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Samaddar A, Sharma A. First case of neonatal fungemia caused by Aureobasidium melanogenum. J Mycol Med 2023; 33:101334. [PMID: 36270215 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aureobasidium melanogenum is a saprophytic, dematiaceous, yeast-like fungus rarely implicated in human infections. Here, we report the first case of A. melanogenum fungemia in a 30-week-old preterm, very low birth weight neonate born to a primigravida with history of gestational diabetes, pregnancy induced hypertension and oligohydramnios. The baby developed respiratory distress, hypotension, bradycardia, coagulopathy and septic shock shortly after birth, and eventually succumbed to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome on day 9 of life. Paired blood culture showed growth of a dematiaceous yeast-like fungus which was identified as A. melanogenum by rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolate showed high minimum inhibitory concentration of fluconazole (32 µg/mL), indicating resistance. Diagnosis of A. melanogenum fungemia is difficult as it is easily confused with Candida species in Gram stained smears and similar colony morphology during the initial stages of growth. Also, the conventional diagnostic methods, such as VITEK 2 and MALDI-TOF MS are unreliable for identification of this pathogen. Accurate identification using molecular techniques is crucial for making treatment decisions as A. melanogenum shows substantial antifungal resistance. Clinicians should be aware that yeast-like cells in blood culture are not only indicative of Candida species, but also rare pathogens like A. melanogenum and should exercise caution while starting fluconazole therapy. At present, there are no established susceptibility breakpoints for Aureobasidium spp. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment for such infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghadip Samaddar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Anuradha Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Bosetti D, Spoerl D, Riat A, De Vito C, Masouridi-Levrat S, Chalandon Y, Neofytos D. Atypical pulmonary phaeohyphomycosis due to Aureobasidium spp. - case report and brief literature review. Swiss Med Wkly 2022; 152:40011. [PMID: 36509420 DOI: 10.57187/smw.2022.40011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a case of probable invasive Auerobasidium spp. pulmonary infection in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome. The patient was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B monotherapy, with transition to orally administered isavuconazole. This case shows an atypical initial radiological presentation with diffuse ground-glass opacities, as previously demonstrated in cases of Aureobasidium spp. hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Moreover this case further highlights the difficulties associated with the diagnosis and complexity in the management of Aureobasidium spp. infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bosetti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Spoerl
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland. Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Riat
- Diagnostic Department, Laboratory of Bacteriology, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudio De Vito
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stavroula Masouridi-Levrat
- Division of Haematology, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, University Hospital of Geneva and faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Chalandon
- Division of Haematology, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, University Hospital of Geneva and faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dionysios Neofytos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
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Chamroensakchai T, Leedumrongwattanakul K, Takkavatakarn K, Manuprasert W, Kanjanabuch T. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter-related peritonitis from Aureobasidium pullulans caused by poor caregiver's hand hygiene. Med Mycol Case Rep 2019; 25:35-38. [PMID: 31388481 PMCID: PMC6676155 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Catheter-related peritonitis is common but rarely caused by fungal infection. We report the first case of PD patients with catheter-related peritonitis form Aureobasidium pullulans, a black yeast-like dematiaceous fungus, and reviewing the relevant literatures. A potential cause of this infection is poor hand hygiene and improper fingernail care. The infection could be prevented if patient and caregiver strictly follow hand-washing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamonwan Chamroensakchai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Kullaya Takkavatakarn
- Division of Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wasin Manuprasert
- Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Talerngsak Kanjanabuch
- Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Division of Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,CAPD Excellent Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Navas-Suárez PE, Díaz-Delgado J, Matushima ER, Fávero CM, Sánchez Sarmiento AM, Sacristán C, Ewbank AC, Marques Joppert A, Barbanti Duarte JM, dos Santos-Cirqueira C, Cogliati B, Mesquita L, Maiorka PC, Catão-Dias JL. A retrospective pathology study of two Neotropical deer species (1995-2015), Brazil: Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) and brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198670. [PMID: 29879222 PMCID: PMC5991706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective study describes the biological and epidemiological aspects, gross and microscopical findings, and most likely causes of death (CD) in two species of Neotropical deer in Brazil. The animals were collected between 1995 and 2015 and represented 75 marsh deer (MD) and 136 brown brocket deer (BBD). Summarized, pneumonia was diagnosed microscopically in 48 MD and 52 BBD; 76 deer suffered trauma, involving dog attack (14 BBD) and vehicle-collision (14 BBD). Pulmonary edema (50 MD; 55 BBD) and congestion (57 MD; 78 BBD) were the most common findings for both species. Additionally, we diagnosed ruminal and myocardial mycosis in MD and BBD, respectively; ovarian dysgerminoma and pancreatic trematodiasis in BBD; and lesions suggestive of malignant catarrhal fever and orbiviral hemorrhagic disease in both species. The main CD in MD was: respiratory (41/75), alimentary, nutritional, trauma and euthanasia (3/75 each). Correspondingly, in BBD were: trauma (34/131), respiratory (30/131) and euthanasia (9/131). Respiratory disease was often defined by pulmonary edema and pneumonia. We provide evidence that respiratory disease, mainly pneumonia, is a critical pathological process in these Neotropical deer species. Although no etiological agents were identified, there is evidence of bacterial and viral involvement. Our results show trauma, mainly anthropogenic, as a common ailment in BBD. We propose to prioritize respiratory disease in future research focused on South American deer health aspects. We believe anthropogenic trauma may be a primary threat for populations of BBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Enrique Navas-Suárez
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josué Díaz-Delgado
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Reiko Matushima
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cintia Maria Fávero
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angélica Maria Sánchez Sarmiento
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Sacristán
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ewbank
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Marques Joppert
- Divisão Técnica de Medicina Veterinária e Manejo da Fauna Silvestre (DEPAVE-3), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Mauricio Barbanti Duarte
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), Department of Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Cogliati
- Laboratory of Morphological and Molecular Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mesquita
- Laboratory of Animal Models, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Maiorka
- Laboratory of Animal Models, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Catão-Dias
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mehta SR, Johns S, Stark P, Fierer J. Successful treatment of Aureobasidium pullulans central catheter-related fungemia and septic pulmonary emboli. IDCases 2017; 10:65-67. [PMID: 28951848 PMCID: PMC5607119 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aureobasidium pullulans is a saprophytic fungus that is widely distributed in the environment, and in the right host can be an opportunistic human pathogen. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 66-year-old man with Crohn's disease with a single kidney, and requiring total parenteral nutrition via a Hickman catheter, was admitted with a 10-week history of progressive shortness of breath, fevers and weight loss. Chest imaging demonstrated new multifocal lung parenchymal opacities compatible with septic pulmonary emboli. Blood culture grew a yeast-like organism that transformed into a black mold on subculture, eventually identified as A. pullulans. Due to triazole resistance, the patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin and micafungin. Serum (1,3)-β-d-glucan level was used to monitor therapy, initially measured at >500 pg/mL and decreasing to 66 pg/mL after one year of therapy. DISCUSSION We describe the successful treatment of a case of catheter related fungemia and septic pulmonary emboli due A. pullulans. While initially appearing as an oval yeast on blood culture, subsequent growth as a black mold led to identification of the fungus as A. pullulans. The infection was cured with a combination of antifungal agents, even though the foreign body could not be safely removed. Nephrotoxicity required dosing adjustment of the amphotericin to biweekly during the maintenance phase of treatment. The serum (1,3)-β-d-glucan level proved to be useful in monitoring response to therapy. CONCLUSION We report here successful treatment of a disseminated A. pullulans infection with an induction and maintenance approach to liposomal amphotericin dosing, and monitoring response to therapy with serum (1,3)-β-d-glucan levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay R Mehta
- Medical Service, VA Healthcare San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, UC San Diego School of Medicine, United States
- Department of Pathology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, United States
| | - Scott Johns
- Pharmacy Service, VA Healthcare San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Paul Stark
- Radiology Service, VA Healthcare San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, UC San Diego School of Medicine. United States
| | - Joshua Fierer
- Medical Service, VA Healthcare San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, UC San Diego School of Medicine, United States
- Department of Pathology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, United States
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van Hougenhouck-Tulleken WG, Mathole G, Karstaedt A, Govind N, Moodley M, Seetharam S, Govender NP, Menezes CN. Disseminated fungal infection in an HIV-infected patient due to Aureobasidium pullulans. S Afr J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23120053.2016.1155799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Chowdhary A, Meis J, Guarro J, de Hoog G, Kathuria S, Arendrup M, Arikan-Akdagli S, Akova M, Boekhout T, Caira M, Guinea J, Chakrabarti A, Dannaoui E, van Diepeningen A, Freiberger T, Groll A, Hope W, Johnson E, Lackner M, Lagrou K, Lanternier F, Lass-Flörl C, Lortholary O, Meletiadis J, Muñoz P, Pagano L, Petrikkos G, Richardson M, Roilides E, Skiada A, Tortorano A, Ullmann A, Verweij P, Cornely O, Cuenca-Estrella M. ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 Suppl 3:47-75. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Infection of the lymphatic system by Aureobasidium pullulans in a patient with erythema nodosum leprosum. Braz J Infect Dis 2011; 15:288-92. [DOI: 10.1016/s1413-8670(11)70191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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