clinically complex therapy and can negatively affect quality of life (QOL). The level of dependency on HPN, specifically, infusion frequency has been proposed as a factor that may have an effect on QOL in patients receiving HPN. The primary aim of this qualitative review is to identify the impact of HPN frequency (days per week of HPN infusion) on QOL measurements in adult patients receiving HPN. A comprehensive literature search was completed in PubMed and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases. Primary clinical research studies were included if they were conducted in adult patients receiving HPN and included the assessment of the associations between the frequency of HPN infusion and QOL measurements. Six articles ultimately met the criteria for this review. There was variability among the studies, including use of different tools to measure QOL. However, all six studies suggest that a reduction in HPN frequency may be associated with an improvement in QOL. Whenever patients' clinical situation allows, a reduction in HPN frequency should be considered to improve QOL in patients receiving HPN. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Stanner
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rena Zelig
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Diane Rigassio Radler
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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10
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Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Revised 2021 Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Competent, Proficient, and Expert) in Nutrition Support. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:2071-2086.e59. [PMID: 34556313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition support is a therapy that crosses all ages, diseases, and conditions as health care practitioners strive to meet the nutritional requirements of individuals who are unable to meet nutritional and/or hydration needs with oral intake alone. Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs), as integral members of the nutrition support team provide needed information, such as identification of malnutrition risk, macro- and micronutrient requirements, and type of nutrition support therapy (eg, enteral or parenteral), including the route (eg, nasogastric vs nasojejunal or tunneled catheter vs port). The Dietitians in Nutrition Support Dietetic Practice Group, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, along with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Management Committee, have updated the Standards of Practice (SOP) and Standards of Professional Performance (SOPP) for RDNs working in nutrition support. The SOP and SOPP for RDNs in Nutrition Support provide indicators that describe the following 3 levels of practice: competent, proficient, and expert. The SOP uses the Nutrition Care Process and clinical workflow elements for delivering patient/client care. The SOPP describes the 6 domains that focus on professional performance. Specific indicators outlined in the SOP and SOPP depict how these standards apply to practice. The SOP and SOPP are complementary resources for RDNs and are intended to be used as a self-evaluation tool for assuring competent practice in nutrition support and for determining potential education and training needs for advancement to a higher practice level in a variety of settings.
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11
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Corrigan ML, Bobo E, Rollins C, Mogensen KM. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Revised 2021 standards of practice and standards of professional performance for registered dietitian nutritionists (competent, proficient, and expert) in nutrition support. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 36:1126-1143. [PMID: 34543450 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition support is a therapy that crosses all ages, diseases, and conditions as health care practitioners strive to meet the nutrition requirements of individuals who are unable to meet nutrition and/or hydration needs with oral intake alone. Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs), as integral members of the nutrition support team provide needed information, such as identification of malnutrition risk, macro- and micronutrient requirements, and type of nutrition support therapy (eg, enteral or parenteral), including the route (eg, nasogastric vs nasojejunal or tunneled catheter vs port). The Dietitians in Nutrition Support Dietetic Practice Group, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, along with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Management Committee, have updated the Standards of Practice (SOP) and Standards of Professional Performance (SOPP) for RDNs working in nutrition support. The SOP and SOPP for RDNs in Nutrition Support provide indicators that describe the following 3 levels of practice: competent, proficient, and expert. The SOP uses the Nutrition Care Process and clinical workflow elements for delivering patient/client care. The SOPP describes the 6 domains that focus on professional performance. Specific indicators outlined in the SOP and SOPP depict how these standards apply to practice. The SOP and SOPP are complementary resources for RDNs and are intended to be used as a self-evaluation tool for assuring competent practice in nutrition support and for determining potential education and training needs for advancement to a higher practice level in a variety of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy L Corrigan
- Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield IL (at the time the manuscript was written, she was a clinical nutrition manager, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH)
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12
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Emmons D. Reducing outpatient gastrostomy tube complications. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 37:351-360. [PMID: 34101264 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To monitor the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary education protocol for gastrostomy tube (GT) use and care for patients to reduce complications postplacement. METHODS Baseline assessment included a preintervention/intervention design through quantitative measures to determine reduction in the number of GT complications postprocedure following implementation of a patient education protocol for 16 patients in the study. INTERVENTION A multidisciplinary approach was used in protocol development for standardizing patient education. Verbal, written, and hands-on demonstration methods for GT care were used to provide multiple education pathways to increase patient knowledge. Over the progression of 8 months (July 2019 to March 2020), patients with a new GT were followed postprocedure (1-2 weeks prior to starting radiation treatments) and throughout their course of radiation treatments (typically 6-7 weeks). RESULTS All 16 patients (100%) in the intervention group were included in the final analysis. GT complications were reduced from 91% in the preintervention group (n = 11) to 37% in the intervention group (n = 16). The most significant reduction occurred in technique issues, which decreased from 36% (n = 4) to 0%. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a multidisciplinary approach with multiple educational sessions prior to GT placement and use led to increased patient knowledge and reduced GT complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Emmons
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Elkhart General Hospital, Beacon Health System, Elkhart, Indiana, USA
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13
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Pironi L, Boeykens K, Bozzetti F, Joly F, Klek S, Lal S, Lichota M, Mühlebach S, Van Gossum A, Wanten G, Wheatley C, Bischoff SC. ESPEN guideline on home parenteral nutrition. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:1645-1666. [PMID: 32359933 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This guideline will inform physicians, nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, caregivers and other home parenteral nutrition (HPN) providers, as well as healthcare administrators and policy makers, about appropriate and safe HPN provision. This guideline will also inform patients requiring HPN. The guideline is based on previous published guidelines and provides an update of current evidence and expert opinion; it consists of 71 recommendations that address the indications for HPN, central venous access device (CVAD) and infusion pump, infusion line and CVAD site care, nutritional admixtures, program monitoring and management. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews and single clinical trials based on clinical questions were searched according to the PICO format. The evidence was evaluated and used to develop clinical recommendations implementing Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network methodology. The guideline was commissioned and financially supported by ESPEN and members of the guideline group were selected by ESPEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Pironi
- Center for Chronic Intestinal Failure, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Kurt Boeykens
- AZ Nikolaas Hospital, Nutrition Support Team, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | | | - Francisca Joly
- Beaujon Hospital, APHP, Clichy, University of Paris VII, France
| | | | - Simon Lal
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Marek Lichota
- Intestinal Failure Patients Association "Appetite for Life", Cracow, Poland
| | - Stefan Mühlebach
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology and Hospital Pharmacy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Geert Wanten
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carolyn Wheatley
- Support and Advocacy Group for People on Home Artificial Nutrition (PINNT), United Kingdom
| | - Stephan C Bischoff
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Stuttgart, Germany
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Velapati SR, Schroeder S, Kuchkuntla AR, Salonen BR, Bonnes SL, Hurt RT, Mundi MS. Repair of Central Venous Catheter in a Single-Center Adult Home Parenteral Nutrition Cohort. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2019; 44:265-273. [PMID: 31155738 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic intestinal failure who require long-term parenteral nutrition rely on central venous catheters (CVCs) for access to nutrition and hydration. With prolonged use, complications such as central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), damage to CVC, and central venous thrombosis (CVT) can threaten the availability of life-preserving access. Because of this, all efforts should be made to preserve CVCs with techniques such as catheter salvage in case of CLABSI and catheter repair when damaged. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of catheter repair in our patient population. METHODS Retrospective review in 1253 adult patients who received home parenteral nutrition at the Mayo Clinic between September 1, 1997, and April 30, 2018, was conducted to determine the incidence of CLABSI and CVT in patients who underwent CVC repair. RESULTS Fifty-five CVC repairs were performed in 36 patients (n = 23 female) with mean age of 57.05 ± 16.96 years. A total of 14 catheters (25.45%) were complicated with 24 episodes of CLABSI. CLABSI rate before and after repair was 0.23/1000 catheter days and 0.21/1000 catheter days, respectively. Most common indications for eventual catheter replacement were mechanical damage (32%), infection (32%), and switching to alternate mode of nutrition (24%). We had a 100% success rate of catheter repair procedure, and no post-procedural complications were present. CONCLUSION Catheter repair can increase the catheter survival without increasing the risk of CLABSI, providing not only socioeconomic benefit but also decreasing risk of compromising future vascular access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saketh R Velapati
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sara Schroeder
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aravind R Kuchkuntla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bradley R Salonen
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sara L Bonnes
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ryan T Hurt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Manpreet S Mundi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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15
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Salonen BR, Bonnes SL, Mundi MS, Lal S. Repair of Central Venous Catheters in Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients. Nutr Clin Pract 2019; 34:210-215. [DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley R. Salonen
- Division of General Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Sara L. Bonnes
- Division of General Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Manpreet S. Mundi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Simon Lal
- Salford Royal Hospital; Salford United Kingdom
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16
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Abstract
Patients receiving long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) and clinicians managing their care face complex challenges not fully addressed by existing clinical practice guidelines. This review aims to increase awareness of some of the challenges encountered when managing patients receiving HPN and provide strategies for management. The ability to optimally manage these patients starts with involvement of a qualified team of clinicians, which is sometimes difficult to find. There are unique challenges related to the parenteral nutrition (PN) prescribing and compounding process that are not typically encountered with inpatient use. Clear communication is required between the HPN prescriber/team and the home infusion pharmacist to prevent errors related to misinterpretation of the order and PN product shortages. Dependency on HPN and living with chronic disease create a number of psychosocial, financial, and other lifestyle restrictions that can negatively impact a patient's quality of life. HPN nonadherence is a challenge that complicates the clinician's ability to accurately assess and make appropriate adjustments to therapy. HPN adherence may be improved by incorporating a patient-centered approach to care that allows patients to prioritize those issues most meaningful and valuable to them. Patient-centered care also encourages self-care and relies on a high level of HPN education. Clinicians are encouraged to use an interactive interview style when engaging patients to prioritize goals of care and make self-motivated decisions for change. In spite of challenges, HPN therapy has allowed patients the ability to maintain adequate nutrition and thrive in the home setting when the oral/enteral route fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa J Kumpf
- Center for Human Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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18
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Ukleja A, Gilbert K, Mogensen KM, Walker R, Ward CT, Ybarra J, Holcombe B. Standards for Nutrition Support: Adult Hospitalized Patients. Nutr Clin Pract 2018; 33:906-920. [DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ukleja
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Division of Gastroenterology; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Karen Gilbert
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kris M. Mogensen
- Department of Nutrition; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Renee Walker
- Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Affairs Medical Center; Houston Texas USA
| | | | - Joe Ybarra
- Medical City McKinney; McKinney Texas USA
| | - Beverly Holcombe
- American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; Silver Spring Maryland USA
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19
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Katoue MG. Role of pharmacists in providing parenteral nutrition support: current insights and future directions. INTEGRATED PHARMACY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2018; 7:125-140. [PMID: 30324089 PMCID: PMC6173269 DOI: 10.2147/iprp.s117118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parenteral nutrition (PN) therapy is a complex and critical therapy that requires special clinical knowledge, skills, and practice experience to avoid errors in prescribing, compounding, and clinical management of patients. Pharmacists with adequate clinical training and expertise in PN therapy can have pivotal role in the care of patients receiving PN therapy. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to describe and evaluate the different roles of pharmacists and their provided services related to PN therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive systematic literature review on the topic was conducted via PubMed database using several keywords related to the topic (from 1975 to 2017). Additional resources included the standards of practice and clinical guidelines from recognized organizations such as the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) and the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). RESULTS Pharmacists have diverse roles in relation to PN therapy including the following: the assessment of patients' nutritional needs; the design, compounding, dispensing, and quality management of PN formulations; monitoring patients' response to PN therapy; supervision of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) programs; education of patients, caregivers, and other health care professionals on nutrition support and conducting PN-related research and quality improvement activities. These services seem to be variable across clinical settings and among different countries depending on the practice environment and pharmacists' clinical practice in these settings. However, each of these practice domains helps to support the delivery of safe and effective PN therapy to patients. CONCLUSION Pharmacists have been actively participating in providing PN-related services to patients. To fulfill the requirements of their essential role in this area of practice, pharmacists need adequate educational preparation and clinical training on nutrition support. Empowerment of pharmacists to assume a stronger leadership role in this dimension of pharmacy practice will enhance the quality of care provided to patients receiving PN therapy and improve PN services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Gamal Katoue
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait,
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20
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Reemergence of Blended Tube Feeding and Parent's Reported Experiences in Their Tube Fed Children. J Altern Complement Med 2018; 24:369-373. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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21
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Smith A, Feuling MB, Larson-Nath C, Karls C, Van Hoorn M, Walia CLS, Leon C, Danner E, Opichka P, Duesing L, Martinez A, Goday PS. Laboratory Monitoring of Children on Home Parenteral Nutrition: A Prospective Study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2018; 42:148-155. [PMID: 29505155 DOI: 10.1177/0148607116673184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary hypothesis of this article is that a team approach in creating a protocolized laboratory monitoring schedule for home parenteral nutrition (PN) patients improves patient safety by decreasing the occurrence of nutrition deficiencies and is cost-effective. METHODS In this prospective cohort study of home PN patients, each patient followed an established protocol of laboratory monitoring and weekly review by an interdisciplinary team of dietitians, nurses, and physicians. Data collected included anthropometric measurements, laboratory results, deviations from laboratory protocols, laboratory charges, PN shortage information, and means of ameliorating such shortages. Cost-effectiveness analysis was only performed for nonmicronutrient laboratory tests. RESULTS Fifteen children (male, n = 6) with a median age of 59 months (range, 19-216) were included in this study. Primary diagnoses included short bowel syndrome (47%) and intestinal pseudo-obstruction (40%). Patients received PN mixtures from 6 different infusion companies and experienced 60 different shortages in the PN formulation requiring adjustments or substitutions (mean, 4 shortages per patient). All patients had appropriate growth and complete micronutrient monitoring. No patient experienced any clinical symptoms due to shortages. The median number of laboratory draws/patient per month was 2.9 preprotocol compared with 1.14 postprotocol (P = .003). The median per patient per month charges were $2014 (interquartile range [IQR], 1471-2780) preprotocol compared with $792 (IQR, 435-1140) postprotocol (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS A structured team approach to laboratory monitoring of home PN patients can simplify PN management, significantly decrease monthly laboratory costs, and lead to fewer laboratory draws while improving micronutrient monitoring and preventing deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Smith
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carly Leon
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Elaine Danner
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Pam Opichka
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lori Duesing
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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22
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Kirby DF, Corrigan ML, Hendrickson E, Emery DM. Overview of Home Parenteral Nutrition: An Update. Nutr Clin Pract 2017; 32:739-752. [DOI: 10.1177/0884533617734528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donald F. Kirby
- Center for Human Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - D. Marie Emery
- Center for Human Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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23
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Abi Saleh W, Bou Khalil P, Ouaijan K, Abillama F, Akiki S, Ahmad N, Mattar L. Evaluation of nutrition support practices: Results from a nationwide survey. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1976-1979. [PMID: 28923476 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple clinical guidelines are available to improve and standardize the delivery of nutrition support. However, recommendations are not being universally applied at the bedside due to challenges of resources and barriers of knowledge. Assessing the current level of nutrition support practice is the first step to understand the barriers and ultimately implement potential strategies to increase guideline adherence and promote quality nutrition support in hospitals. There are no published data concerning the practice of nutrition support in Lebanese hospitals. OBJECTIVES The objective of our study is to investigate for the first time the current clinical practice pertinent to nutrition support across Lebanon. METHODS A survey was developed by The Nutrition Board of the Lebanese Society of Critical Care Medicine (LSCCM) to determine nutrition support practices in hospitals with an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) across Lebanon. The 28-question survey assesses the delivery of feeding methods such as oral nutrition supplements (ONS), enteral nutrition (EN), and parenteral nutrition (PN). RESULTS Fourty-one hospitals from 116 total completed the survey. The majority of the hospitals (92.6%) do not systematically use a screening system for malnutrition. Seventy six percent of hospitals reported less than 5% of their patients are kept for more than 7 days with no nutrition support. Early EN is used in preference over PN in ICUs, as 72% of hospitals start early EN (within 48 h) in more than 10% of cases while only 30% of hospitals start early PN (within the first week) in more than 10% of cases. Fifty-one percent of the hospitals use ready prepared formula while the rest (49%) use kitchen prepared formula. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first of its kind in Lebanon aiming at describing the current clinical practice in nutrition support at a national level. Working toward the use of a nutritional screening tool on admission and the exclusive use of ready made formula for enteral feeding will have the most significant and immediate impact on improving quality of nutritional care for hospitalized patients. This can be achieved mainly through the education of the concerned staff.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Bou Khalil
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Fayez Abillama
- Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital, Lebanon
| | - Sandra Akiki
- Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital, Lebanon
| | - Nehmat Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, The Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Lama Mattar
- Nutrition Division, Natural Sciences Department - Lebanese American University, Lebanon.
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24
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Worthington P, Balint J, Bechtold M, Bingham A, Chan LN, Durfee S, Jevenn AK, Malone A, Mascarenhas M, Robinson DT, Holcombe B. When Is Parenteral Nutrition Appropriate? JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2017; 41:324-377. [PMID: 28333597 DOI: 10.1177/0148607117695251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition (PN) represents one of the most notable achievements of modern medicine, serving as a therapeutic modality for all age groups across the healthcare continuum. PN offers a life-sustaining option when intestinal failure prevents adequate oral or enteral nutrition. However, providing nutrients by vein is an expensive form of nutrition support, and serious adverse events can occur. In an effort to provide clinical guidance regarding PN therapy, the Board of Directors of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) convened a task force to develop consensus recommendations regarding appropriate PN use. The recommendations contained in this document aim to delineate appropriate PN use and promote clinical benefits while minimizing the risks associated with the therapy. These consensus recommendations build on previous ASPEN clinical guidelines and consensus recommendations for PN safety. They are intended to guide evidence-based decisions regarding appropriate PN use for organizations and individual professionals, including physicians, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and other clinicians involved in providing PN. They not only support decisions related to initiating and managing PN but also serve as a guide for developing quality monitoring tools for PN and for identifying areas for further research. Finally, the recommendations contained within the document are also designed to inform decisions made by additional stakeholders, such as policy makers and third-party payers, by providing current perspectives regarding the use of PN in a variety of healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Balint
- 2 Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Angela Bingham
- 4 University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sharon Durfee
- 6 Central Admixture Pharmacy Services, Inc, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | | | | | - Maria Mascarenhas
- 9 The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel T Robinson
- 10 Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Beverly Holcombe
- 11 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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25
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Boullata JI, Carrera AL, Harvey L, Escuro AA, Hudson L, Mays A, McGinnis C, Wessel JJ, Bajpai S, Beebe ML, Kinn TJ, Klang MG, Lord L, Martin K, Pompeii-Wolfe C, Sullivan J, Wood A, Malone A, Guenter P. ASPEN Safe Practices for Enteral Nutrition Therapy [Formula: see text]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 41:15-103. [PMID: 27815525 DOI: 10.1177/0148607116673053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enteral nutrition (EN) is a valuable clinical intervention for patients of all ages in a variety of care settings. Along with its many outcome benefits come the potential for adverse effects. These safety issues are the result of clinical complications and of process-related errors. The latter can occur at any step from patient assessment, prescribing, and order review, to product selection, labeling, and administration. To maximize the benefits of EN while minimizing adverse events requires that a systematic approach of care be in place. This includes open communication, standardization, and incorporation of best practices into the EN process. This document provides recommendations based on the available evidence and expert consensus for safe practices, across each step of the process, for all those involved in caring for patients receiving EN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph I Boullata
- 1 Clinical Nutrition Support Services, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Department of Nutrition, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Lillian Harvey
- 3 Northshore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York, and Hofstra University NorthWell School of Medicine, Garden City, New York, USA
| | - Arlene A Escuro
- 4 Digestive Disease Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lauren Hudson
- 5 Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Mays
- 6 Baptist Health Systems and University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Carol McGinnis
- 7 Sanford University of South Dakota Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | | | - Sarita Bajpai
- 9 Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Tamara J Kinn
- 11 Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Mark G Klang
- 12 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda Lord
- 13 University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Karen Martin
- 14 University of Texas Center for Health Sciences at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Cecelia Pompeii-Wolfe
- 15 University of Chicago, Medicine Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Abby Wood
- 17 Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ainsley Malone
- 18 American Society for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Peggi Guenter
- 18 American Society for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene A. Escuro
- Center for Human Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - A. Christine Hummell
- Center for Human Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bobo
- Nemours Children’s Specialty Care, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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28
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Winkler MF, DiMaria-Ghalili RA, Guenter P, Resnick HE, Robinson L, Lyman B, Ireton-Jones C, Banchik LH, Steiger E. Characteristics of a Cohort of Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients at the Time of Enrollment in the Sustain Registry. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 40:1140-1149. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607115586575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion F. Winkler
- Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Peggi Guenter
- American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Helaine E. Resnick
- American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Beth Lyman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | - Ezra Steiger
- Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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29
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Pironi L, Arends J, Bozzetti F, Cuerda C, Gillanders L, Jeppesen PB, Joly F, Kelly D, Lal S, Staun M, Szczepanek K, Van Gossum A, Wanten G, Schneider SM. ESPEN guidelines on chronic intestinal failure in adults. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:247-307. [PMID: 26944585 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic Intestinal Failure (CIF) is the long-lasting reduction of gut function, below the minimum necessary for the absorption of macronutrients and/or water and electrolytes, such that intravenous supplementation is required to maintain health and/or growth. CIF is the rarest organ failure. Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is the primary treatment for CIF. No guidelines (GLs) have been developed that address the global management of CIF. These GLs have been devised to generate comprehensive recommendations for safe and effective management of adult patients with CIF. METHODS The GLs were developed by the Home Artificial Nutrition & Chronic Intestinal Failure Special Interest Group of ESPEN. The GRADE system was used for assigning strength of evidence. Recommendations were discussed, submitted to Delphi rounds, and accepted in an online survey of ESPEN members. RESULTS The following topics were addressed: management of HPN; parenteral nutrition formulation; intestinal rehabilitation, medical therapies, and non-transplant surgery, for short bowel syndrome, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and radiation enteritis; intestinal transplantation; prevention/treatment of CVC-related infection, CVC-related occlusion/thrombosis; intestinal failure-associated liver disease, gallbladder sludge and stones, renal failure and metabolic bone disease. Literature search provided 623 full papers. Only 12% were controlled studies or meta-analyses. A total of 112 recommendations are given: grade of evidence, very low for 51%, low for 39%, moderate for 8%, and high for 2%; strength of recommendation: strong for 63%, weak for 37%. CONCLUSIONS CIF management requires complex technologies, multidisciplinary and multiprofessional activity, and expertise to care for both the underlying gastrointestinal disease and to provide HPN support. The rarity of the condition impairs the development of RCTs. As a consequence, most of the recommendations have a low or very low grade of evidence. However, two-thirds of the recommendations are considered strong. Specialized management and organization underpin these recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Pironi
- Center for Chronic Intestinal Failure, Department of Digestive System, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Jann Arends
- Department of Medicine, Oncology and Hematology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Cristina Cuerda
- Nutrition Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lyn Gillanders
- Nutrition Support Team, Auckland City Hospital, (AuSPEN) Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Francisca Joly
- Centre for Intestinal Failure, Department of Gastroenterology and Nutritional Support, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Darlene Kelly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; Oley Foundation for Home Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Simon Lal
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Michael Staun
- Rigshospitalet, Department of Gastroenterology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kinga Szczepanek
- General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina, Poland
| | - André Van Gossum
- Medico-Surgical Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert Wanten
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphane Michel Schneider
- Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, CHU of Nice, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
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Austhof SI, DeChicco R, Cresci G, Corrigan ML, Lopez R, Steiger E, Kirby DF. Expediting Transition to Home Parenteral Nutrition With Fast-Track Cycling. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2015; 41:446-454. [PMID: 26187939 DOI: 10.1177/0148607115595620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delivery of home parenteral nutrition (PN) is typically cycled over 12 hours. Discharge to home on PN is often delayed due to potential adverse events (AEs) associated with cycling PN. The purpose was to determine whether patients requiring long-term PN can be cycled from 24 hours to 12 hours in 1 day instead of 2 days without increasing the risk of PN-related AEs. METHODS Hospitalized patients receiving PN at goal calories infused over 24 hours without severe electrolyte or blood glucose abnormalities were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to a 1-step "fast-track" protocol or 2-step "standard" protocol. AEs were defined as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, new-onset or worsening dyspnea, tachycardia, tachypnea, lower extremity or sacral edema, pulmonary edema, or abdominal ascites and were graded as minor or major. RESULTS In the 63 patients studied, the most prevalent PN-related AE was hyperglycemia, occurring in 24.2% and 30.0% of patients in the fast-track and standard groups, respectively. Overall, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of PN-related minor AEs between fast-track and standard groups (33.3% and 53.3%, P = .5). No major PN-related AEs occurred in the fast-track group, while 1 major PN-related AE (pulmonary edema) occurred in the standard group. CONCLUSIONS Fast-track cycling is as safe as standard cycling in patients without diabetes mellitus or major organ dysfunction requiring long-term PN. Fast-track cycling could potentially expedite hospital discharge, resulting in decreased healthcare costs and improved patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I Austhof
- 1 Center for Human Nutrition TT-22, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert DeChicco
- 1 Center for Human Nutrition TT-22, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gail Cresci
- 2 Gastroenterology and Hepatology M-17, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Rocio Lopez
- 4 Quantitative Health Sciences JJN3-01, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ezra Steiger
- 5 Center for Human Nutrition/General Surgery A100, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Donald F Kirby
- 6 Center for Human Nutrition/Gastroenterology A51, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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The Impact of Long-Term Home Parenteral Nutrition on the Patient and the Family. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2015; 38:290-300. [DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Brody R, Hise M, Marcus AF, Harvey-Banchik L, Matarese LE. Evaluating Evidence-Based Nutrition Support Practice Among Healthcare Professionals With and Without the Certified Nutrition Support Clinician Credential. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2015; 40:107-14. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607115587947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Brody
- Graduate Programs in Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health Related Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Mary Hise
- Medical Affairs, North America, Hospital Products, Baxter International, Deerfield, Illinois
| | - Andrea Fleisch Marcus
- Graduate Programs in Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health Related Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Lillian Harvey-Banchik
- Department of Surgery, North Shore University Hospital, Hofstra University School of Medicine in Association with the North Shore Long Island Jewish Health Care System
| | - Laura E. Matarese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Brody School of Medicine and Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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Blackmer AB, Partipilo ML. Three-in-one parenteral nutrition in neonates and pediatric patients: risks and benefits. Nutr Clin Pract 2015; 30:337-43. [PMID: 25857309 DOI: 10.1177/0884533615580596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-sustaining therapy designed to deliver essential nutrients to patients unable to meet nutrition needs via the enteral route. PN may be delivered via a 2-in-1 system (one solution containing amino acids, dextrose, electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, and fluids and one solution containing intravenous fat emulsions [IVFEs]) or via a 3-in-1 system (all nutrients mixed in one container). Although the use of 3-in-1 PN solutions is not necessarily therapeutically advantageous, certain benefits may exist such as the potential to reduce the risk of contamination due to decreased manipulations; ease of administration, particularly in the home care setting; possible cost savings; and reduced IVFE wastage. However, the incorporation of IVFE in 3-in-1 solutions also presents unique risks for the neonatal and pediatric population such as decreased stability, increased lipid globule size, decreased sterility and the potential for increased microbial growth/infectious complications, the need to use a larger filter size, precipitation and compatibility risks, and an increased chance of catheter occlusion. This review outlines the unique issues and challenges to be considered when formulating neonatal and pediatric 3-in-1 PN admixtures. While 3-in-1 PN solutions may be advantageous for certain pediatric populations, specifically those dependent on home PN, the risks do not outweigh the benefits in neonatal patients, and use should be avoided in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Beck Blackmer
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - M Luisa Partipilo
- University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan C. S. Mott Children's and Women's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Brantley SL, Russell MK, Mogensen KM, Wooley JA, Bobo E, Chen Y, Malone A, Roberts S, Romano MM, Taylor B. American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Revised 2014 Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Competent, Proficient, and Expert) in Nutrition Support. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:2001-8.e37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brantley SL, Russell MK, Mogensen KM, Wooley JA, Bobo E, Chen Y, Malone A, Roberts S, Romano MM, Taylor B. American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Nutr Clin Pract 2014; 29:792-828. [DOI: 10.1177/0884533614554264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Brantley
- Metabolic Support Services Coordinator, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Pharmacy Department, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Mary K. Russell
- Sr. Manager, Medical Affairs, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kris M. Mogensen
- Team Leader Dietitian, Department of Nutrition, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer A. Wooley
- Clinical Nutrition Manager, University Hospital and Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth Bobo
- Clinical Dietitian, Nemours Children’s Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Yimin Chen
- Advanced Level Dietitian, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ainsley Malone
- Nutrition Support Dietitian, Pharmacy Department, Mt. Carmel West Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Susan Roberts
- Area Director of Clinical Nutrition-Aramark/Baylor Health Care System, Dietetic Internship Director–Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michelle M. Romano
- Nutrition Support Specialist, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Beth Taylor
- Nutrition Support Specialist, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, Missouri
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Tucker A, Ybarra J, Bingham A, Blackmer A, Curtis C, Mattox T, Miller C, Ward C, Williams NT. American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) Standards of Practice for Nutrition Support Pharmacists. Nutr Clin Pract 2014; 30:139-46. [DOI: 10.1177/0884533614550318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joe Ybarra
- John Peter Smith Healthcare, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Angela Bingham
- Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allison Blackmer
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Caitlin Curtis
- University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin
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