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Shahabooei M, Razavi SM, Minaiyan M, Birang R, Behfarnia P, Yaghini J, Naghsh N, Ghalayani P, Hajisadeghi S. A histomorphometric study of the effect of doxycycline and erythromycin on bone formation in dental alveolar socket of rat. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:71. [PMID: 25878996 PMCID: PMC4386208 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.153895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether subantimicrobial doses of doxycycline (DOX) and erythromycin (EM) used for the treatment of peri-implant osteolysis due to their anti-osteoclastogenesis can interfere with the osseous wound healing process in rat alveolar socket. Materials and Methods: Forty-five male Wistar rats had their first maxillary right molar extracted and were divided into three groups. DOX and EM at the doses of 5 mg/kg/day orally (p.o.) and 2 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally (i.p.) were administered respectively to two separate groups for 7 days after operation. In the control group the animals received normal saline (5 ml/kg). Five rats were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21 days post-extraction in each study group. A histomorphometric analysis was used to evaluate new bone formation inside the alveolar socket. Significant level was set at 0.05. Results: The findings showed that the percentage of new bone formation (NBF) enhanced significantly on days 7 and 14. There was no significant difference in the NBF between DOX and EM groups. Conclusion: Short-term treatment with both DOX and EM enhanced new bone formation without any advances in favor of each drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahabooei
- Department of Periodontology, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Razavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Minaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Birang
- Department of Periodontology, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parichehr Behfarnia
- Department of Periodontology, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaber Yaghini
- Department of Periodontology, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Narges Naghsh
- Department of Periodontology, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parichehr Ghalayani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Samira Hajisadeghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
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Nagasawa T, Arai M, Togari A. Inhibitory effect of minocycline on osteoclastogenesis in mouse bone marrow cells. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:924-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhou X, Zhang P, Zhang C, An B, Zhu Z. Tetracyclines inhibit rat osteoclast formation and activity in vitro and affect bone turnover in young rats in vivo. Calcif Tissue Int 2010; 86:163-71. [PMID: 20033141 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-009-9328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was designed to investigate whether systemic administration of tetracyclines (TCs) as bone fluorochrome labels could interfere with bone modeling in vivo and inhibit osteoclast formation and activity in vitro. Cell cultures of rat bone marrow macrophages revealed that TC and oxytetracycline inhibited osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption and stimulated apoptosis. Forty rats in five groups were treated with saline, calcein green, alizarin red S, TC, or oxytetracycline. Their tibias were used for histomorphometric analysis, including bone static, dynamic, and resorption parameters in the tibial proximal metaphysis. No significant differences in bone volume per tissue volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, bone formation rate per bone surface, mineralizing surface, or mineral apposition rate were observed. TC or oxytetracycline decreased eroded surface, number of osteoclasts per bone perimeter, and osteoclast surface per bone surface by about 50%. The results demonstrated that TC and oxytetracycline inhibit rat osteoclast formation and activity in vitro, and histomorphometric parameters involved in bone turnover may be affected by the use of oxytetracycline and TC as fluorescent bone labels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Metzger Z, Belkin D, Kariv N, Dotan M, Kfir A. Low-dose doxycycline inhibits bone resorption associated with apical periodontitis. Int Endod J 2008; 41:303-9. [PMID: 18217992 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01363.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test the effect of low-dose doxycycline on bone resorption associated with apical periodontitis. METHODOLOGY Apical periodontitis was induced by occlusal pulp exposure in the mandibular first molars of 36 rats. Animals were divided into three groups of 12: group A received doxycycline in drinking water at a dose of 5.85 mg day(-1); group B received a dose of 1.48 mg day(-1) (one-quarter of the original dose); and group C received no medicament and served as the control. A bioassay determined the doxycycline serum levels. After 21 days, the mandibles were removed, radiographed and the radiographs scanned to generate digital images. These images were analysed morphometrically and the total area of the periapical bone resorption of the mesial and distal roots of each tooth was determined and used to compare the groups. Statistical analysis was completed using anova with repeated measures. RESULTS The mean doxycycline serum level in group A was 0.22(+/-0.03) microg mL(-1) and in group B below the detection level of the assay (<0.062 microg mL(-1)). The mean area of the periapical bone resorption in the control group C was 2.91(+/-0.61) mm(2). In animals treated with a low-dose doxycycline, the mean size of the bone resorption was significantly smaller at 1.59(+/-0.59) mm(2) (group A) and 1.72(+/-0.85) mm(2) (group B) (P = 0.001). No significant difference was found in the area of the bone resorption between these two groups A and B. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose doxycycline reduced the area of bone resorption associated with apical periodontitis in the mandibular first molar teeth of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Metzger
- Department of Oral Biology, Teh Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Holmes SG, Still K, Buttle DJ, Bishop NJ, Grabowski PS. Chemically modified tetracyclines act through multiple mechanisms directly on osteoclast precursors. Bone 2004; 35:471-8. [PMID: 15268899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2004.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2003] [Revised: 12/05/2003] [Accepted: 02/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) are thought to inhibit bone resorption primarily through their ability to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We have previously demonstrated that some tetracycline compounds (TCs) induce apoptosis in mature rabbit osteoclasts and inhibit osteoclastic resorption in mouse osteoblast/marrow co-cultures in vitro. In this report, we now show that non-antibiotic analogues of doxycycline (CMT-3) and minocycline (CMT-8) are potent inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis in vitro from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF) and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL), through an action that is independent of osteoblast-osteoclast interactions. Osteoclast formation over 20 days was completely abrogated when CMT-3 or CMT-8 were included in PBMC cultures at a concentration of 250 ng/ml, although doxycycline at this concentration reduced osteoclast formation to ca. 50% of control. CMT-3 and CMT-8 also significantly induced apoptosis over 24 h in mature osteoclasts generated over 20 days when added to cultures at 5 microg/ml or more. In a time-course experiment, apoptosis was evident after a delay of 1-2 h following treatment of mature osteoclasts with CMT-3 at 20 microg/ml. The broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor BB94 (Batimastat) did not recapitulate the apoptosis induced by CMT-3, even at a concentration where MMP-13 activity was completely inhibited. There was no evidence for an anabolic effect of any of the TCs on osteoblast lineage cells in a calcifying fibroblastic colony (CFU-f) formation assay, where CMT-3 partially inhibited CFU-f formation at 5 microg/ml. Our data indicate that inhibition of osteoclast formation and induction of osteoclast apoptosis are pharmacologically significant actions of CMTs in inhibiting bone resorption, and that osteoclast apoptosis cannot be attributed to the ability of CMTs to inhibit MMPs or to actions mediated by osteoblastic lineage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Holmes
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Division of Clinical Sciences (South), University of Sheffield, Stephenson Wing, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
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Tolomeo M, Grimaudo S, Milano S, La Rosa M, Ferlazzo V, Di Bella G, Barbera C, Simoni D, D'Agostino P, Cillari E. Effects of chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) in sensitive, multidrug resistant and apoptosis resistant leukaemia cell lines. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 133:306-14. [PMID: 11350867 PMCID: PMC1572778 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently discovered chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) have shown in vitro and in vivo anti-proliferative and anti-tumour activities. Here, we evaluated in vitro the anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity of six different dedimethylamino chemically modified tetracyclines (CMT-1, CMT-3, CMT-5, CMT-6, CMT-7 and CMT-8) in sensitive and multidrug resistant myeloid leukaemia cells (HL60 and HL60R) in vitro. Three of these compounds (CMT-5, CMT-6, CMT-7) showed low cytotoxic activity both in sensitive and in resistant cells, CMT-3 was endowed with a high anti-proliferative activity only in sensitive cells and was moderately effective as apoptosis inducing agent, with an activity similar to that shown by doxycycline. On the contrary, CMT-1 and CMT-8 were very effective as programmed cell death inducing agents. The apoptotic pathway activated by these compounds involved the activation of caspases, especially caspase-9 and, for CMT-1, also the activation of FAS: Interestingly CMT-8, but not CMT-1, was able to induce apoptosis in multidrug resistant HL60R and in Fas-ligand resistant HUT78B1 cell lines. These properties, together with others previously described (e.g. anti-metastatic and anti-osteolytic activities), suggest that CMT-8 may have important applications in the clinical management of cancer. The comparative analysis of structure-activity relationship of CMT-8 and doxycycline suggests that the C-5 hydroxy moiety may play an important role in conferring activity in multidrug resistant cells. These findings appear to support the hypothesis that CMT-8 may represent an interesting lead for the development of a new class of potent apoptosis inducer agents active in multidrug resistant and Fas-ligand resistant malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Tolomeo
- Divisione di Ematologia e Servizio AIDS, Policlinico Universitario Paolo Giaccone, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Grimaudo
- Divisione di Ematologia e Servizio AIDS, Policlinico Universitario Paolo Giaccone, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Milano
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Facolta' di Medicina, Universita' di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marzia La Rosa
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Facolta' di Medicina, Universita' di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Ferlazzo
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Facolta' di Medicina, Universita' di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gloria Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Facolta' di Medicina, Universita' di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Barbera
- Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica e Microbiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera V Cervello, via Trabucco 180, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Simoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Facolta' di Farmacia, Universita' di Ferrara, largo Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro D'Agostino
- Servizio di Immunoematologia, Policlinico Universitario Paolo Giaccone, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrico Cillari
- Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica e Microbiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera V Cervello, via Trabucco 180, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Author for correspondence:
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Patel RN, Attur MG, Dave MN, Patel IV, Stuchin SA, Abramson SB, Amin AR. A Novel Mechanism of Action of Chemically Modified Tetracyclines: Inhibition of COX-2-Mediated Prostaglandin E2 Production. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.163.6.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Tetracyclines (doxycycline and minocycline) inhibit inducible NO synthase expression and augment cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and PGE2 production. In contrast, chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs), such as CMT-3 and -8 (but not CMT-1, -2, and -5), that lack antimicrobial activity, inhibit both NO and PGE2 production in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages, bovine chondrocytes, and human osteoarthritis-affected cartilage, which spontaneously produces NO and PGE2 in ex vivo conditions. Furthermore, CMT-3 augments COX-2 protein expression but inhibits net PGE2 accumulation. This coincides with the ability of CMT-3 and -8 to inhibit COX-2 enzyme activity in vitro. The action of CMTs is distinct from that observed with tetracyclines because 1) CMT-3-mediated inhibition of PGE2 production coincides with modification of COX-2 protein, which is distinct from the nonglycosylated COX-2 protein generated in the presence of tunicamycin, as observed by Western blot analysis and 2) CMT-3 and -8 have no significant effect on COX-2 mRNA accumulation. In contrast, CMT-3 and -8 do not inhibit COX-1 expression in A549 human epithelial cells at the level of protein and mRNA accumulation or modification of COX-1 protein. CMT-3 and -8 inhibit the sp. act. of COX-2 (but not COX-1) in cell-free extracts. These results demonstrate differential action of CMT-3 (Metastat) on COX-1 and -2 expression, which is distinct from other tetracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Steven A. Stuchin
- †Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY 10003; and Departments of
| | | | - Ashok R. Amin
- *Rheumatology and
- ‡Pathology and
- §Medicine and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10016
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Ramamurthy NS, McClain SA, Pirila E, Maisi P, Salo T, Kucine A, Sorsa T, Vishram F, Golub LM. Wound healing in aged normal and ovariectomized rats: effects of chemically modified doxycycline (CMT-8) on MMP expression and collagen synthesis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999; 878:720-3. [PMID: 10415818 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N S Ramamurthy
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Center, SUNY at Stony Brook, NY 11794-8702, USA
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