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Duong HT, Sirohi A, Baggett KM. Predicting Black Parents' Attitudes Toward Corporal Punishment: A Moderated-Mediation Model of Frequency and Valence of Childhood Experiences. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:2103-2126. [PMID: 38018530 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231214591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Child corporal punishment (CP) may lead to child physical abuse, which is a public health concern in the United States. The present study examined major risk factors predicting attitudes toward CP among a sample of Black parents (N = 394), including frequency and valence of experiences of CP during childhood, outcome expectancies of CP, and perceptions of self-efficacy and response efficacy of non-physical discipline strategies. Structural equation modeling results revealed that the indirect associations between CP frequency and attitudes through self-efficacy and response efficacy were moderated by CP valence. Results extend the literature and point to the need for incorporating information about efficacy of evidence-based non-physical discipline strategies into intervention messages targeting prevention of child physical abuse.
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Havighurst SS, Mathews B, Doyle FL, Haslam DM, Andriessen K, Cubillo C, Dawe S, Hawes DJ, Leung C, Mazzucchelli TG, Morawska A, Whittle S, Chainey C, Higgins DJ. Corporal punishment of children in Australia: The evidence-based case for legislative reform. Aust N Z J Public Health 2023:100044. [PMID: 37142485 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Across all of Australia's states and territories, it is legal for a parent or carer to hit their child. In this paper, we outline the legal context for corporal punishment in Australia and the argument for its reform. METHODS We review the laws that allow corporal punishment, the international agreements on children's rights, the evidence on the effects of corporal punishment, and outcomes of legislative reform in countries that have changed their laws to prohibit corporal punishment. RESULTS Legislative reform typically precedes attitude changes and reductions in the use of corporal punishment. Countries with the most ideal outcomes have instigated public health campaigns educating the population about law reform while also providing access to alternative non-violent discipline strategies. CONCLUSIONS Extensive evidence exists demonstrating the adverse effects of corporal punishment. When countries change legislation, educate the public about these effects, and provide alternative strategies for parents, rates of corporal punishment decrease. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH We recommend law reform in Australia to prohibit corporal punishment, a public health campaign to increase awareness of corporal punishment and its effects, provision of access for parents to alternative evidence-based strategies to assist in parenting, and a national parenting survey to monitor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie S Havighurst
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ben Mathews
- Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Frances L Doyle
- School of Psychology, MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | - Divna M Haslam
- Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Karl Andriessen
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Carmen Cubillo
- Aboriginal Medical Services Alliance, Northern Territory.
| | - Sharon Dawe
- Division of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - David J Hawes
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia.
| | - Cynthia Leung
- Mitchell Institute, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Trevor G Mazzucchelli
- Division of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Alina Morawska
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Carys Chainey
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Daryl J Higgins
- Institute of Child Protection Studies, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Gemara N, Nadan Y. "He Who Spareth the Rod Hateth His Son": Perceptions Regarding Corporal Punishment Among Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Fathers in Israel. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:79-101. [PMID: 32108541 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520908026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on the findings of substantial research, Western professionals today perceive corporal punishment as a threat to child well-being. They also view it as a violation of children's rights. Nonetheless, many minority groups in Western societies still consider it to be a legitimate child-rearing practice. In response to this gap, this article presents qualitative findings from an exploratory context-informed study of Ultra-Orthodox Jewish fathers in Israel, regarding their perceptions and ascribed meanings of corporal punishment. Our exploration was guided by the following research question: What are the constructions, perceptions, beliefs, and meanings associated with corporal punishment among Ultra-Orthodox Litvak fathers in Israel? The thematic analysis of 15 in-depth semi-structured interviews yielded two central themes. The first is the view of corporal punishment as an educational tool with legitimacy based on religious sources and emotion-focused rationales. The second theme deals with different limitations on and guidelines regarding this legitimacy. Children were struck as a result of behavior that parents experienced as extreme, and striking the child in response to religious wrongdoing was viewed as problematic. The fathers interviewed stressed the need to suit the punishment to the child, in terms of the intensity of the blow, frequency, and the age of the child. The fathers also emphasized the importance of the child's subjective experience being one of education as opposed to humiliation. Implications from these findings illustrate the gaps between the Ultra-Orthodox community and professionals who espouse the Western view that prohibits corporal punishment; at the same time, they portray the fathers as expressing an intricate approach toward corporal punishment, with conditions and limitations, as opposed to absolute approval. This article advocates a context-informed approach toward dealing with corporal punishment in minority groups that legitimize the practice. Adopting such an approach may contribute to better cooperation between professionals and their clients from minority groups, and advance child well-being.
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Feasibility of Using Child Maltreatment Measurement Instruments in the Primary Care Setting: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 61:e1-e14. [PMID: 33926746 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Child maltreatment is a devastating epidemic affecting millions of children and adolescents in the United States (U.S.) every year. Primary care providers (PCPs) encounter these victims but need resources to aid in the recognition of maltreatment. The purpose of this review is to evaluate child maltreatment measurement instruments and determine feasibility of use by U.S. PCPs. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo databases from 2014 until 2020. Eligibility criteria included articles conducted in the U.S., with use of a child maltreatment measurement instrument, and subjects less than 18 years old. Eligible articles were reference searched to find the original studies for each instrument and were included if they were published in a peer-reviewed paper, could be located, and addressed the development or validation of the instrument. SAMPLE Of the 3816 articles, 111 used a child maltreatment measurement instrument. Sixteen of the 27 identified instruments were evaluated for feasibility using a quality rating with criteria including psychometrics, construct measurement, administration, availability, and cost. RESULTS Six instruments were recommended for use by PCPs. CONCLUSIONS This is the first review evaluating the use of child maltreatment measurement instruments by PCPs and it highlights the combination of psychometric evaluation and other pertinent feasibility criteria to recommend several instruments for use by PCPs. IMPLICATIONS Use of these instruments by PCPs may serve to identify children and families who are at risk for or suffering from maltreatment.
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Beller J, Kröger C, Kliem S. Slapping Them Into Heaven? Individual and Social Religiosity, Religious Fundamentalism, and Belief in Heaven and Hell as Predictors of Support for Corporal Punishment. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP8482-NP8497. [PMID: 30994396 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519842857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Support for corporal punishment (CP) has been associated with religiosity. Yet, little is known about which aspects of religiosity predict support for CP. To close this gap in the literature, we investigated how individual and social religiosity, religious fundamentalism, belief in heaven, belief in hell, and demographic variables contribute for the support of CP. We analyzed population-based cross-sectional data, as gathered in the General Social Survey, with a final sample size of n = 671. Using ordinal regression, we found that increased support for CP was best predicted by belief in heaven and religious fundamentalism. These results suggest that support for CP seems to emerge mainly from absolute belief in divine reward and retribution. Religious parents might endorse CP as a means to ensure that their children enter heaven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sören Kliem
- Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany
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Clément MÈ, Dufour S, Gagné MH, Gilbert S. Prediction of health, education, and psychosocial professionals' attitudes in favor of parental use of corporal punishment. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2020; 109:104766. [PMID: 33069092 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there have been few studies pertaining to the knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of corporal punishment (CP) among professionals working with parents and children. Yet, many parents turn to these professionals for advice on child discipline. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe professionals' legal knowledge about parental use of CP and their attitudes toward this practice. METHOD A study was conducted among professionals working directly with children or their parents through an online questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1,758 respondents from three sectors of training (psychosocial, health, education) completed the questionnaire. RESULTS The results showed that professionals have little knowledge of the legal guidelines surrounding the use of CP in Canada. This poor knowledge as well as the perceived impacts of CP on children acted as predictors of favorable attitudes toward this disciplinary practice. According to the regression analyses, other personal and professional factors also explain a person's approval of CP, including violence in childhood, religious practice, and sources of knowledge. The results also highlighted some findings related to the respondents' professional sectors. CONCLUSIONS The study results emphasize the need to better train professionals by targeting cognitive, personal, as well as professional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Ève Clément
- Département de Psychoeducation et de Psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, 5 Rue Saint-Joseph, Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada.
| | - Sarah Dufour
- École de Psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sophie Gilbert
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Wolf JP, Dellor ED. Investigating Relationships Between Drinking Venues, Drinking Companions, and Corporal Punishment of Children. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2019; 24:45-55. [PMID: 30453766 PMCID: PMC7988428 DOI: 10.1177/1077559518811955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Limited evidence suggests that how much a parent drinks in a particular venue, such as a bar, restaurant, or a friend's home, is associated with use of corporal punishment. However, these relationships could differ depending on their drinking companions (e.g., spouse or friends). In this study, weighted zero-inflated Poisson models were used to examine whether the relationships between venue-specific drinking frequency, heavier drinking, and corporal punishment are moderated by drinking companions in a mixed-mode sample of parents ( n = 1,599). The relationships between drinking frequency, heavier drinking, and corporal punishment varied by drinking companions, with some combinations being protective and others conferring risk. While most alcohol screening tools focus on individual alcohol use, more nuanced assessment examining where and with whom parents are drinking could be helpful in understanding risk of physical discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Price Wolf
- Division of Social Work, California State University, Sacramento, 600 J Street Sacramento, CA 95812, United States
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Prevention Research Center, 180 Grand Avenue, Oakland, CA 94612, United States
| | - Elinam D. Dellor
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Prevention Research Center, 180 Grand Avenue, Oakland, CA 94612, United States
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