1
|
Sun H, Meng S, Chen J, Wan Q. Effects of Hyperlipidemia on Osseointegration of Dental Implants and Its Strategies. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040194. [PMID: 37103284 PMCID: PMC10145040 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia refers to the abnormal increase in plasma lipid level exceeding the normal range. At present, a large number of patients require dental implantation. However, hyperlipidemia affects bone metabolism, promotes bone loss, and inhibits the osseointegration of dental implants through the mutual regulation of adipocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. This review summarized the effects of hyperlipidemia on dental implants and addressed the potential strategies of dental implants to promote osseointegration in a hyperlipidemic environment and to improve the success rate of dental implants in patients with hyperlipidemia. We summarized topical drug delivery methods to solve the interference of hyperlipidemia in osseointegration, which were local drug injection, implant surface modification and bone-grafting material modification. Statins are the most effective drugs in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, and they also encourage bone formation. Statins have been used in these three methods and have been found to be positive in promoting osseointegration. Directly coating simvastatin on the rough surface of the implant can effectively promote osseointegration of the implant in a hyperlipidemic environment. However, the delivery method of this drug is not efficient. Recently, a variety of efficient methods of simvastatin delivery, such as hydrogels and nanoparticles, have been developed to boost bone formation, but few of them were applied to dental implants. Applicating these drug delivery systems using the three aforementioned ways, according to the mechanical and biological properties of materials, could be promising ways to promote osseointegration under hyperlipidemic conditions. However, more research is needed to confirm.
Collapse
|
2
|
The recent advancement in the PLGA-based thermo-sensitive hydrogel for smart drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122484. [PMID: 36509221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To date, hydrogels have opened new prospects for potential applications for drug delivery. The thermo-sensitive hydrogels have the great potential to provide more effective and controllable release of therapeutic/bioactive agents in response to changes in temperature. PLGA is a safe FDA-approved copolymer with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Recently, PLGA-based formulation have attracted a lot of interest for thermo-sensitive hydrogels. Thermo-sensitive PLGA-based hydrogels provide the delivery system with good spatial and temporal control, and have been widely applied in drug delivery. This review is focused on the recent progression of the thermo-sensitive and biodegradable PLGA-based hydrogels that have been reported for smart drug delivery to the different organs. Eventually, future perspectives and challenges of thermo-sensitive PLGA-based hydrogels are discussed briefly.
Collapse
|
3
|
Haugen HJ, Chen H. Is There a Better Biomaterial for Dental Implants than Titanium?—A Review and Meta-Study Analysis. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020046. [PMID: 35645254 PMCID: PMC9149859 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article focuses on preclinical studies and reviews the available evidence from the literature on dental implant and abutment materials in the last decade. Specifically, different peri-implantitis materials and how surface modifications may affect the peri-implant soft-tissue seal and subsequently delay or hinder peri-implantitis are examined. This review analyzed more than 30 studies that were Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), Controlled Clinical Trials (CCTs), or prospective case series (CS) with at least six months of follow-up. Meta-analyses were performed to make a comparison between different implant materials (titanium vs. zirconia), including impact on bone changes, probing depth, plaque levels, and peri-implant mucosal inflammation, as well as how the properties of the implant material and surface modifications would affect the peri-implant soft-tissue seal and peri-implant health conditions. However, there was no clear evidence regarding whether titanium is better than other implant materials. Clinical evidence suggests no difference between different implant materials in peri-implant bone stability. The metal analysis offered a statistically significant advantage of zirconia implants over titanium regarding developing a favorable response to the alveolar bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Håvard J. Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gan Z, Song Y, Zhang H, Ye Y, Chu H. WITHDRAWN: MiR-363-3p attenuates simvastatin-induced osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting KLF2. Tissue Cell 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
5
|
Rather HA, Patel R, Yadav UCS, Vasita R. Dual drug-delivering polycaprolactone-collagen scaffold to induce early osteogenic differentiation and coupled angiogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:045008. [PMID: 32427577 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab7978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a multi-step, overlapping process, in which angiogenesis and osteogenesis are the key players. Several attempts have been made to promote angiogenesis-coupled osteogenesis using scaffolding technology. However, the recreation of functional vasculature during bone regeneration is an unparalleled challenge. In this study, a dual drug-delivering polycaprolactone-collagen fibrous scaffold is reported to promote early osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Simvastatin as a pro-angiogenic and dexamethasone as an osteoinductive drug were encapsulated to functionalize the electrospun fibers. The optically transparent fibrous mat represented the sustained and sequential release of drugs for 28 days. The fibrous mesh increased cell proliferation and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation up to 21 days. The alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition were comparatively higher on dual drug-releasing fibers when compared to control fibers. The dual drug-releasing osteoconductive fibers demonstrated osteogenesis as early as 7 days with a 3.7 and 1.5 fold increase in the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers (RUNX2 and osteocalcin), respectively. In vitro angiogenesis using primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (pHUVECs) showed no significant difference in cell proliferation among control fibers and dual drug-releasing fibers. However, the angioinductive nature of simvastatin released from the fibers demonstrated tube formation and 2 fold higher angiogenic score. The mRNA and protein expression study of angiogenic markers (VEGFR2 and eNOS) by polymerase chain reaction and western blotting depicted the angioinducing potential of dual drug-releasing fibers. VEGFR2 and eNOS mRNA expressions increased by 1.1 and 1.6 fold, respectively, whereas their protein expression increased by 3.2 and 1.7 fold, respectively. The overall results demonstrate the synergistic effect of osteoconductive substrate and osteoinductive dual drugs to promote early osteogenesis, and release of the pro-angiogenic drug promotes angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad Rather
- Biomaterials & Biomimetics laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim SY, Bae EB, Huh JW, Ahn JJ, Bae HY, Cho WT, Huh JB. Bone Regeneration Using a Three-Dimensional Hexahedron Channeled BCP Block Combined with Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 in Rat Calvarial Defects. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12152435. [PMID: 31370160 PMCID: PMC6696350 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is important to obtain sufficient bone mass before implant placement on alveolar bone, and synthetic bone such as biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) has been studied to secure this. This study used a BCP block bone with a specific structure of the three-dimensional (3D) hexahedron channel and coating with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) impregnated carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was used to examine the enhancement of bone regeneration of this biomaterial in rat calvarial defect. After the preparation of critical-size calvarial defects in fifteen rats, defects were divided into three groups and were implanted with the assigned specimen (n = 5): Boneplant (untreated 3D hexahedron channeled BCP block), Boneplant/CMC (3D hexahedron channeled BCP block coated with CMC), and Boneplant/CMC/BMP (3D hexahedron channeled BCP block coated with CMC containing rhBMP-2). After 4 weeks, the volumetric, histologic, and histometric analyses were conducted to measure the newly formed bone. Histologically, defects in the Boneplant/CMC/BMP group were almost completely filled with new bone compared to the Boneplant and Boneplant/CMC groups. The new bone volume (P < 0.05) and area (P < 0.001) in the Boneplant/CMC/BMP group (20.12% ± 2.17, 33.79% ± 3.66) were much greater than those in the Boneplant (10.77% ± 4.8, 16.48% ± 9.11) and Boneplant/CMC (10.72% ± 3.29, 16.57% ± 8.94) groups, respectively. In conclusion, the 3D hexahedron channeled BCP block adapted rhBMP-2 with carrier CMC showed high possibility as an effective bone graft material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Yeun Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Eun-Bin Bae
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jae-Woong Huh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Seroun Dental Clinic, Suyeong-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48445, Korea
| | - Jong-Ju Ahn
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Bae
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Won-Tak Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jung-Bo Huh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hajihasani Biouki M, Mobedi H, Karkhaneh A, Daliri Joupari M. Development of a simvastatin loaded injectable porous scaffold in situ formed by phase inversion method for bone tissue regeneration. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 42:72-79. [PMID: 30482084 DOI: 10.1177/0391398818806161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The use of injectable scaffolds as a minimally invasive method is a good choice in tissue engineering applications. A critical parameter for the tissue engineering scaffolds is a suitable morphology with interconnected pores. We present the development of a simvastatin loaded scaffold that forms in situ and provides the porous structure with interconnected pores. METHODS: The formulation of these scaffolds includes a polymeric solution of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (25 wt%) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone containing 6 wt% deionized water and porogen (mannitol, four times the weight of the polymer). We have grafted simvastatin to poly lactic-co-glycolic acid by the esterification reactions. Simvastatin or simvastatin-grafted poly lactic-co-glycolic acid in different levels was added to polymer solution and finally the solution was injected into phosphate buffered saline. The simvastatin-grafted poly lactic-co-glycolic acid was characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infra-red and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The morphology, porosity, and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated. The in vitro simvastatin release from the various formulations was studied. Osteogenic differentiation of the adipose-derived stem cells was investigated using alkaline phosphatase activity assay and cell mineralization was evaluated using Alizarin red staining. RESULTS: The morphology results showed the resultant scaffold was porous with the interconnected pores. The scaffolds presented 91% porosity. Non-toxic doses of simvastatin in the scaffolds were determined by methyl-thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The released simvastatin from the scaffolds continues over 80 days. Alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin red results indicated that cell osteogenic differentiation is promoted. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that release of simvastatin from the injectable scaffolds can have positive effects on osteogenic differentiation of the adipose-derived stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Hajihasani Biouki
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Mobedi
- 2 Department of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Daliri Joupari
- 4 Department of Animal and Marine Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moshiri A, Sharifi AM, Oryan A. Role of Simvastatin on fracture healing and osteoporosis: a systematic review on in vivo investigations. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 43:659-84. [PMID: 27061579 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Simvastatin is a lipid lowering drug whose beneficial role on bone metabolism was discovered in 1999. Several in vivo studies evaluated its role on osteoporosis and fracture healing, however, controversial results are seen in the literature. For this reason, Simvastatin has not been the focus of any clinical trials as yet. This systematic review clears the mechanisms of action of Simvastatin on bone metabolism and focuses on in vivo investigations that have evaluated its role on osteoporosis and fracture repair to find out (i) whether Simvastatin is effective on treatment of osteoporosis and fracture repair, and (ii) which of the many available protocols may have the ability to be translated in the clinical setting. Simvastatin induces osteoinduction by increasing osteoblast activity and differentiation and inhibiting their apoptosis. It also reduces osteoclastogenesis by decreasing both the number and activity of osteoclasts and their differentiation. Controversial results between the in vivo studies are mostly due to the differences in the route of administration, dose, dosage and carrier type. Local delivery of Simvastatin through controlled drug delivery systems with much lower doses and dosages than the systemic route seems to be the most valuable option in fracture healing. However, systemic delivery of Simvastatin with much higher doses and dosages than the clinical ones seems to be effective in managing osteoporosis. Simvastatin, in a particular range of doses and dosages, may be beneficial in managing osteoporosis and fracture injuries. This review showed that Simvastatin is effective in the treatment of osteoporosis and fracture healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moshiri
- RAZI Drug Research Centre, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- RAZI Drug Research Centre, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Oryan
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Study of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold containing simvastatin for bone healing. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2017; 15:e133-e141. [PMID: 28291900 PMCID: PMC6379770 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for the development of bone substitutes; for this purpose, three things are necessary: stem cells, a scaffold to allow tissue growth and factors that induce tissue regeneration. METHODS To congregate such efforts, we used the bioresorbable and biocompatible polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as scaffold. For the osteoinductive factor, we used simvastatin (SIM), a drug with a pleiotropic effect on bone growth. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured in PLGA containing SIM, and the bone substitute of PLGA/SIM/MSC was grafted into critical defects of rat calvaria. RESULTS The in vitro results showed that SIM directly interfered with the proliferation of MSC promoting cell death, while in the pure PLGA scaffold the MSC grew continuously. Scaffolds were implanted in the calvaria of rats and separated into groups: control (empty defect), PLGA pure, PLGA/SIM, PLGA/MSC and PLGA/SIM/MSC. The increase in bone growth was higher in the PLGA/SIM group. CONCLUSIONS We observed no improvement in the growth of bone tissue after implantation of the PLGA/SIM/MSC scaffold. As compared with in vitro results, our main hypothesis is that the microarchitecture of PLGA associated with low SIM release would have created an in vivo microenvironment of concentrated SIM that might have induced MSC death. However, our findings indicate that once implanted, both PLGA/SIM and PLGA/MSC contributed to bone formation. We suggest that strategies to maintain the viability of MSCs after cultivation in PLGA/SIM will contribute to improvement of bone regeneration.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang F, Liu X, Feng L, Zhu Q, Yan S, Guo R. Synthesis, characterisation and preliminary investigation of the haemocompatibility of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)–poly(ethyleneglycol)–poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymer for simvastatin delivery. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911517705405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanomedicine has provided advanced treatment opportunities for many diseases. Simvastatin, a widely used anti-lipidaemic drug, has potential for the treatment of orthopaedic diseases. However, the clinical application of simvastatin is limited because of its hydrophobicity and lack of distribution in osseous tissue. In this study, an amphiphilic nanoparticle, poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide)–poly(ethyleneglycol)–poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide), was synthesised to improve the biocompatibility of simvastatin. The haemocompatibility of the poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide)–poly(ethyleneglycol)–poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide) copolymer was investigated through its aggregation, morphology and lysis of human red blood cells, along with its impact on the clotting function according to the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and thromboelastographic assays. The results demonstrated that the poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide)–poly(ethyleneglycol)–poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide) copolymer with a concentration lower than 10 mg/mL had little impact on the aggregation, morphology or lysis of red blood cells, or on blood coagulation. Therefore, the copolymer may be a strong alternative candidate as an effective and safe drug carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longbao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shina Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sendyk DI, Deboni MCZ, Pannuti CM, Naclério-Homem MG, Wennerberg A. The influence of statins on osseointegration: a systematic review of animal model studies. J Oral Rehabil 2016; 43:873-882. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. I. Sendyk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Faculty of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. C. Z. Deboni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Faculty of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - C. M. Pannuti
- Division of Periodontics; Department of Stomatology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. G. Naclério-Homem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Faculty of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. Wennerberg
- Department of Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Malmö University; Malmö Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The influence of oral administration of rosuvastatin on calvarial bone healing in rats. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:1327-32. [PMID: 27527680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of the systemic administration of different doses of rosuvastatin (RSV) on autogenous grafted critical-sized cortical bone defects. Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: Group C (control), Group RSV-2 and Group RSV-5. A 5-mm diameter critical-size defect was created in the calvarium of each animal. In Group C, the defect was filled by autogenous graft only and rats were given saline solution with oral gavage for 28 days. In Group RSV-2 defects were filled with autogenous graft and rats were given 2 mg/kg rosuvastatin with oral gavage for 28 days. In Group RSV-5 defects were filled with autogenous graft and rats were given 5 mg/kg rosuvastatin with oral gavage for 28 days. All animals were euthanized at 28 days postoperative. Stereologic and micro-CT analyses were performed. New bone area (NBA) and connective tissue volumes were measured. Stereologic analysis showed that Group RSV-5 and RSV-2 had significantly more new bone at 4 weeks compared with group C. Connective tissue volumes were also significantly higher in RSV applicated groups. New bone and connective tissue volumes' difference were not statistically significant between RSV groups. Micro-CT results were similar with stereologic analyses. Orally administered RSV enhances bone regeneration in critical size calvarial rat defects filled with autogenous graft furthermore possible inflammatory effect should be investigated.
Collapse
|
13
|
The effect of the release behavior of simvastatin from different PLGA particles on bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo : Comparison of simvastatin-loaded PLGA microspheres and nanospheres. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
14
|
Jo JH, Choi SW, Choi JW, Paik DH, Kang SS, Kim SE, Jeon YC, Huh JB. Effects of different rhBMP-2 release profiles in defect areas around dental implants on bone regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 10:045007. [PMID: 26165987 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/4/045007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different rhBMP-2 release profiles in defect areas around dental implants on osseointegration and bone regeneration. Four beagle dogs (13-15 kg) were used. The defect was 3 mm deep and there was a 1 mm gap around the implant. Each of the four implants was installed on the right and left mandibular alveolar ridges. After the implants were placed, experimental groups were applied to the surrounding defect area (n = 8 in each group, the control group was not treated). The inject group was injected with rhBMP-2 solution directly. In the gel group, rhBMP-2 mixed with a hydrogel matrix was applied. In the particle-gel group, rhBMP-2-embedded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) microparticles mixed with hydrogel matrix were applied to maintain consistent release. Sequential fluorescent labeling and histological analysis were performed to evaluate the new bone formation and osseointegration in the defect area. In the control group, larger marginal bone loss was detected as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). The gel group showed significantly higher levels of BIC in the buccal and lingual defect areas compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). New-bone percentages in the inject and gel groups formed more new bone than in the particle-gel and control groups (P < 0.05). Despite the limitations of this study, the use of only hydrogel, which allows early release of rhBMP-2 followed by consistent extended release, showed better bone formation and osseointegration than simple injection or PLGA microparticles with hydrogel matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Jo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Biomedical Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, YangSan, 676-870, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Controlled release of simvastatin-loaded thermo-sensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel for bone tissue regeneration:in vitroandin vivocharacteristics. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3580-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
16
|
Effect of fibrate treatment on liver function tests in patients with the metabolic syndrome. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:14. [PMID: 24455467 PMCID: PMC3893320 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Fibrates are used especially in patients with hypertriglyceridaemia, a feature of the metabolic syndrome. Elevated LFTs are often observed in these patients perhaps related to fatty infiltration. Aim We wished to study changes seen in LFTs (GGT, ALT and ALP) following fibrate therapy and then determine associated factors. Methods This was a retrospective observational study in which data was collected from case notes of patients started on fibrates (n = 118, 2002–2008) in the lipid clinic at Good Hope Hospital and pre/post-fibrate lipid and LFT values were obtained. All biochemistry was performed on the Roche P-Unit using supplied reagents. Statistical analyses included t tests and regression analyses (factorised when quartiles were compared). Results Of the study population 106 patients were on fenofibrate; the remaining on bezafibrate. Significant lowering of GGT (p < 0.0001), ALT (p = 0.0014) and ALP (p < 0.0001) levels were observed following fibrate treatment. Baseline lipid (cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL) concentrations, alcohol intake, length of treatment, gender, concurrent statin treatment and diabetes did not correlate with these changes in LFT in a multiple regression analysis. Higher pre-fibrate GGT (p < 0.0001), ALT (p < 0.0001) and ALP (p < 0.0001) concentrations were associated with larger decreases in each of these tests respectively with the highest 2 quartiles (GGT > 57 IU/l, ALT > 34 IU/l and ALP > 94 IU/l) significantly different to the lowest quartile. The above associations remained significant even when the regression analyses were corrected for changes in lipid values (which did not show an association). Conclusions Fibrate treatment led to improvements in LFT, the greatest benefit seen in patients with higher baseline LFT values. It appears that baseline and changes in lipid values post fibrate treatment were not associated with change in LFT.
Collapse
|
17
|
Pullisaar H, Tiainen H, Landin MA, Lyngstadaas SP, Haugen HJ, Reseland JE, Ostrup E. Enhanced in vitro osteoblast differentiation on TiO2 scaffold coated with alginate hydrogel containing simvastatin. J Tissue Eng 2013; 4:2041731413515670. [PMID: 24555011 PMCID: PMC3927861 DOI: 10.1177/2041731413515670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional porous bone graft material as vehicle for simvastatin delivery and to investigate its effect on primary human osteoblasts from three donors. Highly porous titanium dioxide (TiO2) scaffolds were submerged into simvastatin containing alginate solution. Microstructure of scaffolds, visualized by scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography, revealed an evenly distributed alginate layer covering the surface of TiO2 scaffold struts. Progressive and sustained simvastatin release was observed for up to 19 days. No cytotoxic effects on osteoblasts were observed by scaffolds with simvastatin when compared to scaffolds without simvastatin. Expression of osteoblast markers (collagen type I alpha 1, alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenetic protein 2, osteoprotegerin, vascular endothelial growth factor A and osteocalcin) was quantified using real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. Secretion of osteoprotegerin, vascular endothelial growth factor A and osteocalcin was analysed by multiplex immunoassay (Luminex). The relative expression and secretion of osteocalcin was significantly increased by cells cultured on scaffolds with 10 µM simvastatin when compared to scaffolds without simvastatin after 21 days. In addition, secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A was significantly enhanced from cells cultured on scaffolds with both 10 nM and 10 µM simvastatin when compared to scaffolds without simvastatin at day 21. In conclusion, the results indicate that simvastatin-coated TiO2 scaffolds can support a sustained release of simvastatin and induce osteoblast differentiation. The combination of the physical properties of TiO2 scaffolds with the osteogenic effect of simvastatin may represent a new strategy for bone regeneration in defects where immediate load is wanted or unavailable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pullisaar
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Tiainen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria A Landin
- Oral Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle P Lyngstadaas
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håvard J Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne E Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Esben Ostrup
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Institute of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|