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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Chronic conditions and incident and persistent depressive symptoms among ageing adults in rural South Africa. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:712-720. [PMID: 36941203 PMCID: PMC10509316 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2190595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess associations between chronic diseases and incident and persistent depressive symptoms (DSs) in a cohort study of ageing adults in South Africa. Participants in the baseline survey (in 2014/2015) were 5,059 persons (≥40 years) and at follow-up 4,176 (in 2018/2019). DSs were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between chronic conditions and incident and persistent DS. The prevalence of DS at baseline was 15.5%, incident DS (without DS and/or PTSD at baseline) was 25.1% and persistent DS (DS at both baseline and follow-up) was 4.8%. In unadjusted logistic regression analysis, diabetes had higher odds of incident DS. Participants with baseline heart attack/stroke/angina, dyslipidemia, tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, kidney disease and three or more chronic conditions had a higher probability of persistent DS. In conclusion, of the eight chronic conditions evaluated, only diabetes (in unadjusted analysis) was associated with incident DS, and five chronic conditions (heart attack/stroke/angina, dyslipidaemia, tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis and kidney disease) and three or more chronic conditions were associated with persistent DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lang M, Rosselli M, Greig MT, Torres VL, Vélez-Uribe I, Arruda F, Barker WW, Garcia P, Loewenstein DA, Curiel RE, Duara R. Depression and the Diagnosis of MCI in a Culturally Diverse Sample in the United States. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:214-230. [PMID: 31729523 PMCID: PMC7881973 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze (1) whether there are ethnic differences in the severity of depressive symptoms between groups of elders classified as cognitively normal (CN) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and (2) the influence of depressive symptoms on specific cognitive performance by ethnicity across diagnoses, controlling for covariates. METHODS 164 Hispanics residing in the United States (HAs) and European Americans (EAs) (100 women; Mage = 72.1, SD = 8.0) were diagnosed as either CN or aMCI. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Cognition was assessed using the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (semantic memory), Multilingual Naming Test (confrontation naming), and the Stroop Test (Color-Word condition; executive function). A 2 × 2 univariate ANCOVA as well as linear and logistic regressions explored differences in depressive symptoms among diagnostic and ethnic groups. RESULTS Higher depression was seen in aMCI compared to the CN group for both ethnicities, after controlling for age, education, gender, and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Greater levels of depression also predicted lower scores in confrontation naming and semantic memory for only the EA group and marginally in scores of executive function for HA participants. GDS-15 scores of ≤ 4 also predicted less likelihood of aMCI diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Severity of depressive symptoms was associated with greater cognitive impairment, independent of ethnicity. Significant results suggest detrimental effects of depression on clinical diagnoses most evidently for subjects from the EA group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merike Lang
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Mónica Rosselli
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Maria T Greig
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Valeria L Torres
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Idaly Vélez-Uribe
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Fernanda Arruda
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Warren W Barker
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Garcia
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - David A Loewenstein
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rosie E Curiel
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
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