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Sun H, Zhu Y, Xu H, Zhong Y, Zhang L, Ma Y, Sui X, Wang B, Feng X, Mao Z. Fire retardant polyethylene terephthalate containing 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol-substituted cyclotriphosphazene microspheres. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221145881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyphosphazene derivatives are gaining popularity due to their eco-friendly character and high content of flame-retardant components. Herein, a polyphosphazene derivative (PZAF) microsphere was successfully synthesized utilizing an in-situ template approach, which was then employed as an additive flame retardant in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to improve the fire safety. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that PZAF promoted the pyrolysis of PET in advance to generate a stable char layer that protects the matrix from heat, consequently increasing char residues. With addition of 10 wt% PZAF, the PET nanocomposites obtained a V-0 grade in vertical combustion test and its LOI value increased from 24.2 vol% to 32.1 vol%. Moreover, the peak heat release and carbon monoxide production decreased by 46.6% and 50.6%, respectively. This was because the phosphonic acid fragments and pyridine ring compounds produced by the PZAF pyrolysis encouraged the development of a robust char layer. Meanwhile, the •PO radicals generated by the pyrolysis of PZAF could capture free radicals in the gas phase, ultimately ending the chain reaction of combustion. Also, mechanical properties of the PET nanocomposites were noticeably enhanced by the addition of 3 or 5 wt% PZAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Sun
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yuanzhao Zhu
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- National Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology, Shandong Zhongkang Guochuang Research Institute of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology Co., Ltd., Taian City, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Linping Zhang
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yimeng Ma
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sui
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bijia Wang
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xueling Feng
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhiping Mao
- Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Yi X, Huang J, Tong Y, Zhao H, Cao X, Wu W. Self-Assembled Serpentine Ni 3Si 2O 5(OH) 4 Hybrid Sheets with Ammonium Polyphosphate for Fire Safety Enhancement of Polylactide Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235255. [PMID: 36501647 PMCID: PMC9741248 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polylactide (PLA) has been widely utilized in people's daily lives. In order to improve the fire safety of PLA, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was self-assembled onto the surface of serpentine Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 through the electrostatic method, followed by mixing with PLA by melt compounding. The APP-modified serpentine (serpentine@APP) dispersed uniformly in the PLA matrix. Compared with pure PLA, the PLA composite with 2 wt% serpentine@APP reduced the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) by 43.9% and 16.3%, respectively. The combination of APP and serpentine exhibited suitable synergistic flame-retardant effects on the fire safety enhancement of PLA. In addition, the dynamical rheological tests revealed that the presence of APP and serpentine could reduce the viscosity of PLA composites. The plasticizing effects of APP and serpentine benefited the processing of PLA. The mechanical properties of PLA/serpentine@APP maintained suitable performance as pure PLA. This study provided a feasible way to enhance the fire safety of PLA without sacrificing its mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingshu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yizhang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Xianwu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (W.W.)
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Tong Y, Wu W, Zhao W, Xing Y, Zhang H, Wang C, Chen TBY, Yuen ACY, Yu B, Cao X, Yi X. Nanohybrid of Co 3O 4 Nanoparticles and Polyphosphazene-Decorated Ultra-Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Simultaneous Enhancement in Fire Safety and Smoke Suppression of Thermoplastic Polyurethane. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204341. [PMID: 36297921 PMCID: PMC9606935 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is widely used in daily life due to its characteristics of light weight, high impact strength, and compression resistance. However, TPU products are extremely flammable and will generate toxic fumes under fire attack, threatening human life and safety. In this article, a nanohybrid flame retardant was designed for the fire safety of TPU. Herein, Co3O4 was anchored on the surface of exfoliated ultra-thin boron nitride nanosheets (BNNO@Co3O4) via coprecipitation and subsequent calcination. Then, a polyphosphazene (PPZ) layer was coated onto BNNO@Co3O4 by high temperature polymerization to generate a nanohybrid flame retardant named BNNO@Co3O4@PPZ. The cone calorimeter results exhibited that the heat release and smoke production during TPU combustion were remarkably restrained after the incorporation of the nanohybrid flame retardant. Compared with pure TPU, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) decreased by 44.1%, the peak smoke production rate (PSPR) decreased by 51.2%, and the peak CO production rate (PCOPR) decreased by 72.5%. Based on the analysis of carbon residues after combustion, the significant improvement in fire resistance of TPU by BNNO@Co3O4@PPZ was attributed to the combination of quenching effect, catalytic carbonization effect, and barrier effect. In addition, the intrinsic mechanical properties of TPU were well maintained due to the existence of the PPZ organic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Wanjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yurui Xing
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hongti Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy B. Y. Chen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Anthony C. Y. Yuen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xianwu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaohong Yi
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (X.Y.)
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