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New esters with thioxoimidazoquinazoline ring – Synthesis, spectral characterization and quantum mechanical modelling. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kovacik A, Tvrda E, Fulopova D, Cupka P, Kovacikova E, Zbynovska K, Massanyi P. In Vitro Assessment of Gentamicin Cytotoxicity on the Selected Mammalian Cell Line (Vero cells). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/arls-2017-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of different concentrations (500-7500 μg/mL) of gentamicin - GENT (aminoglycoside antibiotic) on the selected mammalian cell line (Vero - cell line from African green monkey kidney). Analysis of the cell morphological changes was microscopically evaluated (magnification × 400). Quantification of Ca, Mg and total proteins was performed using spectrophotometry on device Rx Monza (Randox). Quantification of Na, K and Cl was performed on the automatic analyzer EasyLyte. The cell viability was assessed using the metabolic mitochondrial MTT test. Vero cells were able to survive at concentrations of 500 (89.21 %), 1000 (79.54 %) and 2000 μg/mL (34.59 %). We observed statistically significant decrease of vital cell content at concentrations of 2000, 4500, 7500 μg/mL against control group. Vero cell line slightly reacted to the presence of GENT but total proteins and mineral parameters were not significantly affected. Vero cells were highly sensitive to GENT with a significant decrease of viability at concentrations of 2000 and 4500 μg/mL (P < 0.001). Our data reveal that GENT has a significant cytotoxic and adverse effect on the cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kovacik
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76-Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Slovak Republic
| | - Eva Tvrda
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76-Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Slovak Republic
| | - Diana Fulopova
- Institute for State Control of Veterinary Biologicals and Medicines, 949 01-Nitra, Biovetska 34, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Cupka
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76-Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Slovak Republic
| | - Eva Kovacikova
- Research Centre AgroBioTech, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76-Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarina Zbynovska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76-Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76-Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Slovak Republic
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Klásek A, Lyčka A, Mikšík I, Růžička A. Reaction of 3-phenyl-3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanates. Facile access to novel spiro-linked 2-thioxoimidazolidine-oxindoles and imidazoline-2-thiones. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Synthesis of 2-thioxoimidazolines via reaction of 1-unsubstituted 3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanates. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Romero F, Pérez M, Chávez M, Parra G, Durante P. Effect of uric acid on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats - role of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2009; 105:416-24. [PMID: 19821833 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to study the effect of uric acid on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of six groups (six rats each) which received intraperitoneal injections for 9 days: (S) saline; (UA) Uric acid alone; (G) Gentamicin alone; (G + UA) Gentamicin + uric acid; (G rec) Gentamicin recovery and (G + UA rec) Gentamicin + uric acid recovery. In (G rec) and (G + UA rec), rats recovered for 7 days after the last injection. Urine and blood samples were taken on day 0 and at the end of every stage. Kidneys were harvested for histological scoring, determination of renal malondialdehyde (MDA), zymography and western blots for matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Uric acid alone did not provoke changes in biochemical and histological parameters when compared to controls. Gentamicin alone increased significantly plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and caused a moderate histological damage. When combined with uric acid, these conditions worsened. MMP-9 activity and expression was decreased in rats from group G + UA as compared with rats from group G, while activity of MMP-2 was similarly increased in both groups when compared to controls. The increase in renal MDA induced by gentamicin was not altered when it was combined with uric acid. During the recovery stage, all biochemical parameters returned to normal levels, though a trend for delay of tubular damage recovery was observed in group G + UA rec when compared with group G rec. The results indicate that uric acid worsens gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The mechanism is likely to implicate down-regulation of MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Romero
- Centre for Biomedical Investigations, IVIC-Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
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Van Rostenberghe H, Ho JJ, Quah BS, Noraida R. The effects of thyroxine on end organ damage in asphyxiated neonates. Hippokratia 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Van Rostenberghe
- Universiti Sains Malaysia; Department of Pediatrics; Kubang Kerian Kelantan Malaysia 16150
| | - Jacqueline J Ho
- Penang Medical College; Department of Paediatrics; 4 Sepoy Lines Penang Malaysia 10450
| | - BS Quah
- Universiti Sains Malaysia; Department of Paediatrics; Kubang Kerian Kelantan Malaysia 16150
| | - R Noraida
- Universiti Sains Malaysia; Department of Paediatrics; Kubang Kerian Kelantan Malaysia 16150
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Klásek A, Mrkvička V, Lyčka A, Mikšík I, Růžička A. Reaction of 1-substituted 3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanates. An easy pathway to generate novel 2-thioxo-1′H-spiro[imidazoline-5,3′-indole]-2,2′-diones. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ali BH, Al-Qarawi AA, Mahmoud OM, Hashad M. Influence of Spironolactone Treatment on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 95:20-3. [PMID: 15245572 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2004.pto950105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of treatment of rats with gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day for 6 days), oral doses of spironolacatone (20 mg/kg/day for 6 days), and the combined treatment (spironolactone + gentamicin) on renal histology and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, and some serum constituents indicative of kidney function were studied. The serum concentrations of creatinine and urea were not significantly affected by spironolactone treatment, but were significantly elevated (P<0.05) by gentamicin administration. The antibiotic treatment also reduced GSH concentration and caused a moderate renal cortical necrosis. However, rats exposed to spironolactone + gentamicin revealed drastic increases in the serum urea and creatinine concentrations amounting to about 1.8 and 2.1 times those of rats treated with gentamicin alone, respectively. The histological examination of slides of the renal cortex of rats exposed to the combined drugs exhibited more extensive necrosis in the tubules when compared to those treated with gentamicin alone. The reduction in GSH induced by gentamicin was unaffected by the concomitant treatment of gentamicin and spironolactone. The concentration of gentamicin accumulated in the renal cortex was significantly larger (twofold) in rats treated concomitantly with spironolactone + gentamicin than in rats treated with gentamicin alone. The present results indicate that spironolactone aggravates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, King Saud University, Burydah, Saudi Arabia.
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Morales AI, Buitrago JM, Santiago JM, Fernández-Tagarro M, López-Novoa JM, Pérez-Barriocanal F. Protective effect of trans-resveratrol on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2002; 4:893-8. [PMID: 12573138 DOI: 10.1089/152308602762197434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reduction observed after gentamicin treatment. trans-Resveratrol (TR), a natural hydroxystilbene, has been identified to be a potent inhibitor of ROS production. The aim of this work has been to study whether TR has a protective effect on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo and the effect of TR on lipid peroxidation and the oxidative stress induced by gentamicin. Animals that received a daily intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin (100 mg/kg body weight) showed lower GFR and renal blood flow (RBF) and higher urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) than control rats. Rats receiving TR together with gentamicin showed higher GFR and RBF and lower NAG urinary excretion than rats receiving gentamicin alone. Moreover, renal lipid peroxidation increased in rats receiving gentamicin alone, and this increase was prevented by the administration of TR. The concentration in plasma of antioxidants was higher in the group that received TR with gentamicin than in the gentamicin and control groups. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were higher in rats treated with gentamicin than in control rats and were reduced by the treatment with TR. This study demonstrates an improvement in renal function in response to the administration of TR in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. At least a part of this effect of TR could be based on its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Morales
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Parsons PP, Garland HO, Harpur ES. Localization of the nephron site of gentamicin-induced hypercalciuria in the rat: a micropuncture study. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 130:441-9. [PMID: 10807684 PMCID: PMC1572084 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2000] [Revised: 02/25/2000] [Accepted: 02/29/2000] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo renal micropuncture techniques were used to locate the nephron site of hypercalciuria induced by acute gentamicin infusion in anaesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. Three series of experiments were conducted. The effect of gentamicin on calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule (Series I) and loop of Henle (Series II) was investigated using in vivo microperfusion whereas the effect on distal calcium handling (Series III) was studied using in vivo microinfusion. In all three experimental series, acute systemic gentamicin infusion at 0.28 mg kg(-1) min(-1) caused significant hypercalciuria within 30 min of commencing drug infusion. Gentamicin had no effect on the rates of urine flow or sodium excretion. Acute gentamicin infusion had no effect on unidirectional calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule or loop of Henle despite a simultaneous and highly significant hypercalciuria at the whole kidney level. Net fluid reabsorption was also unaffected by the drug in these nephron segments. Acute gentamicin infusion significantly increased the urinary recovery of calcium following microinfusion into early distal tubules, whereas urinary calcium recovery was decreased after microinfusion into late distal tubules. We conclude that acute gentamicin-induced hypercalciuria is mediated by a decrease in calcium reabsorption in the early distal tubule. Thus, the acute hypercalciuric effect of gentamicin occurs at a different nephron site to the nephrotoxic effects associated with longer-term administration of the drug. It is, therefore, unlikely that gentamicin-induced hypercalciuria is involved in the pathogenesis of subsequent proximal tubular cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Parsons
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Ali BH, Bashir AK, Mugamer IT, Tanira MO. Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in the rat: influence of age and diabetes mellitus. Hum Exp Toxicol 1996; 15:51-55. [PMID: 8845210 DOI: 10.1177/096032719601500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
1. This work examines the influence of age on some nephrotoxic signs of gentamicin in normal and diabetic rats (aged 1 and 24 months). 2. Gentamicin (80 mg-1 kg-1 day for 6 days, intramuscularly) produced the typical pattern of nephrotoxicity; significantly increasing the plasma concentrations of creatinine and urea, and the urinary excretion of protein, copper and zinc and significantly reducing creatinine clearance and cortical alkaline phosphatase activity. The antibiotic produced a marked damage in the proximal renal tubules. Nearly all of these effects were more marked in the old than in the young rats. Cortical gentamicin concentration in the young was about 67% of that in the old. 3. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes significantly ameliorated the signs of nephrotoxicity of gentamicin in young rats. In old rats, diabetes had significantly less protective effect on the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxic signs than in the young rats. Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in diabetic old rats induced mortality in about a third of the animals used, whereas no mortality was seen in young diabetic rats treated with gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Ali
- Desert and Marine Environment Research Centre, United Arab Emirates
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Ali BH. Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in humans and animals: some recent research. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1995; 26:1477-87. [PMID: 8690234 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(95)00049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It would appear from the literature cited in this article, that interest in gentamicin nephrotoxicity is still thriving. Despite extensive studies, the mechanism(s) of the nephrotoxicity is uncertain. Several clinical and experimental strategies have been employed in order to ameliorate or abolish the signs of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Most of these were unsuccessful, impractical or unsafe. Therefore there is still a need for further studies to elucidate the mechanism(s) of action of the drugs nephrotoxicity, and to discover safe, practical and effective agents to ameliorate the nephrotoxicity in patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Ali
- Desert and Marine Environment Research Centre, United Arab Emirates University Al-Ain
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