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Wang J, Yang QY, Chai DJ, Su Y, Jin QZ, Wang JH. The relationship between obesity associated weight-adjusted waist index and the prevalence of hypertension in US adults aged ≥60 years: a brief report. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1210669. [PMID: 37869197 PMCID: PMC10587597 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1210669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The main objective was to examine the relationship between weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and the prevalence of hypertension among individuals aged ≥60 years who participated in the NHANES between 2011 and 2018 years. Methods The data for this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. In this population-based study, we focused on participants who were over 60 years old. Data were collected from the aforementioned survey, and the variable of interest was WWI, which was calculated as waist (cm) divided by the square root of body weight (kg). Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to calculate adjusted ORs with 95% CIs in order to explore any possible correlation between WWI and the prevalence of hypertension. Subgroup analysis were used to verify the stability of the relationship between WWI and the prevalence of hypertension. The interaction tests were also conducted in this research. Results Results revealed that adults aged ≥60 years who were in the highest WWI quartile had significantly higher chances of developing hypertension when compared to those in the lowest quartile, after adjusting for covariates and potential confounders (p < 0.001). Conclusion These findings suggest that there is a strong correlation between elevated levels of WWI and the risk of developing hypertension among older adults. As such, WWI could serve as a unique and valuable biomarker for identifying hypertension risk at an earlier stage in the older adults population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, QuZhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Yu JJ, Ye JC. Resilience is associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviour recommendations attainment in Chinese university students. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101747. [PMID: 36996660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the associations of resilience with physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) recommendations attainment among university students by considering the sex of the participants. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 352 Chinese university students (131 males, 20.8 ± 2.18 years). PA and SB were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Resilience was measured using the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale with 25 items (CD-RISC-25). Attainment of PA and SB recommendations with different patterns was determined by referring to the global recommendations for adults. Mann-Whitney U tests and generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to determine sex differences in all outcomes and the contribution of resilience to the attainment of PA and SB recommendations, respectively. RESULTS The percentage of males who attained all patterns related to vigorous PA (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and SB recommendations was significantly higher than that of females. Males also scored significantly higher than females in the CD-RISC-25 final score (p < .01). GLMs results showed that, after adjusting for key confounders, resilience was a significant predictor of PA recommendations attainment in terms of minimum moderate PA (MPA), minimum MVPA, and adequate MVPA (all p < .05). CONCLUSION PA (at more intense levels), SB, and resilience among university students vary by sex, with males outperforming females. Regardless of sex, resilience is an important predictor for the attainment of PA and SB recommendations. Sex-specific resilience-building interventions should be developed to foster a physically active lifestyle among this population group.
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Beyer A, Schorgg P, Karavasiloglou N, Sarwar S, Rohrmann S, Bärnighausen T, Cassidy A, Connolly L, Kühn T. Urinary phthalate concentrations and mortality risk: A population-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113927. [PMID: 35868575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers. Laboratory-based mechanistic and epidemiological studies suggest that phthalates are detrimental to human health. Here, we present prospective analyses on phthalate exposure and all-cause, as well as cause-specific, mortality from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a population-based cohort. Between 1999 and 2018, urinary concentrations of 12 phthalate metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in spot urine samples of 10,881 adults aged 40-85 years, of which 2382 died over a median duration of 8.9 years after sample provision. Multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusted for a wide range of lifestyle factors and comorbidities showed that higher concentrations of mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) and Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were associated with increased mortality. The hazard ratios for participants in the highest quartiles of MBzP and MnBP concentrations were at 1.27 [95% confidence interval: 1.08, 1.49; p linear trend = 0.002] and 1.35 [1.13, 1.62; p linear trend = 0.005). These findings reinforce the need for monitoring of phthalate exposure in relation to health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Beyer
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paula Schorgg
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sneha Sarwar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA; Africa Health Research Institute, Somkhele and Durban, South Africa
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Lisa Connolly
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, UK.
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Yin Z, Yan H, Yu Y, Liu Y. Different associations between waist circumference and bone mineral density stratified by gender, age, and body mass index. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:786. [PMID: 35978347 PMCID: PMC9382731 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Investigations of the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and bone mineral density (BMD) have inconsistent and incomprehensive results. We explored the association between WC and BMD at various sites in a large-scale population-based study. Methods We screened 5337 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at various skeletal sites. The associations of WC with BMD were evaluated by weighted multivariable logistic regression models and conducted subgroup analyses for gender, age, and BMI. A weighted generalized additive model and a smooth curve fitting were performed to address non-linearity. Results Adjustments for all confounders, in males, WC was negatively correlated to BMD in different age and BMI groups (all the p < 0.05), except for in the lowest BMI group; in females, overall trends of relationships between WC and BMD were negative. However, statistical differences were insignificant in some cases. Additionally, every 1 cm increase in WC for individuals of all ages with normal BMI (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) was associated with decrease in BMD at each skeletal site, as was the case for men with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. For women, the negative association of WC with BMD was evident at the lumbar spine in the youngest age group (8 ≤ Age ≤ 18) with normal BMI. Conclusions The nonlinear associations between WC and BMD at various skeletal sites are gender-, age- and BMI-specific in the NHANES (2006–2006). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05736-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Haihong Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Administration Office, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
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Schorgg P, Karavasiloglou N, Beyer A, Cantwell M, Danquah I, Gojda J, Rohrmann S, Cassidy A, Bärnighausen T, Cahova M, Kühn T. Increased vitamin B6 turnover is associated with greater mortality risk in the general US population: A prospective biomarker study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1343-1356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chen S, Huang W, Zhou G, Sun X, Jin J, Li Z. Association between Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormone Indices and Bone Mineral Density in US Males. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:2205616. [PMID: 36340930 PMCID: PMC9629943 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2205616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thyroid hormone is acknowledged as a pivotal factor in skeletal development and adult bone maintenance. However, available data about the relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormone and bone mineral density (BMD) remain limited and conflicting. The purpose of the study was to explore the complex relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices and BMD using cross-sectional analysis. METHODS An overall sample of 3,107 males from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was studied in the study. The thyroid hormone sensitivity indices included free triiodothyronine/tree thyroxine (FT3/FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), and thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI). Given the complex study design and sample weights, the correlation between sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices and BMD was evaluated through multivariate linear regression models, and extra subgroup analyses were performed to examine the robustness of the results. RESULTS Among the 3,107 participants, we demonstrated that FT3/FT4 was negatively correlated with lumbar BMD (β = -0.0.35, 95% CI: -0.084-0.013, P < 0.05). In the terms of central sensitivity to thyroid hormone, TFQI showed a significant negative relationship with the BMD of the lumbar (β = -0.018, 95% CI: -0.033 to -0.003, P < 0.05), total femur (β = -0.020, 95% CI: -0.035 to -0.006, P < 0.01), and femur neck (β = -0.018, 95% CI: -0.031 to -0.005, P < 0.01). In the subgroup analyses stratified by body mass index (BMI), the significant negative correlation between TFQI and lumbar BMD remained in the male participants with BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS Decreased indices of sensitivity to thyroid hormones are strongly associated with increased lumbar BMD, suggesting that the dysfunction of peripheral and central response to thyroid hormone might contribute to bone loss. In addition, FT3/FT4 and TFQI were considered to be the preferable indicators to guide the prevention and clinical treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wucui Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guowei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohe Sun
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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MacCalman M, Harper LA, Anderson KG. Perceived Gender Match and Accepting Alcohol Offers From Peers in Emerging Adulthood. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 55:667-673. [PMID: 32548631 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Emerging adulthood (ages 18-25) has been associated with elevated alcohol use, yet little is known regarding gender identity and drinking contexts in this population. Our goals were to examine the effects of perceived gender match on alcohol use decision-making in social settings among emerging adults. METHODS Participants (N = 135; 64% white, 11 transgender) completed measures of alcohol consumption, alcohol expectancies and motives, and the Collegiate-Simulated Intoxication Digital Elicitation using an established Internet panel. We conducted a series of univariate analyses to examine the relation between perceived gender match and behavioral willingness (BW) to accept alcohol in a social context. RESULTS Participants identifying as men were significantly more likely to accept offers of alcohol when compared with women. While men and women did not differ in terms of BW when participants perceived a gender-matched actor making the offer, when there was a gender mismatch, women had significantly lower BW when compared with men. Though transgender participants were more likely to endorse hazardous drinking behaviors, there were no observable effects of transgender identity on BW. CONCLUSION In this sample, we found that men have a higher BW for alcohol than women and that trans identified persons are at increased risk for alcohol misuse. These findings support the need for more research examining the effect of gender identity on patterns of alcohol use and decision-making in mixed-gender contexts for emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle MacCalman
- Department of Psychology, Adolescent Health Research Program, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97202, USA
| | - Leia A Harper
- Department of Psychology, Adolescent Health Research Program, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97202, USA
| | - Kristen G Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Adolescent Health Research Program, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97202, USA
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Kühn T, Rohrmann S, Karavasiloglou N, Friedman DS, Cassidy A, Bärnighausen T, Schuster AK, Nickels S. Glaucoma and mortality risk: findings from a prospective population-based study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11771. [PMID: 34083666 PMCID: PMC8175711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease with a structural change of the optic nerve head, leading to visual field defects and ultimately blindness. It has been proposed that glaucoma is associated with increased mortality, but previous studies had methodological limitations (selective study samples, lack of data on potential confounders, self-reported or secondary data on glaucoma diagnoses). We evaluated the association between diagnosed glaucoma and mortality in the population-based National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a representative health survey in the United States. The survey cycles 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 included an extensive ophthalmic examination with fundus photography, which were used to derive standardized glaucoma diagnoses. Risk of all-cause mortality was assessed with multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models accounting for the complex survey design of NHANES. Time to death was calculated from the examination date to date of death or December 31, 2015 whichever came first. 5385 participants (52.5% women) were eligible, of which 138 had glaucoma at baseline, and 833 died during follow-up. Participants with glaucoma were more likely to be older than those without glaucoma (mean age 69.9 vs. 56.0 years). Mean follow-up time was 8.4 years for participants with glaucoma, and 8.6 years for participants without glaucoma. Glaucoma was associated with increased mortality in an unadjusted Cox regression model (hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval 1.16 to 3.66), but the association was no longer statistically significant after adjusting for age and sex (hazard ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 1.17). Additional adjustment for a range of potential confounders did not significantly change the results. In this representative population-based study, we found no evidence of increased mortality risk in glaucoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Kühn
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David S Friedman
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Schorgg P, Bärnighausen T, Rohrmann S, Cassidy A, Karavasiloglou N, Kühn T. Vitamin B6 Status among Vegetarians: Findings from a Population-Based Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051627. [PMID: 34066199 PMCID: PMC8150266 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B6 from plant foods may have lower bioavailability than vitamin B6 from animal foods, but studies on objectively measured vitamin B6 status among vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians are lacking. Thus, the vitamin B6 status among vegetarians, but also pescatarians, and flexitarians, compared to meat-eaters was assessed in the population-based NHANES study (cycles 2007–2008 and 2009–2010). Data on serum pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as dietary intakes from 24-h recalls were available for 8968 adults aged 20–80 years. Geometric mean (±standard error) PLP concentrations were 58.2 ± 6.0, 52.1 ± 3.7, 49.2 ± 4.6 and 51.0 ± 1.1 nmol/L among vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians, and meat-eaters. The 4-PA concentrations were 32.7 ± 4.0, 29.0 ± 2.5, 34.8 ± 5.6 and 33.0 ± 0.7, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in PLP, 4-PA, and their ratio across the groups in multivariable linear regression models. Overall, the use of vitamin B6 supplements was the strongest predictor of the vitamin B6 status, followed by the dietary vitamin B6 intake. Interestingly, several other covariates were significantly associated with vitamin B6 biomarker levels, particularly serum albumin, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, and should be considered when assessing the vitamin B6 status. In summary, our findings suggest that a vegetarian diet does not pose a risk for vitamin B6 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Schorgg
- Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
| | - Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Matin J, Lucia RM, Lal K, Columbus A, Goodman D, Larsen K, Ziogas A, Park HL. Factors Associated with Women's Unwillingness to Decrease Alcohol Intake to Decrease Breast Cancer Risk. J Prim Care Community Health 2021; 12:21501327211000211. [PMID: 33749348 PMCID: PMC7983428 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol intake is a known risk factor for breast cancer. National organizations recommend that women consume no more than one serving of alcohol per day, if at all; however, many women exceed this recommendation, and some are unwilling to decrease consumption. Our study sought to identify factors associated with women's unwillingness to decrease their alcohol intake to decrease their breast cancer risk. METHODS 942 women in a screening mammography cohort were asked questions about their demographics, personal and family health history, lifestyle factors, and willingness/unwillingness to decrease alcohol intake to decrease their breast cancer risk. Univariate and multivariate analyzes of their responses were performed. RESULTS 13.2% of women in our cohort indicated they were unwilling to decrease their alcohol intake to reduce their breast cancer risk. After adjusting for potential confounders, women who were 60 years and older were more than twice as unwilling to decrease their alcohol intake compared to their younger counterparts (P = .0002). Women who had an annual household income of more than $200,000 were 1.75 times more unwilling to decrease their alcohol intake compared to their less affluent counterparts (P = .033). Unwillingness was not significantly associated with race/ethnicity, education, having a first-degree family member with cancer, health perception, breast cancer risk perception, or BMI. CONCLUSIONS Levels of unwillingness to decrease alcohol intake differed by age and household income. An opportunity is present to potentially decrease breast cancer risk in the community by educating women, especially older and more affluent women, about alcohol as a risk factor for breast cancer and the importance of limiting one's alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Matin
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Krustina Lal
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa Columbus
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Goodman
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn Larsen
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Lui Park
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Yin X, Chen M, He R, Wu S, Xia H, Xie F, Wang H. Association of leisure sedentary time with common chronic disease risk factors: A longitudinal study of China Health and Nutrition Surveys. Int J Health Plann Manage 2020; 36:100-112. [PMID: 32909306 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the common risk factors were identified and controlled for many years, the overall prevalence of chronic diseases continued to increase in China. OBJECTIVE We presumed the leisure sedentariness as a latent but pivotal factor of chronic diseases, and examined its distribution and changing trend, analysed its interaction effects on common risk factors, which could provide a new perspective for the prevention and management. METHODS A total of 5013 participants were screened out from China Health and Nutrition Survey. Random-effects ordered logistic models were used for ordinal dependent variables, and fixed-effects or random-effects logit models were used for binary dependent variables. RESULTS From 2004 to 2011, the prevalence of high leisure sedentary time (LSED) increased by 58.58%. Members of the high LSED group were likely to choose fast food, salty snacks, soft drinks and more likely to smoke or drink alcohol compared with those of the low LSED group. However, they preferred walking, sports and body building more than those of the low LSED group. CONCLUSIONS For the unhealthy dietary, tobacco and alcohol consumption, more targeted introduction and guidance related to sedentary time should be promoted. Meanwhile, the appeal for physical exercise as well as adequate facilities should be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Yin
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minfang Chen
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruibo He
- School of Finance and Public Administration, Hubei University of Economics, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjie Xia
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feili Xie
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huajing Wang
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Darimont T, Karavasiloglou N, Hysaj O, Richard A, Rohrmann S. Body weight and self-perception are associated with depression: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:929-934. [PMID: 32664034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite evidence suggesting that perceptual body image measurements are strongly associated with depression, few studies examined the association between perceptual body image and depression in adults. This study aimed to investigate the association of different measures of perceptual body image measurements with depression. METHODS We analyzed data of 22,735 adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005 and 2016. Depression was ascertained using the validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and depression was defined as PHQ score ≥10. The associations of measured body mass index (BMI) and body image (i.e., self-reported BMI, BMI discordance, perceived weight, and desired weight) with depression were assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS Women perceiving themselves as overweight or reporting their BMI as obese had significantly higher odds of depression (odds ratio [OR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-1.72 and 1.29, 1.04-1.60, respectively) compared to women perceiving themselves as about the right weight or reporting their BMI as normal. The association between perceived overweight and depression was independent of measured BMI (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.09-1.72). Men perceiving themselves as underweight had higher odds of depression (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.06-2.11) than men perceiving themselves as about the right weight. In women, but not in men, measured obesity was associated with higher odds of depression. LIMITATIONS The study's cross-sectional design and missing information on comorbidities. CONCLUSION Weight perception (in women and men), measured BMI and BMI discordance in women are associated with depression..
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobia Darimont
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ola Hysaj
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aline Richard
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Yuan F, Wu M, Li W, Zhang H. The effect of self-perceived stress, the history of smoking and drinking on weight status in Chinese adults - evidence from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey: A cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21159. [PMID: 32756093 PMCID: PMC7402808 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Being overweight and obese is a serious public health issues in China. However, the effects of substance use and mental factors on weight changes remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association among self-perceived stress, history of smoking and drinking, and weight status by using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2015.A total of 8028 adults were selected from China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2015. The self-reported data primarily included sociodemographic data, self-perceived stress scores, and history of smoking and drinking. Physical measurements including height and weight were logged to calculate body mass index. Multivariate and multinomial regression models were used to estimate effects of substance and perceived stress on weight status.The prevalence of underweight and overweight/obese people were 4.52% and 51.51% in Chinese adults, respectively. Adults with high perceived stress were negatively associated with being overweight and obese (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66-0.97 in the middle level and OR = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.55-0.88 in the high level). Adults with history of smoking had low risk of being overweight/obese (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.62-0.82). Adults with history of drinking had high risk of overweight/obese (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.06-1.40). In addition, the association between drinking and overweight/obese was affected by different levels of perceived stress (OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 0.83-1.59 in low-stress group and OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.04-1.94 in high-stress group).The effects of self-perceived stress and history of smoking as well as drinking on weight status were significant in this study. The government and healthcare policymakers should strengthen early psychological factor and behavioral intervention to decrease the prevalence of abnormal-weight status.
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Karavasiloglou N, Selinger E, Gojda J, Rohrmann S, Kühn T. Differences in Bone Mineral Density between Adult Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians Become Marginal when Accounting for Differences in Anthropometric Factors. J Nutr 2020; 150:1266-1271. [PMID: 32055831 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons following plant-based diets have lower bone mineral density (BMD) and higher fracture risk, possibly due to suboptimal nutrient supply. However, anthropometric measures were not considered as potential confounders in many previous studies, and body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with BMD but also generally lower among vegans and vegetarians. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to investigate if BMD measurements differ between vegetarians and nonvegetarians from the adult general population when accounting for important determinants of BMD, especially BMI and waist circumference. METHODS Using data from the NHANES (cycles 2007-2008 and 2009-2010), we evaluated the differences in BMD (femoral neck, total femoral, and total lumbar spine) between adult vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Linear regression models were used to determine the associations between BMD and diet. Statistical models were adjusted for important factors, i.e., age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, serum vitamin D and calcium concentrations, waist circumference, and BMI. RESULTS In statistical models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, menopausal status, and education level, BMD values were significantly lower among vegetarians than among nonvegetarians (P < 0.001). These differences were attenuated upon adjustment for lifestyle factors, and became statistically nonsignificant upon adjustment for anthropometric variables (BMI and waist circumference) for femoral neck (0.77 compared with 0.79 g/cm2 among vegetarians versus nonvegetarians, P = 0.10) and total femoral BMD (0.88 compared with 0.90 g/cm2, P = 0.12). A small but statistically significant difference remained for total lumbar spine BMD (1.01 compared with 1.04 g/cm2, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that lower BMD among adult vegetarians is in larger parts explained by lower BMI and waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Institute for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eliska Selinger
- Centre for Research on Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition of Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gojda
- Centre for Research on Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition of Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Institute for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Weinstock J, Petry NM, Pescatello LS, Henderson CE, Nelson CR. Randomized clinical trial of exercise for nontreatment seeking adults with alcohol use disorder. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2019; 34:65-75. [PMID: 31424244 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) do not seek professional help despite its significant consequences upon the individual and society. Current interventions for nontreatment seeking individuals with AUD (e.g., screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment [SBIRT]) have limited efficacy and alternative nonstigmatizing approaches are needed. This randomized clinical trial examined the utility of exercise as an intervention for sedentary nontreatment seeking adults with AUD. Participants (N = 66) were randomized to receive (a) a 4-month YMCA gym membership only (MO) or (b) a 4-month YMCA gym membership plus a 16-week integrated motivational intervention for exercise consisting of motivational interviewing and contingency management (MI + CM). Participants in both study conditions significantly increased their exercise behavior compared to baseline, and the MI + CM participants exercised significantly more often and an overall larger volume of exercise than the MO participants (ds > 2.0). Significant reductions in drinking and alcohol-related consequences were noted over time but did not differ significantly by study condition and were not related to changes in exercise. Future interventions using exercise as an intervention for AUD may want to frame this type of intervention as "wellness," directly link the 2 behaviors, and compare this intervention to SBIRT. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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