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Baranik LE, Zhu Y, Wang M, Zhuang W. When does witnessing patient mistreatment hurt nurses' performance? Gauging the moderation roles of self-concern and other-orientation. JOURNAL OF MANAGERIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jmp-05-2020-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeResearch has found that the effects of directly experiencing mistreatment at work are consistently negative; however, results from studies examining employees' reactions to witnessing mistreatment are less consistent. This study focuses on nurses witnessing patient mistreatment in order to examine how third parties respond when witnessing patients mistreating co-workers. We argue that nurses high on other-orientation are less likely to experience emotion exhaustion in the face of witnessing patient mistreatment, whereas nurses high on self-concern are more likely to experience emotional exhaustion. We further argue that the indirect effect of witnessing patient mistreatment on job performance through emotional exhaustion is moderated by other-orientation and self-concern.Design/methodology/approachWe used data collected at two time points, with six months apart, from 287 nurses working in a hospital. The study tests the hypotheses by using multiple regression analyses.FindingsEmotional exhaustion mediated the relationships between witnessing patient mistreatment and two forms of job performance: patient care behaviors and counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, other-orientation moderated these indirect relationships such that the indirect relationships were weaker when other-orientation was high (vs. low). Self-concern did not moderate these relationships.Practical implicationsService and care-oriented businesses may protect their employees from the risk of burnout by promoting prosocial orientation among their patient and customer-facing employees.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the detrimental effects of witnessing patient mistreatment on nurses' performance. It also extends the current understanding of why and when witnessing patient mistreatment is related to performance by demonstrating the joint effects of witnessing patient mistreatment and an individual difference construct, other-orientation on employees' performance.
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Nair JM, Merring P, Jones B, Guney S. An Exploration of Characteristics and Behavioral Traits of DAISY Honorees and Nominees: A Qualitative Study. J Nurs Adm 2021; 51:26-32. [PMID: 33278198 DOI: 10.1097/nna.0000000000000962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the literature, an abundance of stories exist describing patient situations and caregiver actions, but only 2 studies were identified that outline DAISY honorees' actions and behavioral characteristics. OBJECTIVE This study utilized patient nomination data and DAISY honoree insight to identify and gain better understanding of the characteristics and behavioral traits of DAISY nurses. METHODS A grounded theory approach and purposive sample were used in this study, which was conducted in 2 phases using 2 different data sets. In phase 1, the NarrativeDx AI platform generated insights from DAISY nomination comments. In phase 2, a survey was administered to DAISY honorees collecting descriptive data that were analyzed in SPSS, whereas insights on DAISY nurses were collected via open-ended responses and analyzed using NVivo software. RESULTS Three themes emerged in phase 1 from DAISY nomination data: caring, knowledge/skills, and reliability. A total of 37 DAISY honorees participated in phase 2. Most participants were bachelor's degree-prepared and worked day shift in the emergency department, critical care units, or medical-surgical units; some entered leadership roles post award, and 34% cited nursing as a 2nd career. Four themes emerged from their open-ended responses: engaging in care, environment of care, dedicated to care, and competence of care. Subthemes emerged in both analyses. CONCLUSIONS The essence of caring was noted continuously in both nomination and honoree data. Further research aimed at discovering the characteristics and behaviors of DAISY honorees is recommended as examination of these factors may provide a deeper understanding of this exemplary group of nurses. Insights could be incorporated into training and practice programs aimed at increasing patient and nursing satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie McCulloh Nair
- Author Affiliations: Nurse Scientist (Dr McCulloh Nair), Nurse (Ms Merring), and Nurse (Mr Jones), ChristianaCare, Newark, Delaware; Founder and Chief Experience Officer (Dr Guney), NarrativeDx, Austin, Texas
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Haugan G, Drageset J, André B, Kukulu K, Mugisha J, Utvær BKS. Assessing quality of life in older adults: psychometric properties of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire in a nursing home population. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:1. [PMID: 31898546 PMCID: PMC6941243 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Well-adapted and validated quality-of-life measurement models for the nursing home population are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the psychometrical properties of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire among cognitively intact nursing home residents. The research question addressed evidence related to the dimensionality, reliability and construct validity, all of which considered interrelated measurement properties. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected during 2017–2018, in 27 nursing homes representing four different Norwegian municipalities, located in Western and Mid-Norway. The total sample comprised 188 of 204 (92% response rate) long-term nursing home residents who met the inclusion criteria: (1) municipality authority’s decision of long-term nursing home care; (2) residential time 3 months or longer; (3) informed consent competency recognized by responsible doctor and nurse; and (4) capable of being interviewed. Results Principal component analysis and confirmative factor analyses indicated a unidimensional solution. Five of the original 13 items showed low reliability and validity; excluding these items revealed a good model fit for the one-dimensional 8-items measurement model, showing good internal consistency and validity for these 8 items. Conclusion Five out of the 13 original items were not high-quality indicators of quality-of-life showing low reliability and validity in this nursing home population. Significant factor loadings, goodness-of-fit indices and significant correlations in the expected directions with the selected constructs (anxiety, depression, self-transcendence, meaning-in-life, nurse-patient interaction, and joy-of-life) supported the psychometric properties of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire. Exploring the essence of quality-of-life when residing in a nursing home is highly warranted, followed by development and validation of new tools assessing quality-of-life in this population. Such knowledge and well-adapted scales for the nursing home population are beneficial and important for the further development of care quality in nursing homes, and consequently for quality-of-life and wellbeing in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gørill Haugan
- NTNU Center for health promotion research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. .,Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
| | - Jorunn Drageset
- Faculty of Health and Social Science, Western University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway.,University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Beate André
- NTNU Center for health promotion research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kamile Kukulu
- Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - James Mugisha
- Social Worker, Kyambogo University and Butabika National Referral and Teaching Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Britt Karin S Utvær
- Department of Teacher Education, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Aktürk Ü, Erci B. The Effect of Watson's Human Caring Model on Meaning of Life and Symptom Management in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2019; 32:255-275. [PMID: 30567838 DOI: 10.1891/1541-6577.32.3.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Watson's Human Caring Model on the meaning of life and symptom management in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. DESIGN The study was conducted using a real test model featuring a pretest and posttest and a control group. METHODS The sample consisted of 158 adult cancer patients (79 in both the experimental and control groups). The sample size was determined and the participants were allocated to groups using power analysis and a random sampling method. For the pretest, both groups completed an introductory questionnaire, the Life Attitude Profile, and the General Symptom Inventory. Then, the experimenter visited the experimental group patients' homes three times, at 2-week intervals, to provide nursing care based on Watson's model. Finally, after 8 weeks, a posttest was conducted by having both groups complete the Life Attitude Profile and General Symptom Inventory once again. RESULTS In the experimental group, the mean total posttest score for the Life Attitude Profile was determined to be 164.21 ± 36.5, and the mean total General Symptom Inventory score was 55.06 ± 13.19; however, in the control group, the mean total Life Attitude Profile score was 127.31 ± 10.61 and the mean total General Symptom Inventory score was 136.91 ± 16.20. The mean differences between the groups were statistically significant (p < .001). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Care based on Watson's model increases the sense of meaning in life and decreases symptom levels for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behice Erci
- Nursing Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses' caring behaviors are central in the quality of care of patients undergoing sophisticated chemotherapy protocols. However, there is a scarcity of research regarding these behaviors in non-Anglo-Saxon countries. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore caring behaviors that nurses perceive as important in caring for patients in Greece receiving chemotherapy. METHODS We used a mixed-methods design, including a survey in 7 oncology wards in 3 cancer hospitals in Attica, Greece, and a subsequent qualitative focus group investigation. Caring behaviors were explored through the Caring Behavior Inventory 24 and content analysis of 3 focus group interviews. RESULTS A sample of 72 nurses (response rate, 68.5%) were surveyed, and 18 nurses participated in the focus groups. "Knowledge/skills" (5 [SD, 0.7]) was the most important caring behaviors. No significant associations with nurses' characteristics were noted, except for higher scores in caring behaviors in participants who were married (P < .02). Six caring-related categories emerged from the qualitative analysis: "the concept of care," "respect," "nurse-patients' connection," "empathy," "fear of cancer," and "nurses' professional role." Moreover, they stressed barriers they faced in each category. CONCLUSIONS Integrated quantitative and qualitative data concur that operational tasks are central in Greek nurses' caring behaviors. In addition, qualitative findings highlighted those skills equipping nurses to provide holistic individualized care in a hectic care environment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Supporting nurses in attaining excellence in technical skills and in meaningfully engaging with patients receiving chemotherapy is essential in the realization of their caring role. These should be priorities for continuing education and practice improvement initiatives.
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Wei H, Fazzone PA, Sitzman K, Hardin SR. The Current Intervention Studies Based on Watson's Theory of Human Caring: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.20467/1091-5710.23.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This article reviewed 19 intervention studies based on Watson's Human Caring Theory between January 2005 and February 2018. The studies reviewed targeted on promoting patients', nurses', and nursing students' psychological health and patient care experiences. Most (15/19; 78.95%) of the studies in this review indicated that Watson's caring science-based interventions could decrease patients' emotional strains, increase patients' self-management confidence and emotional well-being, increase nurses' job satisfaction and engagement, and improve nursing students' confidence in the clinical performance and the awareness of caring behaviors. Nursing is a discipline that requires both scientific knowledge and the art of human caring.
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Aktürk Ü, Erci B. The Effect of Watson’s Care Model on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Turkish Women. Nurs Sci Q 2019; 32:127-134. [DOI: 10.1177/0894318419826257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the effect of the care, given according to Watson’s model, on depression, stress, and anxiety levels of women who underwent medical abortion. This study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 as a real test model with a pretest-posttest control group. The data were collected by the researcher in women’s homes. Watson’s model decreased DAS levels of the women in the experimental group after the medical abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümmühan Aktürk
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Nursing, School of Health, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Behice Erci
- Professor, Department of Public Health Nursing, School of Health, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Wei H, Watson J. Healthcare interprofessional team members' perspectives on human caring: A directed content analysis study. Int J Nurs Sci 2019; 6:17-23. [PMID: 31406864 PMCID: PMC6608670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As Watson's Human Caring Theory continues to evolve and guide the discipline of nursing, the challenge is to find ways to integrate it into practice. The purpose of this study is to describe interprofessional team members' perspectives on human caring based on the Ten Caritas Processes®/Caritas-Veritas Literacy of Watson's Human Caring Theory within the Unitary Caring Science. METHODS This is a qualitative directed content analysis study, taking place in a Children's Hospital in the United States between November 2017 and April 2018. Information redundancy was utilized to guide the recruitment. Data were collected via a one-time face-to-face individual interview. A qualitative directed content analysis was conducted using Watson's Ten Caritas Processes®/Caritas-Veritas Literacy as a coding framework. RESULTS Twenty-seven healthcare professionals participated in the study. Interprofessional human caring, based on the Ten Caritas Processes®/Caritas-Veritas Literacy, was referred to as performing loving-kindness to patients, each other, and self; maintaining faith-hope in teamwork; valuing inter-subjective interactions and building trust among team members; cultivating heart-centered-caring relations; acknowledging and processing positive and negative feelings non-judgmentally; applying all ways of knowing in caring; encouraging reciprocal teaching-learning; developing caring-healing environments collaboratively; respecting human dignity of patients and each other; and being open-minded to the unknowns and believing in miracles. CONCLUSIONS Watson's Human Caring Theory can be an underlying guide to enrich human-to-human relations and create a caring-healing environment. When human caring is applied in interprofessional teams, healthcare professionals find a caring consciousness to care for oneself and each other and promote patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Wei
- College of Nursing East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Jean Watson
- Watson Caring Science Institute, Boulder, CO, USA
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A traditional American Indian death ritual: Developing nursing knowledge through aesthetic exposure. Nurse Educ Pract 2017; 28:92-95. [PMID: 29055235 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical and practical application of Boykin and Schoenhofer's Nursing as Caring: A Model for Transforming Practice (2001) provided a framework for the exploration of an aesthetic project of quilting, which was undertaken in order to explain the death journey for a cherished mentor of American Indian nursing students. In particular, the nursing situation was used to guide the making of the quilt sampler. Aesthetics nested into the teaching-learning process became another way to help students solidify their professional self-identity as caring persons. This research has implications for the intentional development of studying quilting as an aesthetic way to express valuable lessons learned while caring for patients and telling stories. This idea of quilting opens up a line of enquiry into caring that can be expressed through a new and creative medium.
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Pajnkihar M, McKenna HP, Štiglic G, Vrbnjak D. Fit for Practice: Analysis and Evaluation of Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. Nurs Sci Q 2017; 30:243-252. [DOI: 10.1177/0894318417708409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the authors of this paper is to analyze Watson’s theory of human caring for its usefulness and worth in education, practice, and research. The reason for undertaking this analysis is to evaluate if Watson’s theory would be useful for nursing in those countries where such theories were not an established part of the nursing curriculum. Furthermore, in some European countries, their political past or cultural influences led to an unquestioned adoption of the biomedical model. As their political culture changes, many social structures have had to be revisited, and for nursing, this has meant the introduction of theoretical reasoning, teaching, and practice.
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Sit JWH, Chan AWH, So WKW, Chan CWH, Chan AWK, Chan HYL, Fung OWM, Wong EML. Promoting Holistic Well-Being in Chronic Stroke Patients Through Leisure Art-Based Creative Engagement. Rehabil Nurs 2017; 42:58-66. [DOI: 10.1002/rnj.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Work motivation of nurses: A literature review. Int J Nurs Stud 2011; 48:246-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Andershed B, Olsson K. Review of research related to Kristen Swanson’s middle-range theory of caring. Scand J Caring Sci 2009; 23:598-610. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2008.00647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
An emerging challenge for nursing leadership is how to convey the importance of both evidence-based practice (EBP) and theory-driven care in ensuring patient safety and optimizing outcomes. This article describes a specific example of a leadership strategy based on Rosswurm and Larrabee's model for change to EBP, which was effective in aligning the processes of EBP and theory-driven care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri Britt Pipe
- Nursing Administartion, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
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Abstract
Theory was largely considered to be the province of academia until the Magnet Recognition Program brought it into the mainstream of hospital nursing practice. The author describes how 1 hospital selected a nursing theory and philosophy, integrated the concepts across nursing services, and positively affected the hospital as a whole. Jean Watson's theory of human caring was chosen because it closely aligned with the culture of the organization. Specific implementation strategies are discussed, and outcomes of the process are described. This article will assist others engaged in similar endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Birk
- Institutional Review Board, Central Baptist Hospital, 1740 Nicholasville Road, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
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Foster RL. A perspective on Watson's theory of human caring. Nurs Sci Q 2006; 19:332-3. [PMID: 16982720 DOI: 10.1177/0894318406293138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxie L Foster
- University of Colorado at Denver & Health Sciences Center, The Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Abstract
Nursing as a human science focuses on life and health as humanly experienced. Intentionality is a philosophical idea of particular significance to nursing as a human science, particularly within Parse’s theory of human becoming and Watson’s theory of human caring. These two theorists’ interpretations of intentionality are explored in relation to their respective theories and the implications for research and practice. A persistent thread in nursing discourse positions nursing as a human science—that is, one that focuses on life and health as humanly experienced. In human science disciplines, human beings are viewed as the subjects of their own lives, rather than as mere objects or things, as is the case in the natural sciences. My purpose in this column is to explore intentionality as a philosophical idea of particular significance to theoretical accounts of nursing as a human science. Before beginning, it is important to note that not all nurse theorists whose works could be considered aligned with the human sciences explicitly address the notion of intentionality within their writings (see for instance, Newman, 1994; Rogers, 1970). However, the notion of intentionality is implied in, or at least, consistent with, their works and those of their disciples. As noted elsewhere (Pilkington, 2000), the word intentionality has been in use since medieval times and there are various definitions of the concept in the literature, reflecting different philosophical paradigms or worldviews. In this column, I explore the notion as it appears in two nursing perspectives, Parse’s (1981, 1998) theory of human becoming and Watson’s (1985, 1999, 2005) theory of human caring. Both of these theorists have spoken about how their theoretical thinking grew out of their own life experiences as well as through engaging with the world of ideas (Fuld Institute for Technology in Nursing Education, 1997a, 1997b). And so, I begin by identifying key theoretical influences that shaped their thinking about intentionality. In addition, I will explore
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Affiliation(s)
- F Beryl Pilkington
- School of Nursing, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3.
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