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Miller LR, Reed C, Divers R, Calamia M. Baseline Differences in Driving Frequency as a Predictor of Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2024; 37:14-23. [PMID: 37148269 DOI: 10.1177/08919887231175436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To extend prior research by examining daily driving frequency as a predictor of cognitive decline and later diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS 1,426 older adults completed batteries of questionnaires and neuropsychological tests at baseline and yearly follow-ups (M = 6.8, SD = 4.9). Linear mixed effects models were estimated to examine whether daily driving frequency at baseline was predictive of cognitive decline while accounting for IADLs, mobility, depression, and demographics. Cox regression was used to examine driving frequency as a predictor of Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. RESULTS Less daily driving frequency was associated with greater decline in all cognitive domains over time except for working memory. Although driving frequency was associated with these changes in cognition, it did not uniquely predict the development of Alzheimer's disease when accounting for other factors (eg, other IADLs). CONCLUSIONS Our findings extend prior research linking driving cessation to greater levels of cognitive decline. Future work might benefit from examining the utility of driving habits (especially changes in driving) as measures of everyday functioning in older adult evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Miller
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Christopher Reed
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Ross Divers
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Matthew Calamia
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Fernández MP, Labra JA, Menor J, Alegre E. Analysis of Convergent Validity of Performance-Based Activities of Daily Living Assessed by PA-IADL Test in Relation to Traditional (Standard) Cognitive Assessment to Identify Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:975. [PMID: 38131831 PMCID: PMC10740513 DOI: 10.3390/bs13120975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Difficulty in performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) is currently considered an important indicator of cognitive impairment in the elderly. A non-experimental case-control investigation was conducted to assess the convergent validity of the PA-IADL with traditional (standard) cognitive assessment tests in its ability to identify adults with mild cognitive impairment. The analysis of the data was carried out by means of various multivariate statistical tests, and the sequence in its execution led to the conclusion that 8 of the 12 Tasks that make up the PA-IADL allow for the identification of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to the same extent as traditional cognitive assessment tests and regardless of age. Age was found to be a moderating variable in the performance of the eight tasks; however, the results allow us to hypothesize that people with MCI experience a significant decline when it happens but thereafter, the deterioration that occurs does so at the same rate as the deterioration experienced by healthy people. They also allow us to hypothesize that the difference in the cognitive skills required by the eight functional tasks, and therefore also in the cognitive skills required by the traditional (standard) tests of a person with MCI compared to a person of the same age without MCI (Healthy), is approximately 10 years. These hypotheses have remarkable relevance and should be tested via longitudinal research. In the meantime, the results highlight the importance of the IADL assessment for the diagnosis of MCI as a complement to the standard cognitive assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Paula Fernández
- Department of Psychology, Oviedo University, Plaza de Feijoo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; (M.P.F.); (J.M.)
| | - José Antonio Labra
- Department of Psychology, Oviedo University, Plaza de Feijoo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; (M.P.F.); (J.M.)
| | - Julio Menor
- Department of Psychology, Oviedo University, Plaza de Feijoo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; (M.P.F.); (J.M.)
| | - Eva Alegre
- Department of Well-Being and Health, Town Hall of Villaquilambre, 24193 Villaquilambre, Spain;
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Wu C, Ye J, Li S, Wu J, Wang C, Yuan L, Wang H, Pan Y, Huang X, Zhong X, Huang M, Guo J, Ning Y, Xiao A. Predictors of everyday functional impairment in older patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:1081620. [PMID: 36741560 PMCID: PMC9889971 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1081620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigates the prevalence of everyday functional impairment among older adults with schizophrenia and builds a predictive model of functional decline. Methods A total of 113 hospitalized older patients enrolled in this study. Functional impairment is defined according to the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). Patients who scored <9 could function independently daily, while those who scored ≥9 had problems in everyday functional activities. Data collected include sociodemographic characteristics, depressive symptoms, social support, and physical comorbidities, which were classified according to the eight anatomical systems of the human body. Results The sample comprised 75% female participants with a mean age of 63.74 ± 7.42 years old. A total of 33.6% had a functional impairment, while cognitive impairment was present in 63.7%. Independent participants had better urinary system and respiratory system health (P < 0.05). After adjusting for the potential confounders of age, disease course, physical comorbidities, psychiatric symptoms, the ability to independently carry out daily activities, and cognitive function, we found that impaired everyday function is associated with poor cognition, depressive symptoms, first admission, psychiatric symptoms (especially positive symptoms), ADL, and respiratory and urinary system diseases. Conclusion Everyday functional capacity is predicted by disease course, admission time, cognition, depressive symptoms, severity of psychosis, ability to carry out daily activities, and respiratory and urinary system health status. Urinary system diseases contribute significantly to the prediction of impaired function. Future studies should focus on health status, drug use, and everyday functional recovery in older patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Wu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Junrong Ye
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialan Wu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lexin Yuan
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyun Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Pan
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingxiao Huang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhong
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Meilian Huang
- Department of Nursing, The Third People’s Hospital of North Guangdong, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianxiong Guo
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Office, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Aixiang Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
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Ruiz-Adame M, Ibañez A, Mollayeva T, Trépel D. Association Between Neuroticism and Dementia on Healthcare Use: A Multi-Level Analysis Across 27 Countries from The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:181-193. [PMID: 37482998 PMCID: PMC11194739 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with high levels of neuroticism are greater users of health services. Similarly, people with dementia have a higher risk of hospitalization and medical visits. As a result, dementia and a high level of neuroticism increase healthcare use (HCU). However, how these joint factors impact the HCU at the population level is unknown. Similarly, no previous study has assessed the degree of generalization of such impacts, considering relevant variables including age, gender, socioeconomic, and country-level variability. OBJECTIVE To examine how neuroticism and dementia interact in the HCU. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 76,561 people (2.4% with dementia) from 27 European countries and Israel. Data were analyzed with six steps multilevel non-binomial regression modeling, a statistical method that accounts for correlation in the data taken within the same participant. RESULTS Both dementia (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR): 1.537; α= 0.000) and neuroticism (IRR: 1.122; α= 0.000) increased the HCU. The effect of having dementia and the level of neuroticism increased the HCU: around 53.67% for the case of having dementia, and 12.05% for each increment in the level of neuroticism. Conversely, high levels of neuroticism in dementia decreased HCU (IRR: 0.962; α= 0.073). These results remained robust when controlling for age, gender, socioeconomic, and country-levels effects. CONCLUSION Contrary to previous findings, neuroticism trait in people with dementia decreases the HCU across sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and country heterogeneity. These results, which take into account this personality trait among people with dementia, are relevant for the planning of health and social services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ruiz-Adame
- Applied Economic Department, University of Granada, Campus of Melilla, Melilla, Spain
- Trépel Laboratory, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agustín Ibañez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center & CONICET, Universidad de San Andres, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Predictive Brain Health Modelling, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tatyana Mollayeva
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehab, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dominic Trépel
- Trépel Laboratory, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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