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Channell Doig A, Jasczynski M, Sah S, Marin Gutierrez FX, Hillig E, Bae K, Garmchi S, Reynolds K, Zelaya S, Aparicio EM. Resilient Infant Feeding Among Young Women With Histories of Maltreatment and Poor Support. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2024:S0884-2175(24)00070-4. [PMID: 38782046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how young women with histories of maltreatment describe their experiences and decisions around infant feeding. DESIGN Secondary qualitative analysis using supplementary analysis. SETTING Washington, DC; Baltimore, MD; and their respective suburbs. PARTICIPANTS Young women with histories of being abused or neglected as children or adolescents and who gave birth to one child before age 19 years (N = 9). METHODS We collected data through in-depth semistructured interviews and analyzed them using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS The analysis resulted in three themes: Infant Feeding Intention, Identifying Challenges and Persistence, and Pivoting to What Is Feasible. Participants felt that breastfeeding was valuable and wanted to be able to breastfeed their children. They continued to provide human milk through painful latches and a lack of support and guidance, but formula became the only viable option for many of them. CONCLUSION Despite wanting to breastfeed and continuing through barriers, many participants could not continue to breastfeed as long as they wanted because of a systemic lack of support. These findings indicate a need to support young women with histories of maltreatment through increased and consistent access to lactation support providers and trauma-informed care. Nurses and other clinicians are uniquely positioned to support young women with histories of maltreatment to overcome barriers related to breastfeeding.
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Beltran-Silva F, McInnis N. Relationship Between Sex-Specific Labor Market Performance and Breastfeeding Prevalence. J Hum Lact 2024; 40:318-327. [PMID: 38454611 DOI: 10.1177/08903344241230547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has explored the association between women's employment status and breastfeeding at the individual level, however; a notable gap in scholarly inquiry exists regarding the relationship between labor market performance and breastfeeding at the population level. RESEARCH AIM The aim of this paper is to investigate the association between labor market performance and breastfeeding prevalence in the United States. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the association between labor market performance and the prevalence of breastfeeding. Our analysis is conducted at the state level using data published up to late 2021 from the Current Population Survey and the National Immunization Survey. The first dataset was used to construct aggregate and sex-specific state level indicators of labor market performance for both males and females. The second dataset supplied the proportion of mothers breastfeeding for the corresponding birth cohort from each state. RESULTS Higher average weekly hours worked by females in the year before giving birth was associated with a lower prevalence of breastfeeding, but employment rates among females did not significantly affect breastfeeding prevalence. Among males, current employment rates were positively associated with breastfeeding prevalence; however, no significant relationship was observed between breastfeeding prevalence and average weekly work hours worked. CONCLUSION Sex-specific labor market performance may play a role in breastfeeding decisions and the timing of labor market performance relative to childbirth is important. Furthermore, these results highlight that employment rates and hours worked might be associated with child health through breastfeeding prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Beltran-Silva
- Bookstein Hall David Nazarian College of Business and Economics, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Nicardo McInnis
- Bookstein Hall David Nazarian College of Business and Economics, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
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Nelson AM. A Quasi-realist Synthesis Investigating Professional Breastfeeding Support Failure. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2023; 37:59-83. [PMID: 36792316 DOI: 10.1891/rtnp-2022-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background/Purpose: To conduct a synthesis based on a realist perspective, -investigating how professional breastfeeding support can sometimes be ineffective and/or unsatisfactory from the viewpoint of the mother and fail to address the needs of the breastfeeding dyad. Methods: An innovative, targeted "quasi-realist" -synthesis technique was used to explore the context of the interpersonal relationships through which professional breastfeeding intervention is delivered and identify any unintended mechanisms and/or consequences. Results: Multiple expressions of failed breastfeeding support were revealed which had a negative impact on maternal empowerment, informed decision-making, and breastfeeding self-efficacy. The overarching theme, inadequate breastfeeding information/ support, was elucidated by several subthemes: giving inconsistent/contradictory advice, use of the hands-on approach, provision of insensitive care, and making parents feel scrutinized/judged Mothers who experienced inadequate breastfeeding information/support often resorted to the mechanism of duplicity/evasion and withdrew from seeking or following further professional advice. Finally, unintended consequences of not breastfeeding as recommended included feelings of guilt and a sense of failure This was particularly true for mothers who intended to exclusively breastfeed. Implications for Practice: The findings of this unique synthesis suggest that to sustain breastfeeding support relationships and prevent unintentional consequences of inadequate support, professionals must pay more attention to the manner in which breastfeeding intervention is provided. The findings also suggest that they must strive to provide more consistent, engaging, -sensitive, and nonjudgmental care that better meets the needs of breastfeeding dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M Nelson
- Department of Nursing, Saint Anselm College, Manchester, New Hampshire, USA
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Al-Faraj AO, Pang TD. Breastfeeding recommendations for women taking anti-seizure medications. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 136:108769. [PMID: 35690572 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The literature regarding breastfeeding and effects of anti-seizure medication (ASM) exposure on the breastfed infant has been evolving rapidly over the last decade as new studies advance our understanding of the extent of medication exposure via breastfeeding and the long-term developmental outcomes of breastfed infants. Currently, strong evidence supports the safety of breastfeeding for women with epilepsy (WWE) taking most prescribed ASMs. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the data regarding ASM exposure in breastfed infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes in breastfed infants of mothers taking various ASMs. In addition, we present current breastfeeding recommendations and the reported adverse effects of various ASMs to facilitate decision making in the clinical care of WWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar O Al-Faraj
- Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Trudy D Pang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, United States.
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Grubesic TH, Durbin KM. Breastfeeding, Community Vulnerability, Resilience, and Disasters: A Snapshot of the United States Gulf Coast. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11847. [PMID: 36231150 PMCID: PMC9564847 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-induced disasters are increasing in intensity and frequency in the United States. Infant feeding in the aftermath of an extreme event is particularly challenging, especially given large variations in community vulnerability and resilience. The aim of this study was to identify the physical, social, and spatial vulnerabilities of communities along the Gulf Coast and highlight locations where high (or low) breastfeeding initiation rates have the potential to offset (or exacerbate) infant feeding challenges in the wake of a disaster. We structured this study as a retrospective, spatial data analysis of breastfeeding initiation, the risk for extreme events, social vulnerability, and community resilience to uncover locations that may need post-disaster intervention. The results suggested that significant gaps in the geographic distribution of community risk, vulnerability, resilience, and breastfeeding initiation existed. While many metropolitan areas benefitted from high breastfeeding initiation rates, they were also the most "at risk" for disasters. Conversely, many rural communities faced less risk for extreme events but exhibited more social vulnerability and less resilience should a disaster strike. Prioritizing emergency response resources to support infant feeding after a disaster is critically important, but urban and rural communities have divergent profiles that will require variable strategies to ensure recovery. Our results highlight this variability and provide prescriptive guidance regarding where to potentially allocate emergency resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony H. Grubesic
- Center for Geospatial Sciences, School of Public Policy, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Komaroff AR, Forest S. Lessons Learned from the Pandemic—We Can Do Better. CLINICAL LACTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1891/cl-2021-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many breastfeeding issues can be addressed with postpartum lactation support. However, COVID-19 presented new challenges for the breastfeeding dyad with a disruption in normal healthcare practices. The objective of the study was to examine new mothers’ breastfeeding intentions and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A 40-question survey was administered to a convenience sample of 50 new mothers during April–June 2020. Findings revealed most mothers (52%) had the intention to breastfeed for one year or longer. However, at the time of hospital discharge only 34% of mothers were exclusively breastfeeding and 60% of mothers were supplementing with formula within the first four days of life. Recommendations for bridging the gap between the hospital and primary care setting include educating providers and nurses on breastfeeding management practices, increasing hospital lactation support, and using telelactation to provide remote support to mothers.
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Hackman NM, Sznajder KK, Kjerulff KH. Paternal Education and Its Impact on Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration: An Understudied and Often Overlooked Factor in U.S. Breastfeeding Practices. Breastfeed Med 2022; 17:429-436. [PMID: 35180349 PMCID: PMC9127829 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2021.0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The primary objective was to determine the role that paternal education level plays in the initiation and duration of breastfeeding for their infants. Materials and Methods: As part of a prospective cohort study, primiparous women, aged 18-35 years, living in Pennsylvania, were enrolled and interviewed during pregnancy (N = 3,006) and at 1 and 6 months postpartum. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between paternal education level and breastfeeding initiation and duration, controlling for maternal education level and other covariates-including marital/relationship status, household poverty level, maternal age, race/ethnicity, smoking, attending breastfeeding class during pregnancy, mode of delivery, gestational age, and plans to return to work ≤2 months after delivery. Results: Information on both paternal and maternal education levels and breastfeeding outcomes was available for 2,839 couples. Most of the women reported that they planned to breastfeed (92.5%); 92.0% initiated breastfeeding; and 49.5% of those who initiated breastfeeding were still breastfeeding by 6 months postpartum. Paternal education level was independently associated with breastfeeding initiation and duration in both regression models-the higher the level of education of the father, the more likely breastfeeding was initiated and the mother was still breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum, even after controlling for maternal education level and other relevant covariates. Conclusions: In this large prospective cohort study of first-time mothers and their newborns, paternal education level was independently associated with breastfeeding initiation and duration. These findings highlight the importance of including the father in prenatal breastfeeding education initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hackman
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristin K Sznajder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristen H Kjerulff
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Snyder K, Hulse E, Dingman H, Cantrell A, Hanson C, Dinkel D. Examining supports and barriers to breastfeeding through a socio-ecological lens: a qualitative study. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:52. [PMID: 34247633 PMCID: PMC8273968 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early breastfeeding cessation is a societal concern given its importance to the health of mother and child. More effective interventions are needed to increase breastfeeding duration. Prior to developing such interventions more research is needed to examine breastfeeding supports and barriers from the perspective of breastfeeding stakeholders. One such framework that can be utilized is the Socio-Ecological Model which stems from Urie Broffenbrenner's early theoretical frameworks (1973-1979). The purpose of this study was to examine supports and barriers to breastfeeding across environmental systems. METHODS A total of 49 representatives participated in a telephone interview in Nebraska, USA in 2019. Interviewees represented various levels of the model, based on their current breastfeeding experience (i.e., mother or significant other) or occupation. A direct content analysis was performed as well as a constant comparative analysis to determine differences between level representatives. RESULTS At the Individual level, breastfeeding is a valued behavior, however, women are hindered by exhaustion, isolation, and the time commitment of breastfeeding. At the Interpersonal level, social media, peer-to-peer, and family were identified as supports for breastfeeding, however lack of familial support was also identified as a barrier. At the community level, participants were split between identifying cultural acceptance of breastfeeding as support or barrier. At the organizational level, hospitals had supportive breastfeeding friendly policies in place however lacked enough personnel with breastfeeding expertise. At the policy level, breastfeeding legislation is supportive, however, more specific breastfeeding legislation is needed to ensure workplace breastfeeding protections. CONCLUSION Future efforts should target hospital-community partnerships, family-centered education, evidence-based social media strategies and improved breastfeeding legislation to ensure breastfeeding women receive effective support throughout their breastfeeding journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailey Snyder
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Emily Hulse
- Center for the Child & Community, Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Holly Dingman
- Center for the Child & Community, Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Corrine Hanson
- Medical Nutrition Education, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Danae Dinkel
- School of Health & Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
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Grubesic TH, Durbin KM. The complex geographies of telelactation and access to community breastfeeding support in the state of Ohio. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242457. [PMID: 33232335 PMCID: PMC7685454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of breastfeeding support resources, including those provided by Baby-Friendly Hospitals, International Board Certified Lactation Consultants, breastfeeding counselors and educators, and volunteer-based mother-to-mother support organizations, such as La Leche League, are critically important for influencing breastfeeding initiation and continuation for the mother-child dyad. In addition, the emergence of community support options via information and communication technologies such as Skype and Facetime, social media (e.g., Facebook), and telelactation providers are providing mothers with a new range of support options that can help bridge geographic barriers to traditional community support. However, telelactation services that use information and communication technologies to connect breastfeeding mothers to remotely located breastfeeding experts require reliable, affordable, high-quality broadband connections to facilitate interaction between mothers and their support resources. The purpose of this paper is to explore the complex spatial landscape of virtual and face-to-face breastfeeding support options for mothers in the state of Ohio (U.S.), identifying barriers to support. Using a range of spatial and network analytics, the results suggest that a divide is emerging. While urban areas in Ohio benefit from both a density of face-to-face breastfeeding support resources and robust broadband options for engaging in telelactation, many rural areas of the state are lacking access to both. Policy implications and several potential strategies for mitigating these inequities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony H. Grubesic
- Geoinformatics & Policy Analytics Laboratory, School of Information, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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The impact on the exclusive breastfeeding rate at 6 months of life of introducing supplementary donor milk into the level 1 newborn nursery. J Perinatol 2020; 40:1109-1114. [PMID: 32231257 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-0657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored whether donor-milk supplementation increases breastfeeding exclusivity at 6 months of life. In 10/2015, we implemented donor milk for breastfed newborns who needed nutritional supplements for hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and >8% weight loss at 40 h of life. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective chart review on 122 qualified neonates admitted to newborn nursery at University of Florida Jacksonville 4 months before donor-milk implementation and 6 months after. RESULTS 73 (60%) of the neonates received formula and 49 (40%) received donor milk. 39 (54%) in the formula group and 33 (46%) in the donor-milk group were surveyed after 6 months of life. Multivariate logistic regression showed that newborns who received donor milk had five times greater odds of being exclusively breastfed at 6 months of life. CONCLUSIONS Donor milk as feeding supplementation for newborns is associated with increased exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months of life.
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