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Tohme RA, Wang S, Cowie B, Dudareva S, Wester C. Eliminating perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: it is time for action. J Int AIDS Soc 2024; 27:e26337. [PMID: 39054803 PMCID: PMC11272954 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.26337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rania A. Tohme
- Division of Viral HepatitisU.S. Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Su Wang
- Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center and Hepatitis B FoundationLivingstonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Benjamin Cowie
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Viral HepatitisThe Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sandra Dudareva
- Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologyRobert Koch InstituteBerlinGermany
| | - Carolyn Wester
- Division of Viral HepatitisU.S. Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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2
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Dewart G, Muller J, Phillips JC, Banaszak D, Caine V. Interventions in maternal syphilis care globally: A scoping review. Health Care Women Int 2024; 45:1061-1080. [PMID: 38180353 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2023.2294815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Infectious and Congenital Syphilis rates continue to rise globally. Current recommendations for syphilis screening and treatment may be insufficient, and there is a pressing need for improved programs and services to address the increase in cases. A scoping review was conducted to examine approaches to maternal syphilis screening and treatment. Theoretical underpinnings and the key characteristics of these interventions were studied to identify gaps in the existing literature to guide future research. Developing a modified version of the socio-ecological model to guide data analysis, we included 33 academic studies spanning 31 years, covering a range of interventions, programs, and policies globally. We highlight key facets of interventions aligning with the five levels of the modified model that include: individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and policy. In this review, we provide valuable insights into the characteristics and principles of maternal syphilis screening and treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Dewart
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica Muller
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Craig Phillips
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Université d'Ottawa | University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Banaszak
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vera Caine
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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3
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Matthews PC, Ocama P, Wang S, El-Sayed M, Turkova A, Ford D, Torimiro J, Garcia Ferreira AC, Espinosa Miranda A, De La Hoz Restrepo FP, Seremba E, Mbu R, Pan CQ, Razavi H, Dusheiko G, Spearman CW, Hamid S. Enhancing interventions for prevention of mother-to-child- transmission of hepatitis B virus. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100777. [PMID: 37554925 PMCID: PMC10405098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a cornerstone of efforts to support progress towards elimination of viral hepatitis. Current guidelines recommend maternal screening, antiviral therapy during the third trimester of high-risk pregnancies, universal and timely HBV birth dose vaccination, and post-exposure prophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin for selected neonates. However, serological and molecular diagnostic testing, treatment and HBV vaccination are not consistently deployed, particularly in many high endemicity settings, and models predict that global targets for reduction in paediatric incidence will not be met by 2030. In this article, we briefly summarise the evidence for current practice and use this as a basis to discuss areas in which prevention of mother-to-child transmission can potentially be enhanced. By reducing health inequities, enhancing pragmatic use of resources, filling data gaps, developing advocacy and education, and seeking consistent investment from multilateral agencies, significant advances can be made to further reduce vertical transmission events, with wide health, societal and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa C. Matthews
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Infection, University College London Hospitals, 235 Euston Rd, London NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Ponsiano Ocama
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Su Wang
- Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Florham Park, NJ, USA
- Hepatitis B Foundation, Doylestown, PA, USA
| | - Manal El-Sayed
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Anna Turkova
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, 90 High Holborn, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Deborah Ford
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, 90 High Holborn, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Judith Torimiro
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS (CIRCB), Yaounde, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Ana Cristina Garcia Ferreira
- Ministry of Health, Health Surveillance Department, Department of Chronic Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections, SRTVN Quadra 701, Lote D, PO700 Building, CEP: 70719-040, Brasília/DF, Brazil
| | - Angélica Espinosa Miranda
- Ministry of Health, Health Surveillance Department, Department of Chronic Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections, SRTVN Quadra 701, Lote D, PO700 Building, CEP: 70719-040, Brasília/DF, Brazil
| | | | - Emmanuel Seremba
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robinson Mbu
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Calvin Q. Pan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Homie Razavi
- Center for Disease Analysis Foundation, 1120 W South Boulder Rd Suite 102, Lafayette, CO 80026, USA
| | - Geoffrey Dusheiko
- Liver Unit, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - C. Wendy Spearman
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saeed Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Delvaux T, Ouk V, Samreth S, Yos S, Tep R, Pall C, Keo V, Deng S, Khin Cho WH, Hul S, Chhorn S, Tuot S, Kim R. Challenges and outcomes of implementing a national syphilis follow-up system for the elimination of congenital syphilis in Cambodia: a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e063261. [PMID: 36627153 PMCID: PMC9835872 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to describe the challenges and outcomes of implementing a national syphilis follow-up system to improve syphilis management in maternal and child health (MCH) services in Cambodia. DESIGN Operational study; quantitative cohort data and cross sectional qualitative data. SETTING Public health facilities at national level and in four provinces with high syphilis prevalence in Cambodia. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women screened for syphilis; MCH health care providers and managers. METHODS We conducted an operational research using syphilis screening and treatment data collected from a national follow-up system (cohort data) and reported in the health management information system (HMIS) between 2019 and 2020. We also conducted indepth interviews with 16 pregnant women and focus group discussions with 37 healthcare providers and managers. Descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis were used. OUTCOME MEASURES Syphilis testing and treatment results and perceptions regarding these services. RESULTS A total of 470 pregnant women who tested positive in rapid syphilis testing were recorded in the national syphilis follow-up system in 2019-2020. Of these, 71% (332 of 470) received a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test and 95% (n=315) tested positive; 78% (246 of 315) received any syphilis treatment and only 28% (88 of 315) were treated adequately with benzathine penicillin G (BPG). Data from four provinces with high syphilis prevalence (more closely monitored) showed higher testing and treatment rates than at the national level. HMIS aggregated data reported a higher number of pregnant women screened and treated for syphilis than the follow-up system during the same period. Barriers to syphilis testing and treatment included late antenatal care, long distance to RPR testing and treatment, partners' lack of support to reach the health facility, BPG stockout and poor adherence to oral treatment in the absence of BPG. Providers and managers reported a lack of communication across services, insufficient skills to treat infants and absence of clear guidance regarding the revised follow-up system. Study findings contributed to changes in operating procedures nationwide to facilitate access to syphilis testing and adequate treatment and a systematic follow-up of pregnant women and exposed infants. CONCLUSIONS Study results contributed to informing improvements to syphilis management in MCH services in Cambodia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thérèse Delvaux
- Department of Publich Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vichea Ouk
- National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - Socheata Yos
- National Maternal and Child Health Center, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - Chamroen Pall
- KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | | | | | - Sivantha Hul
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Somnang Chhorn
- National Maternal and Child Health Center, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sovannary Tuot
- KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Rattana Kim
- National Maternal and Child Health Center, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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Kumar M, Abbas Z, Azami M, Belopolskaya M, Dokmeci AK, Ghazinyan H, Jia J, Jindal A, Lee HC, Lei W, Lim SG, Liu CJ, Li Q, Al Mahtab M, Muljono DH, Niriella MA, Omata M, Payawal DA, Sarin SK, Ségéral O, Tanwandee T, Trehanpati N, Visvanathan K, Yang JM, Yuen MF, Zheng Y, Zhou YH. Asian Pacific association for the study of liver (APASL) guidelines: hepatitis B virus in pregnancy. Hepatol Int 2022; 16:211-253. [PMID: 35113359 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection still remains a major public health issue in the Asia-Pacific region. Most of the burden of HBV-related disease results from infections acquired in infancy through perinatal or early childhood exposure to HBV in Asia-Pacific. Hepatitis B during pregnancy presents unique management issues for both the mother and fetus. These APASL guidelines provide a comprehensive review and recommendations based on available evidence in the literature, for the management of females with HBV infection through every stage of pregnancy and postpartum. These also address the concerns, management challenges, and required follow-up of children born to hepatitis B-positive mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.
| | - Zaigham Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Milad Azami
- Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - A K Dokmeci
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasmik Ghazinyan
- Department of Hepatology, Nork Clinical Hospital of Infectious Disease, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Jidong Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medial University, Beijing, China
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Han Chu Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Lei
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Qiang Li
- Division of Liver Diseases Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mamun Al Mahtab
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Madunil Anuk Niriella
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Masao Omata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Diana A Payawal
- Fatima University Medical Center Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.
| | - Olivier Ségéral
- French Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis, University of Health Science, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Tawesak Tanwandee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nirupma Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kumar Visvanathan
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jin Mo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Li Shu Fan Medical Foundation Professor in Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yingjie Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y H Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Olakunde BO, Adeyinka DA, Ndukwe CD, Oladele TT, Yahaya HB, Ijaodola OA. Antenatal hepatitis B screening in Nigeria: A comparative analysis with syphilis and HIV. Int J STD AIDS 2021; 32:1290-1297. [PMID: 34387113 DOI: 10.1177/09564624211035922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nigeria has adopted routine screening of pregnant women for hepatitis B virus (HBV) as part of the interventions to eliminate its vertical transmission. However, there is a dearth of evidence on the coverage of routine antenatal HBV screening as recommended in the national guidelines. This study examined the antenatal HBV screening rate and the positivity rate compared with syphilis and HIV. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the 2019 national HIV/AIDS health sector data. The study included approximately 2.8 million pregnant women who received antenatal care (ANC) in over 6000 health facilities providing prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Nigeria. Of the ANC clients, 0.2 million (7.2%) were screened for HBV. At the zonal level, the South West had the highest HBV screening rate (19%), while the lowest rate was in the North East (2.5%). The percentage of pregnant women screened for HBV was lower than those screened for syphilis (16.3%) and HIV (90.3%). Among those screened for HBV, the positivity rate was 5%. The HBV positivity rate ranged from 8.5% in the North Central zone to 1.3% in the South East zone. The positivity rates for syphilis and HIV were 0.4% and 0.5%, respectively. Our results indicate a low antenatal HBV screening rate and a wide disparity compared with HIV and syphilis. This finding highlights the need to understand and address the barriers affecting routine antenatal HBV screening and to strengthen the integration of HBV services into the HIV program in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babayemi O Olakunde
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.,Center for Translation and Implementation Research, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Daniel A Adeyinka
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria.,Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Chinwendu D Ndukwe
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria.,African Institute of Health Policy and Health Systems, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope T Oladele
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Hidayat B Yahaya
- Department of Community Prevention and Care Services, 434818National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olugbengba A Ijaodola
- Department of Public Health, National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
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