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Shen C, Wang C, Zhao S, Guo Q. Acrylamide, acrylic acid, or 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid induced cytotoxic in Photobacterium phosphoreum, PC12, and SK-N-SH cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:489-499. [PMID: 36583560 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In enhancing oil recovery, more and more new water-soluble polymers are developed to replace the high toxicity and low stability acrylamide (ACR) monomer. The common replacement monomer is acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), which are considered safe and efficient. In this study, AA, ACR and AMPS caused remarkable cytotoxicity in Photobacterium phosphoreum, the rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) and the Human neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH). ACR is much more lethal than AA and AMPS in PC12 and SK-N-SH cells, meanwhile, the toxicity of AA and AMPS decreases with the decrease of acid. Furthermore, similar to ACR, AA, and AMPS can induce severe DNA double-strand breakage in PC12 and SK-N-SH cells. Both AA and ACR can cause cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in PC12 and SK-N-SH cells. In addition, like ACR, AA, and AMPS can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in both PC12 and SK-N-SH cells. The acute toxicity of AA and AMPS is lower than ACR, however, the decline in acute toxicity in monomers does not mean toxic-free. We should focus on the toxicity of AA and ACR and reduce occupational contact to protect employee occupational health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Qiangzhi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
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2
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Di M, Zhang Q, Wang J, Xiao X, Huang J, Ma Y, Yang H, Li M. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis via silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1)/nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23203. [PMID: 36056792 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis in vivo and in vitro will be explored in this study. The endometritis model was induced in female BALB/c mice uterus by perfusion with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and EGCG were administered at 1 h before LPS induction. The primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) were treated with EGCG for 1 h before LPS stimulation. Uterine histopathological changes, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress markers were determined. The extent of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1), nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and Caspase1 was detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR assays. The results showed that EGCG significantly reversed the LPS-induced uterine histopathological changes, MPO activity, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Additionally, EGCG decreased oxidative stress and reduced cell apoptosis by upregulating SIRT1 expression, downregulating the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These findings indicated that EGCG exerted its greatest protective effects by blocking inflammatory responses, lowering oxidative stress, and reducing apoptosis via the SIRT1/NLRP3, making its promising candidate treatment for endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Di
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital. Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xifeng Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlei Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongya Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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He Y, Yang Z, Pi J, Cai T, Xia Y, Cao X, Liu J. EGCG attenuates the neurotoxicity of methylglyoxal via regulating MAPK and the downstream signaling pathways and inhibiting advanced glycation end products formation. Food Chem 2022; 384:132358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang A, Chen X, Wang L, Jia W, Wan X, Jiao J, Yao W, Zhang Y. Catechins protect against acrylamide- and glycidamide-induced cellular toxicity via rescuing cellular apoptosis and DNA damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 167:113253. [PMID: 35738327 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) occurs in both various environmental and dietary sources and has raised widespread concern as a probable carcinogen. Glycidamide (GA) is the main genotoxic metabolite through P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). In the present study, we investigate the protective effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin (EC) against AA- and GA-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that EC and EGCG inhibited AA- and GA-induced cytotoxicity and mitochondria-mediated cellular apoptosis. Moreover, exposure to AA (100 μg/mL) and GA (50 μg/mL) caused cell cycle arrest and DNA damage, while EC and EGCG ranging from 12.5 to 50 μg/mL rescued cell cycle arrest and inhibited DNA damage. Furthermore, EC and EGCG down-regulated pro-apoptotic protein Bax and Caspase 3 after 24 h treatment in HepG2 cells exposed to AA (100 μg/mL) or GA (50 μg/mL). Also, the intervention with EC or EGCG up-regulated DNA repair related protein PARP and down-regulated expression of cleaved-PARP. Besides, EC exerted better protective effect than EGCG against AA- and GA-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Altogether, EC and EGCG were effective in protecting AA- and GA-induced hepatotoxicity via rescuing cellular apoptosis and DNA damage, as well as promoting cell cycle progression in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Laizhao Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Jia
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition of Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weixuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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BEYAZ S, GÖK Ö, ASLAN A. The therapeutic effects and antioxidant properties of epigallocatechin-3 gallate: A new review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1017559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abd-Elsalam RM, El Badawy SA, Ogaly HA, Ibrahim FM, Farag OM, Ahmed KA. Eruca sativa seed extract modulates oxidative stress and apoptosis and up-regulates the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes in acrylamide-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53249-53266. [PMID: 34024031 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) has been previously associated with male sexual dysfunction and infertility. Eruca sativa (L.) (arugula or rocket) have been widely used in traditional remedies in Mediterranean region and western Asia and was known for its strong aphrodisiac effect since Roman times. The current study was designed to investigate LC/MS analysis of total ethanol extract Eruca sativa (L.) and the efficiency and mechanism of action of Eruca sativa seed extract (ESS) in reducing hypogonadism induced by acrylamide in male rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 7): control group, Eruca sativa seed extract (ESS) at doses of 100 and 200 mg\kg, acrylamide (ACR), ACR + ESS 100 mg/kg, and ACR + ESS 200 mg/kg. The animals received ACR at a dose of 10 mg/kg b.wt for 60 days. Sperm indices, testicular oxidative stress, testosterone hormone, and testicular histopathology and immunohistochemistry of PCNA and caspase-3 were investigated. Moreover, the expression level of testicular B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) genes was evaluated. In respect to the LC/MS of total ethanol extract Eruca sativa (L.) seed revealed tentative identification of 39 compounds, which belongs to different classes as sulphur-containing compounds, flavonoids, phenolic acid, and fatty acids. Administration of ESS extract (100, 200 mg/kg) improved semen quality, diminished lipid peroxidation, enhanced testicular antioxidant enzyme, restored serum testosterone level, and reduced testicular degeneration and Leydig cell death in the rats intoxicated with ACR. However, the effects of ESS at the dose of 200 mg/kg were similar to that of control group. Furthermore, ESS treatment significantly induced anti-apoptotic effect indicated by elevation of both Bcl-2 and Bax expressions. Nutriceutics of ESS extract protects testis against ACR-induced testicular toxicity via normalizing testicular steroidogenesis, keeping Leydig cells, and improving oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Shymaa A El Badawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, Collage of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Faten M Ibrahim
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ola M Farag
- General Organization for Veterinary Services, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Kacar S, Sahinturk V. The Protective Agents Used against Acrylamide Toxicity: An In Vitro Cell Culture Study-Based Review. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:367-381. [PMID: 34455711 PMCID: PMC8405082 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a dangerous electrophile with the potency to react with many biological moieties including proteins, and nucleic acids as well as other macromolecules. Acrylamide was first only known a chemical exposed in working areas as a neurotoxicant, it was later discovered that beyond just being a neurotoxicant exposed in industrial areas, acrylamide is exposed via daily foods as well. As such, several strategies have been sought to be developed to relieve the toxic spectrum of this chemical. The utilization of a protective agent against acrylamide toxicity was one of those strategies. To date, many agents with protective potency have been investigated. Herein, we compiled these agents and their effects shown in in vitro studies. We used the search engines of Web of Knowledge and searched the keywords "acrylamide" and "protect" in the titles along with the keyword "cell" in the topics. Twenty-one directly related articles out of 35 articles were examined. Briefly, all agents used against acrylamide were reported to exhibit protective activity. In most of these reports, 5 mM concentration of acrylamide and 24-hour treatment were the employed dose and duration. Usually, the beneficial agents were pre-treated to the cells. PC12 cells were the most utilized cell line, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways were the most studied pathways. This study, beside other importance, can be utilized as a guide for how the protective studies against acrylamide were done and which parameters were investigated in in vitro acrylamide studies. In conclusion, taking measures is of utmost importance to prevent or alleviate the toxicity of acrylamide, to which we are daily exposed even in our homes. Therefore, future studies should persist in focusing on mitigating acrylamide toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Kacar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Varol Sahinturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Abd Al Haleem EN, Hasan WYS, Arafa HMM. Therapeutic effects of thymoquinone or capsaicin on acrylamide-induced reproductive toxicity in rats mediated by their effect on oxidative stress, inflammation, and tight junction integrity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2328-2340. [PMID: 34233550 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1942485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the field of environmental toxicology, endocrine-disrupting effects have become a major concern. The present research set out to investigate the possible reproductive toxicity of acrylamide. The research was also expanded to explore the protective effects of two nutraceuticals, thymoquinone (TQ) and capsaicin, against acrylamide-induced reproductive toxicity. Six groups of sixty male albino rats were created. Group 1 was used as a control. Rats were administered a daily dose of acrylamide and acted as the model in Group 2. TQ was provided to rats once a day in Group 3. Capsaicin was administered to rats once a day in Group 4. TQ was given once daily to rats exposed to acrylamide in Group 5. Rats were given capsaicin once a day for eight weeks after being exposed to acrylamide in Group 6. Acrylamide induced oxidative stress, testicular NF-κB/p65 expression, and down-regulated the expression of occludin, all of which can contribute to its testicular toxicity, while TQ or capsaicin removes all of these toxicity signs. TQ and capsaicin have shown efficacy in alleviating all of the acrylamide's toxic insults in the current reproductive toxicity model. Both nutraceuticals upregulated the expression of occludin in testicular tissue and restored tight junction integrity, in addition to their well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which were confirmed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekram Nemr Abd Al Haleem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Yousef Soliman Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Farag OM, Abd-Elsalam RM, El Badawy SA, Ogaly HA, Alsherbiny MA, Ahmed KA. Portulaca oleracea seeds' extract alleviates acrylamide-induced testicular dysfunction by promoting oxidative status and steroidogenic pathway in rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:122. [PMID: 33853605 PMCID: PMC8045344 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acrylamide (ACR) is a widespread industrial and food contaminant that garnered considerable attention for its carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and reproductive toxic effects. The antioxidant effects of Portulaca oleracea seeds extract (POS) and its fertility-enhancing effects were inspiring to evaluate the protective potential and pinpoint the mechanisms and molecular targets of the UPLC-MS fingerprinted POS extract on ACR-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups of negative control, ACR model (10 mg/kg b.wt.), POS at doses of (200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt.) and POS-treated ACR groups. All treatments were given by oral dosing every day for 60 days. Results Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. It upregulated the declined level of serum testosterone and the expression of steroidogenic genes such as CYP11A1 and 17β3-HSD with an obvious histologic improvement of the testes with re-establishment of the normal spermatogenic series, Sertoli and Leydig cells. Conclusions The supplementation with POS extract may provide a potential protective effect for ACR-induced testicular dysfunction which is mediated by its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and steroidogenic modulatory effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03286-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola M Farag
- General Organization for Veterinary Services, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham M Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Shymaa A El Badawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Muhammad A Alsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Ahmad Bainmahfouz FR, Ali SS, Al-Shali RA, El-Shitany NAEA. Vitamin E and 5-amino salicylic acid ameliorates acrylamide-induced peripheral neuropathy by inhibiting caspase-3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoexpression. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101935. [PMID: 33588031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a fundamental cause of accidental toxicity in humans. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of vitamin E (Vit. E), 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA), and their combination against acrylamide-induced sciatic nerve toxicity. For this purpose, 25 male Wister rats were divided into 5 groups: control, acrylamide, acrylamide + Vit. E, acrylamide + 5-ASA, and acrylamide + Vit. E + 5-ASA. Food intake and body weight were assessed after 7 days. Furthermore, the gait score was also evaluated for each rat. The sciatic nerve was dissected, fixed, and processed for routine light and electron microscopic examination. Haematoxylin and eosin, osmium tetroxide for myelin sheath, and toluidine blue for semithin section were used. In addition, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were performed. The results showed reduced food intake and body weight in acrylamide rats. Abnormal gait score was also recorded in acrylamide rats with significant improvement in Vit. E, and Vit. E + 5-ASA groups. Histologically, Vit. E and 5-ASA provided potential protection against decreased sciatic nerve axon density, disrupted myelination, and the alteration in the immunohistochemistry induced by acrylamide. Vit. E and its combination with 5-ASA provided more evident protection compared to 5-ASA alone. 5-ASA significantly decreased apoptotic cell death (caspase-3 immunoexpression) while Vit. E failed. Both Vit. E and 5-ASA significantly decreased iNOS immunoexpression in the sciatic nerve, where 5-ASA was superior to Vit. E. These findings concluded that both Vit. E and 5-ASA protect against acrylamide-induced peripheral neuropathy through downregulation of both caspase-3 and iNOS immunoexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah Rais Ahmad Bainmahfouz
- Department of Anatomy, Cytology, and Histology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soad Shaker Ali
- Department of Anatomy, Cytology, and Histology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology, College of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
| | - Rasha Abdulrahman Al-Shali
- Department of Anatomy, Cytology, and Histology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nagla Abd El-Aziz El-Shitany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
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Wang W, Huang L, Thomas ER, Hu Y, Zeng F, Li X. Notoginsenoside R1 Protects Against the Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity via Upregulating Trx-1-Mediated ITGAV Expression: Involvement of Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:559046. [PMID: 32982756 PMCID: PMC7493052 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.559046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a common chemical used in various industries and it said to have chronic neurotoxic effects. It is produced during tobacco smoking and is also generated in high-starch foods during heat processing. Notoginsenoside R1 (NR1) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is used to improve the blood circulation and clotting. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of ACR-triggered neurotoxicity and to identify the protective role of NR1 by upregulating thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1). Our results have shown that NR1 could block the spatial and cognitive impairment caused by ACR administration. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Trx-1 regulated autophagy via Integrin alpha V (ITGAV). NR1 could resist the ACR-induced neurotoxicity by upregulating thioredoxin-1 in PC12 cells and mice. The autophagy-related proteins like autophagy-related gene (ATG) 4B, Cathepsin D, LC3 II, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2a (LAMP2a), and ITGAV were restored to normal levels by NR1 treatment in both PC12 cells and mice. Besides, we also found that overexpression of Trx-1 resisted ACR-induced autophagy in PC12 cells and downregulation of Trx-1 triggered autophagy induced by ACR in PC12 cells. Therefore, it could be concluded that Trx-1 was involved in the autophagy pathway. Besides, we also found that ITGAV was an intermediate node linking Trx-1 and the autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Institute for Cancer Medicine and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | | | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Kunnel SG, Subramanya S, Satapathy P, Sahoo I, Zameer F. Acrylamide Induced Toxicity and the Propensity of Phytochemicals in Amelioration: A Review. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:100-113. [PMID: 30734688 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190207160236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is widely found in baked and fried foods, produced in large amount in industries and is a prime component in toxicity. This review highlights various toxicities that are induced due to acrylamide, its proposed mode of action including oxidative stress cascades and ameliorative mechanisms using phytochemicals. Acrylamide formation, the mechanism of toxicity and the studies on the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions are elaborated in this paper. The various types of toxicities caused by Acrylamide and the modulation studies using phytochemicals that are carried out on various type of toxicity like neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, immune system, and skeletal system, as well as embryos have been explored. Lacunae of studies include the need to explore methods for reducing the formation of acrylamide in food while cooking and also better modulators for alleviating the toxicity and associated dysfunctions along with identifying its molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinomol George Kunnel
- Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi), Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bengaluru - 560 078, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunitha Subramanya
- Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi), Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bengaluru - 560 078, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankaj Satapathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bengaluru-560 078, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishtapran Sahoo
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore- 560066, India
| | - Farhan Zameer
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bengaluru-560 078, Karnataka, India
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13
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Fei F, Su N, Li X, Fei Z. Neuroprotection mediated by natural products and their chemical derivatives. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:2008-2015. [PMID: 32394948 PMCID: PMC7716029 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.282240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal injuries can lead to various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, trauma, ischemia and, more specifically, glaucoma and optic neuritis. The cellular mechanisms that regulate neuronal death include calcium influx and calcium overload, excitatory amino acid release, oxidative stress, inflammation and microglial activation. Much attention has been paid to the effective prevention and treatment of neuroprotective drugs by natural products. This review summarizes the neuroprotective aspects of natural products, extracted from Panax ginseng, Camellia sinensis, soy and some other plants, and some of their chemical derivatives. Their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory action and their inhibition of apoptosis and microglial activation are assessed. This will provide new directions for the development of novel drugs and strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ning Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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14
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Xu YQ, Yu P, Zhou W. Combined effect of pH and temperature on the stability and antioxidant capacity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in aqueous system. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Yildizbayrak N, Erkan M. Therapeutic effect of curcumin on acrylamide-induced apoptosis mediated by MAPK signaling pathway in Leydig cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22326. [PMID: 31081568 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of curcumin (CUR), against acrylamide (AA)-induced toxic effects on Leydig cells. The AA and CUR-treated cells were evaluated for cell viability, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide), antioxidant levels (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and catalase), apoptosis/necrosis rates and phosphorylation status of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Leydig cells were exposed to four concentrations of AA (1, 10, 100, 1000 µM) in the presence and absence of CUR (2.5 µM) for 24 hours. According to the present result, AA concentration-dependently, increased the oxidative stress parameters and suppressed the antioxidant enzyme levels, meanwhile induced apoptosis and activated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase. Moreover, CUR ameliorated the detrimental effects of AA. Thus, AA-induced apoptosis through activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and CUR has a protective effect against AA-induced damage in Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebahat Yildizbayrak
- Department of Biology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Erkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Goudarzi M, Mombeini MA, Fatemi I, Aminzadeh A, Kalantari H, Nesari A, Najafzadehvarzi H, Mehrzadi S. Neuroprotective effects of Ellagic acid against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurol Res 2019; 41:419-428. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1576319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Mombeini
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aminzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Pharmaceutics Research Center Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Nesari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Najafzadehvarzi
- Cellular and molecular biology research center, Health research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Ding L, Gao X, Hu J, Yu S. (‑)Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate attenuates anesthesia‑induced memory deficit in young mice via modulation of nitric oxide expression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4813-4820. [PMID: 30320383 PMCID: PMC6236261 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(−)Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a type of polyphenol monomer and is the predominant component of catechin compounds extractable from green tea. Previous studies have demonstrated that EGCG exhibits numerous bioactivities both in vitro and in vivo, including antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as lowering blood lipid levels and protecting against radiation. The present study aimed to investigate whether administration of EGCG may attenuate anesthesia-induced memory deficit in young mice and to reveal the associated underlying mechanisms. The present study revealed that EGCG administration significantly attenuated memory deficit, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis exhibited by anesthesia-induced mice, as determined by Morris water maze testing and ELISA analysis. Furthermore, the results of ELISA and western blot analysis demonstrated that EGCG administration restored acetylcholinesterase activity and modulated the expression levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), β-amyloid and amyloid precursor protein in anesthesia-induced mice. The present study also employed L-arginine as an nNOS substrate and 7-nitroindazole as an nNOS inhibitor, which were demonstrated to inhibit or potentiate the effects of EGCG, respectively, on anesthesia-induced memory deficit in mice. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the administration of EGCG attenuated anesthesia-induced memory deficit in young mice, potentially via the modulation of nitric oxide expression and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Jianlei Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Shenghui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
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18
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The critical role of epigallocatechin gallate in regulating mitochondrial metabolism. Future Med Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0204
expr 946749968 + 822201775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), one of polyphenols isolated from green tea, exhibits biology-benefiting effects with minimum severe adverse. EGCG is known to be a mitochondrion-targeting medicinal agent, regulating mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and mitochondria-mediated cell cycle and apoptosis. EGCG might exhibit either antioxidative activity to prevent against oxidative stress or pro-oxidative activity to counteract cancer cells, which depends on the cellular stress situations, cell types and the concentration of EGCG. Recent research has gained positive and promising data. This review will discuss the interaction between EGCG and mitochondrion.
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19
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The critical role of epigallocatechin gallate in regulating mitochondrial metabolism. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:795-809. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), one of polyphenols isolated from green tea, exhibits biology-benefiting effects with minimum severe adverse. EGCG is known to be a mitochondrion-targeting medicinal agent, regulating mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and mitochondria-mediated cell cycle and apoptosis. EGCG might exhibit either antioxidative activity to prevent against oxidative stress or pro-oxidative activity to counteract cancer cells, which depends on the cellular stress situations, cell types and the concentration of EGCG. Recent research has gained positive and promising data. This review will discuss the interaction between EGCG and mitochondrion.
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20
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Lee S, Park HR, Lee JY, Cho JH, Song HM, Kim AH, Lee W, Lee Y, Chang SC, Kim HS, Lee J. Learning, memory deficits, and impaired neuronal maturation attributed to acrylamide. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:254-265. [PMID: 29473799 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1440184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a neurotoxin known to produce neurotoxicity characterized by ataxia, skeletal muscle weakness, cognitive impairment, and numbness of the extremities. Previously, investigators reported that high-dose (50 mg/kg) ACR impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and increased neural progenitor cell death; however, the influence of subchronic environmentally relevant low dose-(2, 20, or 200 μg/kg) ACRs have not been examined in adult neurogenesis or cognitive function in mice. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether low-dose ACR adversely affected mouse hippocampal neurogenesis and neurocognitive functions. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered vehicle or ACR at 2, 20, or 200 μg/kg/day for 4 weeks. ACR did not significantly alter the number of newly generated cells or produce neuroinflammation or neuronal loss in hippocampi. However, behavioral studies revealed that 200 μg/kg ACR produced learning and memory impairment. Furthermore, incubation of ACR with primary cultured neurons during the developmental stage was found to delay neuronal maturation without affecting cell viability indicating the presence of developmental neurotoxicity. These findings indicate that although exposure to in vivo low-dose ACR daily for 4 weeks exerted no apparent marked effect on hippocampal neurogenesis, in vitro observations in primary cultured neurons noted adverse effects on learning and memory impairment suggestive of neurotoxic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulah Lee
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ra Park
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Lee
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Cho
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Song
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Hyun Kim
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjong Lee
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Lee
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- b Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- c School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- a Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
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Camellia sinensis Prevents Perinatal Nicotine-Induced Neurobehavioral Alterations, Tissue Injury, and Oxidative Stress in Male and Female Mice Newborns. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5985219. [PMID: 28588748 PMCID: PMC5447281 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5985219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy induces oxidative stress and leads to behavioral alterations in early childhood and young adulthood. The current study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) against perinatal nicotine-induced behavioral alterations and oxidative stress in mice newborns. Pregnant mice received 50 mg/kg C. sinensis on gestational day 1 (PD1) to postnatal day 15 (D15) and were subcutaneously injected with 0.25 mg/kg nicotine from PD12 to D15. Nicotine-exposed newborns showed significant delay in eye opening and hair appearance and declined body weight at birth and at D21. Nicotine induced neuromotor alterations in both male and female newborns evidenced by the suppressed righting, rotating, and cliff avoidance reflexes. Nicotine-exposed newborns exhibited declined memory, learning, and equilibrium capabilities, as well as marked anxiety behavior. C. sinensis significantly improved the physical development, neuromotor maturation, and behavioral performance in nicotine-exposed male and female newborns. In addition, C. sinensis prevented nicotine-induced tissue injury and lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant defenses in the cerebellum and medulla oblongata of male and female newborns. In conclusion, this study shows that C. sinensis confers protective effects against perinatal nicotine-induced neurobehavioral alterations, tissue injury, and oxidative stress in mice newborns.
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22
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He Y, Tan D, Mi Y, Zhou Q, Ji S. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates cerebral cortex damage and promotes brain regeneration in acrylamide-treated rats. Food Funct 2017; 8:2275-2282. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01823h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
ACR increased the rate of nestin-positive cells implying that ACR caused cell damage, and EGCG decreased the rates of nestin-positive cells against ACR suggesting that EGCG may promote cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin He
- College of Food
- Shenyang Agricultural University
- Shenyang City 110866
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dehong Tan
- College of Food
- Shenyang Agricultural University
- Shenyang City 110866
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Mi
- College of Food
- Shenyang Agricultural University
- Shenyang City 110866
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhou
- College of Food
- Shenyang Agricultural University
- Shenyang City 110866
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Ji
- College of Food
- Shenyang Agricultural University
- Shenyang City 110866
- People's Republic of China
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