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Khandaker M, Lane R, Yeakley S, Alizereej H, Nikfarjam S, Ait Moussa A, Vaughan MB, Haleem AM. Evaluation of a Bioabsorbable Scaffold and Interlocked Nail System for Segmental Bone Defect. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040183. [PMID: 37103273 PMCID: PMC10141685 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we designed and manufactured a scaffold and fixation system for the reconstruction of long-bone segmental defects in a rabbit tibia model. We used biocompatible and biodegradable materials, polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL soaked with sodium alginate (PCL-Alg) to manufacture the scaffold, interlocking nail and screws using a phase separation casing method. Degradation and mechanical tests on the PCL and PCL-Alg scaffolds indicated that both were suitable for faster degradation and early weight-bearing capacity. PCL scaffold surface porosity facilitated the infiltration of alginate hydrogel through the scaffold. Cell viability results showed that the number of cells increased on Day 7 and decreased marginally by Day 14. For accurate placement of the scaffold and fixation system, a surgical jig was designed and 3D-printed using biocompatible resin in a stereolithography (SLA) 3D printer, then cured with UV light for increased strength. Our cadaver tests using New Zealand White rabbit confirmed our novel jigs’ potential for accurate placement of the bone scaffold, intramedullary nail and the alignment of the fixation screws in future reconstructive surgeries on rabbit long-bone segmental defects. Additionally, the cadaver tests confirmed that our designed nails and screws were strong enough to carry the surgical insertion force. Therefore, our designed prototype has the potential for further clinical translational study using the rabbit tibia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morshed Khandaker
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-405-974-5935; Fax: +1-405-974-3812
| | - Reuben Lane
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Shannon Yeakley
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Hussein Alizereej
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Sadegh Nikfarjam
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Abdellah Ait Moussa
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Melville B. Vaughan
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Amgad M. Haleem
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Bi L, Zobell B, Liu X, Rahaman MN, Bonewald LF. Healing of critical-size segmental defects in rat femora using strong porous bioactive glass scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 42:816-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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A biomechanical research of growth control of spine by shape memory alloy staples. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2013:384894. [PMID: 24350265 PMCID: PMC3848084 DOI: 10.1155/2013/384894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Shape memory alloy (SMA) staples in nickel titanium with shape memory effect are effective for spinal growth control. This study was designed to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the staples and observe the stability of the fixed segments spine after the staples were implanted. According to the vertical distance of the vertebrae, SMA staples of 5, 6.5, and 8 mm were designed. The recovery stress of 24 SMA staples in three groups was measured. The pullout strength of SMA staples and stainless steel staples in each functional spinal unit was measured. Each of the six fresh specimens was divided into three conditions: normal, single staple, and double staples. Under each condition, the angle and torque of spinal movements in six directions were tested. Results show that the differences in recovery stress and maximum pullout strength between groups were statistically significant. In left and right bending, flextion, and extention, the stability of spine was decreased in conditions of single staple and double staples. Biomechanical function of SMA staples was superior to stainless steel staple. SMA staples have the function of hemiepiphyseal compression and kyphosis and scoliosis model of thoracic vertebrae in goat could be successfully created by the fusionless technique.
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Reifenrath J, Angrisani N, Lalk M, Besdo S. Replacement, refinement, and reduction: Necessity of standardization and computational models for long bone fracture repair in animals. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:2884-900. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janin Reifenrath
- Small Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Bünteweg 9 30559 Hannover Germany
| | - Nina Angrisani
- Small Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Bünteweg 9 30559 Hannover Germany
| | - Mareike Lalk
- Small Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Bünteweg 9 30559 Hannover Germany
| | - Silke Besdo
- Institute of Continuum Mechanics; Leibniz Universität Hannover; Appelstr. 11 30167 Hannover Germany
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Eardley WGP, Watts SA, Clasper JC. Modelling for conflict: the legacy of ballistic research and current extremity in vivo modelling. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2013; 159:73-83. [PMID: 23720587 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2013-000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Extremity ballistic injury is unique and the literature intended to guide its management is commonly misinterpreted. In order to care for those injured in conflict and conduct appropriate research, clinicians must be able to identify key in vivo studies, understand their weaknesses and desist the propagation of miscited and misunderstood ballistic dogma. This review provides the only inclusive critical overview of key studies of relevance to military extremity injury. In addition, the non-ballistic studies of limb injury, stabilisation and contamination that will form the basis from which future small animal extremity studies are constructed are presented. With an awareness of the legacy of military wound models and an insight into available generic models of extremity injury and contamination, research teams are well placed to optimise future military extremity injury management.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G P Eardley
- Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, ICT Centre, Institute of Research and Development, Birmingham, UK.
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