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Ramirez GA, Tassi E, Noviello M, Mazzi BA, Moroni L, Citterio L, Zagato L, Tombetti E, Doglio M, Baldissera EM, Bozzolo EP, Bonini C, Dagna L, Manfredi AA. Histone-Specific CD4 + T Cell Plasticity in Active and Quiescent Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:739-750. [PMID: 38111123 DOI: 10.1002/art.42778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess whether circulating histone-specific T cells represent tools for precision medicine in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Seroprevalence of autoantibodies and HLA-DR beta (DRB) 1 profile were assessed among 185 patients with SLE and combined with bioinformatics and literature evidence to identify HLA-peptide autoepitope couples for ex vivo detection of antigen-specific T cells through flow cytometry. T cell differentiation and polarization was investigated in patients with SLE, patients with Takayasu arteritis, and healthy controls carrying HLA-DRB1*03:01 and/or HLA-DRB1*11:01. SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 and Lupus Low Disease Activity State were used to estimate disease activity and remission. RESULTS Histone-specific CD4+ T cells were selectively detected in patients with SLE. Among patients with a history of anti-DNA antibodies, 77% had detectable histone-specific T cells, whereas 50% had lymphocytes releasing cytokines or upregulating activation markers after in vitro challenge with histone peptide antigens. Histone-specific regulatory and effector T helper (Th) 1-, Th2-, and atypical Th1/Th17 (Th1*)-polarized cells were significantly more abundant in patients with SLE with quiescent disease. In contrast, total Th1-, Th2-, and Th1*-polarized and regulatory T cells were similarly represented between patients and controls or patients with SLE with active versus quiescent disease. Histone-specific effector memory T cells accumulated in the blood of patients with quiescent SLE, whereas total effector memory T cell counts did not change. Immunosuppressants were associated with expanded CD4+ histone-specific naive T (TN) and terminally differentiated T cells. CONCLUSION Histone-specific T cells are selectively detected in patients with SLE, and their concentration in the blood varies with disease activity, suggesting that they represent innovative tools for patient stratification and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe A Ramirez
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luca Moroni
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chiara Bonini
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Litvinova E, Bounaix C, Hanouna G, Da Silva J, Noailles L, Beaudoin L, Padden M, Bellamri N, Lehuen A, Daugas E, Monteiro RC, Flament H. MAIT cells altered phenotype and cytotoxicity in lupus patients are linked to renal disease severity and outcome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1205405. [PMID: 37885889 PMCID: PMC10598677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1205405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which circulating immune complexes can cause different types of glomerulonephritis, according to immune deposits and to the type of glomerular cell injury. Proliferative lesions represent the most severe form of lupus nephritis (LN) and often lead to kidney failure and death. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of innate-like T cells that recognize microbial-derived ligands from the riboflavin synthesis pathway. Although abundant in peripheral blood, MAIT cells are enriched in mucosal and inflamed tissues. While previous studies have reported concordant results concerning lower MAIT cell frequencies in the blood of SLE patients, no information is known about MAIT cell function and LN severity and outcome. Methods In the current study, we analyzed the baseline phenotype and function of peripheral blood MAIT cells by flow cytometry in 26 patients with LN and in a control group of 16 healthy individuals. Results We observe that MAIT cell frequencies are markedly reduced in blood of LN patients. MAIT cells from patients have an altered phenotype in terms of migration, proliferation and differentiation markers, notably in most severe forms of LN. Frequencies of PMA/ionomycin stimulated MAIT cells secreting effector molecules, such as proinflammatory IL-17 and cytotoxic protein granzyme B, are higher in LN patients. Patients undergoing a complete renal remission after immunosuppressive therapy had higher MAIT cell frequency, lower expression of proliferation marker Ki-67 and granzyme B (GzB) at inclusion. Remarkably, GzB production defines a predictive model for complete remission. Discussion We report here that blood MAIT cells display proinflammatory and cytotoxic function in severe lupus nephritis which may play a pathogenesis role, but without association with systemic lupus activity. Finally, low cytotoxic profile of MAIT cells may represent a promising prognostic factor of lupus nephritis remission one year after induction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Litvinova
- Service d’Immunologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Carine Bounaix
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Hanouna
- Service de Néphrologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Da Silva
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Laura Noailles
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Beaudoin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1016, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Michael Padden
- Service de Néphrologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Nessrine Bellamri
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Lehuen
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1016, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
- Service de Néphrologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Renato C. Monteiro
- Service d’Immunologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Flament
- Service d’Immunologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)1149 & Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) équipe mixte de recherche (EMR)8252, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
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Xiong H, Cui M, Kong N, Jing J, Xu Y, Liu X, Yang F, Xu Z, Yan Y, Zhao D, Zou Z, Xia M, Cen J, Tan G, Huai C, Fu Q, Guo Q, Chen K. Cytotoxic CD161 -CD8 + T EMRA cells contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104507. [PMID: 36893588 PMCID: PMC10011749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues with high cellular heterogeneity. CD8+ T cell activity is involved in the SLE pathogenesis. However, the cellular heterogeneity and the underlying mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in SLE remain to be identified. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of PBMCs from a SLE family pedigree (including 3 HCs and 2 SLE patients) was performed to identify the SLE-associated CD8+ T cell subsets. Flow cytometry analysis of a SLE cohort (including 23 HCs and 33 SLE patients), qPCR analysis of another SLE cohort (including 30 HCs and 25 SLE patients) and public scRNA-seq datasets of autoimmune diseases were employed to validate the finding. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of this SLE family pedigree was used to investigate the genetic basis in dysregulation of CD8+ T cell subsets identified in this study. Co-culture experiments were performed to analyze the activity of CD8+ T cells. FINDINGS We elucidated the cellular heterogeneity of SLE and identified a new highly cytotoxic CD8+ T cell subset, CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cell subpopulation, which was remarkably increased in SLE patients. Meanwhile, we discovered a close correlation between mutation of DTHD1 and the abnormal accumulation of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells in SLE. DTHD1 interacted with MYD88 to suppress its activity in T cells and DTHD1 mutation promoted MYD88-dependent pathway and subsequently increased the proliferation and cytotoxicity of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes in CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells displayed a strong out-of-sample prediction for case-control status of SLE. INTERPRETATION This study identified DTHD1-associated expansion of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cell subpopulation is critical for SLE. Our study highlights genetic association and cellular heterogeneity of SLE pathogenesis and provides a mechanistical insight into the diagnosis and treatment of SLE. FUNDINGS Stated in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Mintian Cui
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ni Kong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiongjie Jing
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xiuting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Ziqi Zou
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junjie Cen
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Guozhen Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Cong Huai
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Hirano A, Fujioka K, Kida T, Omura S, Sofue H, Sakashita A, Sagawa T, Isoda Y, Kasahara A, Sagawa R, Fujii W, Seno T, Wada M, Kohno M, Kawahito Y. Association between early immunophenotypic changes and therapeutic response of belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2023; 32:63-73. [PMID: 36317306 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221137249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Belimumab is a therapeutic medication that inhibits the B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) used for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, the response sometimes varies among individuals, even when patients are stratified based on general clinical characteristics. Therefore, we focused on immunological phenotypic changes with belimumab, investigated their association with subsequent clinical courses, and sought to identify relevant immunological indicators to stratify patients who would benefit from belimumab. We assessed changes in B and T cell phenotypes, as well as BAFF-related factors, such as levels of BAFF and a proliferation-inducing ligand, and expression of three BAFF receptors: BAFF receptor (BAFF-R), B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), transmembrane activator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), in 19 patients with SLE who were treated with belimumab before and 3 months after treatment. First, to visualize patterns in complex and diverse data, we summarized B cell changes such as subsets and BAFF receptor expressions into two axes, the first and second principal components (PC1 and PC2), and characterized broad phenotypic changes by cluster analysis. Next, we evaluated whether the B cell changes represented by PC1 and PC2 were associated with other concurrent phenotypic changes, baseline factors, and treatment response at 6 months. We found that lower PC2, indicating increased BAFF-R expression and decreased percentage of naïve B cells, was associated with a subsequent therapeutic response at 6 months (odds ratio 5.3, 95% confidence interval 1.2-24, p = .031). Furthermore, higher percentages of effector memory CD3+CD4+ T cells at baseline were associated with lower PC2 and therapeutic response. Further analysis revealed that increased PC1, as reflected by increased BCMA and TACI expression and an increase in the percentage of class-switched memory B cells, was associated with both T and B cell activation. Although belimumab is a B-cell targeted therapy, it can also influence T-cell phenotypes. Thus, early B cell changes could be used to predict treatment response, and their changes could be predicted from baseline T cell phenotypes, indicating the importance of B and T cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Hirano
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujioka
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Kida
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Omura
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sofue
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aki Sakashita
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sagawa
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yu Isoda
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Kasahara
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Risa Sagawa
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seno
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Wada
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Kohno
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawahito
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 12898Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Increased Expression of CD95 in CD4 + Effector Memory T Cells Promotes Th17 Response in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2022; 17:437-452. [PMID: 34716498 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-021-10030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging data have revealed that CD95 can evoke non-apoptotic signals, thereby promoting pro-inflammatory functions that link to the severity of autoimmune disorders. Here, we reported that the expression of CD95 in CD4+ effector memory T (CD4+ TEM) cells was increased in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. We also found increased expression of CD95 in CD4+ TEM cells from MG patients correlated positively with clinical severity scores (QMGs), serum IL-17 levels and plasma cells (PCs) frequencies. Conventional treatment, such as glucocorticoid, could down-regulate the expression of CD95 in CD4+ TEM cells, QMGs, serum IL-17 levels and PCs frequencies from MG patients. In vitro, low-dose of agonistic anti-CD95 mAb could promote Th17 cell development. This effect was reversed by CD95 siRNA. Moverover, CD95 stimulation induced the phosphorylation of p38 and Erk1/2 and Th17 cell differentiation, and p38 specific inhibitor SB203580 or Erk1/2 specific inhibitor PD98059 could induce opposite changes. However, SB203580 or PD98059 do not abrogate the increase of CCR6+IL-17A+ cells, ROR-γt and IL-17 expression induced by CD95 triggering relatively to each corresponding control. This suggests that p38 and Erk1/2 MAPK pathway plays a role in expression of CCR6+IL-17A+ cells, ROR-γt and IL-17, but not in their increase induced by CD95 triggering. Taken together, this study revealed that increased expression of CD95 in CD4+ TEM cells promotes Th17 response under the microenvironment of MG.
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Different Types of Chronic Inflammation Engender Distinctive Immunosenescent Profiles in Affected Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314688. [PMID: 36499016 PMCID: PMC9735546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence encompasses a spectrum of lymphocyte phenotypic alterations. The aim of the study was to evaluate immunosenescent effect of two different forms of chronic inflammation, Systemic Lupus Erythematosous (SLE), a systemic autoimmune disease, and End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), a chronic inflammatory disorder. Certain lymphocyte surface molecules, including CD31, CD45RA, CCR7, CD28, CD57, for T, and IgD, CD27 for B lymphocytes, were analyzed by flow cytometry in 30 SLE and 53 ESKD patients on hemodialysis (HD), and results were compared to 31 healthy controls (HC) of similar age, gender, and nationality. Significant Lymphopenia was evident in both SLE and ESKD-HD patients, compared to HC, affecting B cells 75.4 (14.4−520.8), 97 (32−341), and 214 (84−576) cells/μL, respectively, p < 0.0001, and CD4 cells 651.2 (71.1−1478.2), 713 (234−1509), and 986 (344−1591) cells/μL, respectively, p < 0.0001. The allocation of B cell subpopulations was remarkably different between SLE and ESKD-HD patients. SLE showed a clear shift to senescence (CD19IgD-CD27−) cells, compared to ESKD-HD and HC, 11.75 (10)% vs. 8 (6) vs. 8.1 (10), respectively. Regarding T lymphocytes, Central Memory CD8 cells predominated in both SLE and ESKD-HD patients compared to HC, 53 (50)%, 52 (63), and 24 (64)%, respectively, while ESKD-HD but not SLE patients also had increased expression of CD4CD28− and CD8CD28− cells. In conclusion, both diseases are followed by significant lymphopenia; however, the senescent phenomenon affects the B lymphocyte compartment in SLE patients and T lymphocytes in ESKD-HD patients.
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Lioulios G, Mitsoglou Z, Fylaktou A, Xochelli A, Christodoulou M, Stai S, Moysidou E, Konstantouli A, Nikolaidou V, Papagianni A, Stangou M. Exhausted but Not Senescent T Lymphocytes Predominate in Lupus Nephritis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213928. [PMID: 36430418 PMCID: PMC9694088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN), a chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by the substantial disruption of immune homeostasis. This study examines its effects on the T lymphocyte phenotype and, particularly, its senescence- and exhaustion-related immune alterations. T cell subpopulations were determined with flow cytometry in 30 LN patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs), according to the expression of senescence- (CD45RA, CCR7, CD31, CD28, CD57), and exhaustion- (PD1) related markers. The immune phenotype was associated with disease activity and renal histology. LN patients were characterized by pronounced lymphopenia, mainly affecting the CD4 compartment, with a concurrent reduction in the naïve, central and effector memory subsets compared to the HCs. In the CD8 compartment, the naïve subsets were significantly lower than that of the HCs, but a shift in the T cells occurred towards the central memory population. CD4+PD1+ and CD8+PD1+ cells were increased in the LN patients compared to the HCs. However, in CD4 T cells, the increase was limited to CD45RA+, whereas in CD8 T cells, both CD45RA+ and CD45RA- subsets were affected. Disease activity was correlated with CD4+PD1+ and highly differentiated CD4+CD28-CD57+ cells. Histology was only associated with CD4 T cell disturbances, with stage IV presenting reduced naïve and increased senescent subsets. Exhausted T lymphocyte subpopulations predominate within LN patients, while the T cell phenotype varies depending on disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Lioulios
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Zoi Mitsoglou
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Asimina Fylaktou
- Department of Immunology, National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aliki Xochelli
- Department of Immunology, National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michalis Christodoulou
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatia Stai
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Moysidou
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afroditi Konstantouli
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Nikolaidou
- Department of Immunology, National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papagianni
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Stangou
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokratio”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Wang H, Lan L, Chen J, Xiao L, Han F. Peripheral blood T-cell subset and its clinical significance in lupus nephritis patients. Lupus Sci Med 2022; 9:9/1/e000717. [PMID: 35973743 PMCID: PMC9386235 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2022-000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe manifestation of SLE. Memory T (TM) cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of T-cell subsets in a cohort of patients with LN. Method The peripheral blood T cells of 24 patients with LN and 13 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) were analysed by flow cytometry. SLE disease activity was evaluated by SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Patients with LN were followed up for >6 months. Results Patients with LN presented lower frequency of CD4+ cells and higher percentage of CD8+ cells than patients with iMN, which was primarily due to lower CD4+ cell count. Interestingly, patients with LN under immunosuppressants had lower CD8+CD45RO+ TM frequency (p=0.007), fewer regulatory CD4+ T cells (p=0.04) than those without immunosuppressants. Most CD4+ and CD8+ TM cells in patients with LN showed an effector memory (CD45RO+CCR7+) phenotype. The frequency of CD8+CD45RO+ TM cells among the CD8+ T cells was negatively correlated with white blood cell count, haemoglobin, platelet and serum levels of complements C3 and C4, but was positively correlated with serum IgG, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and SLEDAI score (p<0.05 each). Consistently, the frequency of CD8+CD45RO+ TM cells was higher in patients with LN with positive antidouble-stranded DNA antibody, active renal disease, extrarenal manifestations and with sclerotic glomeruli or moderate-to-severe mesangial hypercellularity in renal pathology (p<0.05). Additionally, CD8+CD45RO+ TM cell frequency was significantly lower in patients with LN with renal complete remission than that in non-remission LN (18.7% vs 31.2%, p<0.05). None of these significant correlations was observed in CD4+ TM cells. Conclusion The frequency of CD8+ TM cells correlates with disease activity and treatment response to immunosuppressant in patients with LN. CD8+ TM monitoring in patients with LN could provide more helpful indices for the monitoring and management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China .,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Han
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China .,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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9
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Orvain C, Cauvet A, Prudent A, Guignabert C, Thuillet R, Ottaviani M, Tu L, Duhalde F, Nicco C, Batteux F, Avouac J, Wang N, Seaberg MA, Dillon SR, Allanore Y. Acazicolcept (ALPN-101), a dual ICOS/CD28 antagonist, demonstrates efficacy in systemic sclerosis preclinical mouse models. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:13. [PMID: 34986869 PMCID: PMC8728910 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uncontrolled immune response with T cell activation has a key role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), a disorder that is characterized by generalized fibrosis affecting particularly the lungs and skin. Costimulatory molecules are key players during immune activation, and recent evidence supports a role of CD28 and ICOS in the development of fibrosis. We herein investigated the efficacy of acazicolcept (ALPN-101), a dual ICOS/CD28 antagonist, in two complementary SSc-related mouse models recapitulating skin fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension. Methods Expression of circulating soluble ICOS and skin-expressed ICOS was investigated in SSc patients. Thereafter, acazicolcept was evaluated in the hypochlorous acid (HOCL)-induced dermal fibrosis mouse model and in the Fra-2 transgenic (Tg) mouse model. In each model, mice received 400 μg of acazicolcept or a molar-matched dose of an Fc control protein twice a week for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, skin and lung were evaluated. Results ICOS was significantly increased in the sera from SSc patients and in SSc skin biopsies as compared to samples from healthy controls. Similar body weight changes were observed between Fc control and acazicolcept groups in both HOCL and Fra-2 Tg mice suggesting a good tolerance of acazicolcept treatment. In mice challenged with HOCL, acazicolcept induced a significant decrease in dermal thickness, collagen content, myofibroblast number, and inflammatory infiltrates characterized by B cells, T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. In the Fra-2 Tg mouse model, acazicolcept treatment reduced lung collagen content, fibrillar collagen, histological fibrosis score, and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP). A reduction in frequency of CD4+ and T effector memory cells and an increase in the percentage of CD4+ T naïve cells in spleen and lung of acazicolcept-treated Fra-2 Tg mice was observed as compared to Fc control-treated Fra-2 Tg mice. Moreover, acazicolcept reduced CD69 and PD-1 expression on CD4+ T cells from the spleen and the lung. Target engagement by acazicolcept was demonstrated by blockade of CD28 and ICOS detection by flow cytometry in treated mice. Conclusions Our results confirm the importance of costimulatory molecules in inflammatory-driven fibrosis. Our data highlight a key role of ICOS and CD28 in SSc. Using complementary models, we demonstrated that dual ICOS/CD28 blockade by acazicolcept decreased dermal and pulmonary fibrosis and alleviated pulmonary hypertension. These results pave the way for subsequent research on ICOS/CD28-targeted therapies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02709-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Orvain
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Prudent
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mina Ottaviani
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Fanny Duhalde
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Carole Nicco
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Service d'immunologie biologique (Professeur Batteux), Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Cochin, 75014, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Yannick Allanore
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Cochin, 75014, Paris, France.
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10
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Impaired Differentiation of Highly Proliferative ICOS +-Tregs Is Involved in the Transition from Low to High Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179501. [PMID: 34502409 PMCID: PMC8430608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulations in the differentiation of CD4+-regulatory-T-cells (Tregs) and CD4+-responder-T-cells (Tresps) are involved in the development of active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Three differentiation pathways of highly proliferative inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+- and less proliferative ICOS--CD45RA+CD31+-recent-thymic-emigrant (RTE)-Tregs/Tresps via CD45RA-CD31+-memory-Tregs/Tresps (CD31+-memory-Tregs/Tresps), their direct proliferation via CD45RA+CD31--mature naïve (MN)-Tregs/Tresps, and the production and differentiation of resting MN-Tregs/Tresp into CD45RA-CD31--memory-Tregs/Tresps (CD31--memory-Tregs/Tresps) were examined in 115 healthy controls, 96 SLE remission patients, and 20 active disease patients using six color flow cytometric analysis. In healthy controls an appropriate sequence of these pathways ensured regular age-dependent differentiation. In SLE patients, an age-independently exaggerated differentiation was observed for all Treg/Tresp subsets, where the increased conversion of resting MN-Tregs/Tresps particularly guaranteed the significantly increased ratios of ICOS+-Tregs/ICOS+-Tresps and ICOS--Tregs/ICOS--Tresps during remission. Changes in the differentiation of resting ICOS+-MN-Tresps and ICOS--MN-Tregs from conversion to proliferation caused a significant shift in the ratio of ICOS+-Tregs/ICOS+-Tresps in favor of ICOS+-Tresps and a further increase in the ratio of ICOS--Tregs/ICOS--Tresps with active disease. The differentiation of ICOS+-RTE-Tregs/Tresps seems to be crucial for keeping patients in remission, where their limited production of proliferating resting MN-Tregs may be responsible for the occurrence of active disease flares.
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11
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Yang J, Lickliter JD, Hillson JL, Means GD, Sanderson RJ, Carley K, Tercero A, Manjarrez KL, Wiley JR, Peng SL. First-in-human study of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ALPN-101, a dual CD28/ICOS antagonist, in healthy adult subjects. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:1314-1326. [PMID: 33503289 PMCID: PMC8301585 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ALPN-101 (ICOSL vIgD-Fc) is an Fc fusion protein of a human inducible T cell costimulatory ligand (ICOSL) variant immunoglobulin domain (vIgD) designed to inhibit the cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28) and inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS) pathways simultaneously. A first-in-human study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of ALPN-101 in healthy adult subjects. ALPN-101 was generally well-tolerated with no evidence of cytokine release, clinically significant immunogenicity, or severe adverse events following single subcutaneous (SC) doses up to 3 mg/kg or single intravenous (IV) doses up to 10 mg/kg or up to 4 weekly IV doses of up to 1 mg/kg. ALPN-101 exhibited a dose-dependent increase in exposure with an estimated terminal half-life of 4.3-8.6 days and SC bioavailability of 60.6% at 3 mg/kg. Minimal to modest accumulation in exposure was observed with repeated IV dosing. ALPN-101 resulted in a dose-dependent increase in maximum target saturation and duration of high-level target saturation. Consistent with its mechanism of action, ALPN-101 inhibited cytokine production in whole blood stimulated by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B ex vivo, as well as antibody responses to keyhole limpet hemocyanin immunization, reflecting immunomodulatory effects upon T cell and T-dependent B cell responses, respectively. In conclusion, ALPN-101 was well-tolerated in healthy subjects with dose-dependent PK and PD consistent with the known biology of the CD28 and ICOS costimulatory pathways. Further clinical development of ALPN-101 in inflammatory and/or autoimmune diseases is therefore warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Alpine Immune Sciences, Inc.SeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kay Carley
- Alpine Immune Sciences, Inc.SeattleWashingtonUSA
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12
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Piantoni S, Regola F, Masneri S, Merletti M, Lowin T, Airò P, Tincani A, Franceschini F, Andreoli L, Pongratz G. Characterization of B- and T-Cell Compartment and B-Cell Related Factors Belonging to the TNF/TNFR Superfamily in Patients With Clinically Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Baseline BAFF Serum Levels Are the Strongest Predictor of Response to Belimumab after Twelve Months of Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:666971. [PMID: 34093196 PMCID: PMC8176088 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.666971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) show increased serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/TNF receptor (R) superfamily member, e.g. BAFF (B lymphocyte stimulator). Belimumab, a monoclonal antibody against soluble BAFF, is used for treatment of SLE. Although B cells are the main target, a BAFF-dependent T-cell activation pathway also plays a role. High levels of anti-DNA antibodies and low complement at baseline are known predictors of response to Belimumab. Objectives: To explore the association of circulating lymphocytes and serum levels of B- cell related TNF/TNFR superfamily members with response to Belimumab in SLE patients. Methods: Twenty-one SLE patients received Belimumab. Clinical evaluation and laboratory tests were performed at baseline, at 6 and 12 months. TNF super-family members (BAFF, APRIL, sBCMA, sCD40L, sTACI, TWEAK) were tested by high-sensitivity ELISA in all patients, and lymphocyte immunophenotyping was performed by flow cytometry in ten subjects. SLE-disease activity was assessed by SLEDAI-2K score. Linear regression modeling was used to investigate parameters influencing SLEDAI-2K and anti-dsDNA antibody titers over time and for predictive models. Results: Clinical improvement was observed in all patients. A global reduction of circulating B cells, especially naïve, was detected, without variation in the T-cell compartment. All TNF family members decreased, whereas APRIL remained constant. The increase in serum levels of C3 (p = 0.0004) and sTACI (p = 0.0285) was associated with a decrease of SLEDAI-2K. The increase of C4 (p = 0.027) and sBCMA (p = 0.0015) and the increase of CD8+ T cells (p = 0.0160) were associated with a decrease, whereas an increase of sCD40L in serum (p = 0.0018) and increased number of CD4+ T cells (p = 0.0029) were associated with an increase, in anti-dsDNA antibody titers, respectively. Using stepwise forward inclusion, the minimal model to predict SLEDAI-2K response at 12 months included BAFF (p = 3.0e − 07) and SLEDAI-2K (p = 7.0e − 04) at baseline. Baseline APRIL levels also showed an association, although the overall model fit was weaker. Conclusion: In our real-life cohort, baseline serum levels of BAFF were the best predictor of response to Belimumab, confirming post-hoc results of the BLISS study and suggesting the utility of this particular biomarker for the identification of patients who are more likely to respond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Piantoni
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Regola
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Masneri
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michele Merletti
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Torsten Lowin
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Center for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paolo Airò
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Georg Pongratz
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Center for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Bortoluzzi A, Chighizola CB, Fredi M, Raschi E, Bodio C, Privitera D, Gonelli A, Silvagni E, Govoni M, Cavazzana I, Airò P, Meroni PL, Tincani A, Franceschini F, Piantoni S, Casciano F. The IMMENSE Study: The Interplay Between iMMune and ENdothelial Cells in Mediating Cardiovascular Risk in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572876. [PMID: 33193356 PMCID: PMC7658008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a significant increase in cardiovascular (CV) risk although they display a preserved number of circulating angiogenic CD3+CD31+CXCR4+ T cells (Tang), a subpopulation of T cells which promotes repair of damaged endothelium. This happens due to the concomitant expansion of a Tang subset with immunosenescent features, such as the loss of CD28. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the interplay between Tang subpopulations and endothelial cells in a group of young SLE patients without previous cardiovascular events. Twenty SLE female patients and 10 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Flow cytometric analysis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and Tang subsets were performed and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, -8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and interferon (IFN)-γ were measured. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation and pro-inflammatory phenotype in response to subjects' serum stimulation were also evaluated. Results showed that the percentage of Tang and EPC subsets was reduced in SLE patients compared with HCs, with a marked increase of senescent CD28null cells among Tang subset. SLE disease activity index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) was inversed related to Tang cells percentage. Furthermore, IL-8 serum levels were directly correlated with the percentage of Tang and inversely related to the CD28null Tang subsets. We indirectly evaluated the role of the Tang subset on the endothelium upon stimulation with serum from subjects with a low percentage of Tang CD3+ cells in HUVECs. HUVECs displayed pro-inflammatory phenotype with up-regulation of mRNA for IL-6, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM)-1. Cell proliferation rate was directly related to IL-8 serum levels and EPC percentage. In highly selected young SLE patients without previous CV events, we found that the deterioration of Tang compartment is an early event in disease course, preceding the development of an overt cardiovascular disease and potentially mediated by SLE-specific mechanisms. The overcome of the CD28null subset exerts detrimental role over the Tang phenotype, where Tang could exert an anti-inflammatory effect on endothelial cells and might orchestrate via IL-8 the function of EPCs, ultimately modulating endothelial proliferation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bortoluzzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant’Anna, Cona, Italy
| | - Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Fredi
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Raschi
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Bodio
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Privitera
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ettore Silvagni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant’Anna, Cona, Italy
| | - Marcello Govoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant’Anna, Cona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavazzana
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Airò
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Meroni
- Experimental Laboratory of Immunological and Rheumatologic Researches, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Piantoni
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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14
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Kosmaczewska A, Ciszak L, Stosio M, Szteblich A, Madej M, Frydecka I, Wiland P, Szmyrka M. CD4 +CD28 null T cells are expanded in moderately active systemic lupus erythematosus and secrete pro-inflammatory interferon gamma, depending on the Disease Activity Index. Lupus 2020; 29:705-714. [PMID: 32279585 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320917749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic CD4+CD28null cells are characterized by inflammatory cytokine synthesis and tropism to the inflamed tissues. Recent studies showed the involvement of CD28null T cells in a severe clinical outcome of lupus. However, their role in moderately active disease is still unresolved. METHODS We examined the levels of circulating CD4+CD28null cells and CD8+CD28null suppressor T cells. We also compared the CD4+CD28null and CD4+CD28+ T-cell functional properties, including the expression of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and Ki67 among systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20). All the patients were under immunosuppressive treatment and exhibited moderate SLE activity (median SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) = 6). RESULTS In patients, we found elevated CD4+CD28null and unchanged levels of suppressor CD8+CD28null T cells. There was no difference between patients and controls in IFN-γ and Ki67-expressing CD4+, CD4+CD28+, and CD4+CD28null T cells, except for higher IFN-γ levels in CD4+CD28+ T cells in SLE. In each studied group, we observed a higher preponderance of IFN-γ- and Ki67-expressing cells among CD4+CD28null T cells and lower levels of IFN-γ in CD4+CD28null T cells compared to the CD28+ subset. Similarly, Ki67 intensity was decreased in healthy CD4+CD28null cells, whereas in patients, comparably high expression was observed in both subsets. IFN-γ intensity in CD4+CD28null T cells correlated with SLEDAI. CONCLUSION SLE with a moderately active clinical course is characterized by peripheral blood expansion of CD4+CD28null T cells and a normal abundance of suppressor CD8+CD28null T cells. The demonstration that these pathogenic CD4+ T cells, despite the lack of CD28, maintain the ability to produce pro-inflammatory IFN-γ positively correlated with disease activity as well as relatively high proliferative capacity may suggest their potentially predictive role in SLE flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kosmaczewska
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Ciszak
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Stosio
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szteblich
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Madej
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Irena Frydecka
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Wiland
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szmyrka
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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15
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Szabó E, Hornung Á, Monostori É, Bocskai M, Czibula Á, Kovács L. Altered Cell Surface N-Glycosylation of Resting and Activated T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184455. [PMID: 31509989 PMCID: PMC6770513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered cell surface glycosylation in congenital and acquired diseases has been shown to affect cell differentiation and cellular responses to external signals. Hence, it may have an important role in immune regulation; however, T cell surface glycosylation has not been studied in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototype of autoimmune diseases. Analysis of the glycosylation of T cells from patients suffering from SLE was performed by lectin-binding assay, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that resting SLE T cells presented an activated-like phenotype in terms of their glycosylation pattern. Additionally, activated SLE T cells bound significantly less galectin-1 (Gal-1), an important immunoregulatory lectin, while other lectins bound similarly to the controls. Differential lectin binding, specifically Gal-1, to SLE T cells was explained by the increased gene expression ratio of sialyltransferases and neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), particularly by elevated ST6 beta-galactosamide alpha-2,6-sialyltranferase 1 (ST6GAL1)/NEU1 and ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 6 (ST3GAL6)/NEU1 ratios. These findings indicated an increased terminal sialylation. Indeed, neuraminidase treatment of cells resulted in the increase of Gal-1 binding. Altered T cell surface glycosylation may predispose the cells to resistance to the immunoregulatory effects of Gal-1, and may thus contribute to the pathomechanism of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Szabó
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Hornung
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Monostori
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Márta Bocskai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ágnes Czibula
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László Kovács
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
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Minning S, Xiaofan Y, Anqi X, Bingjie G, Dinglei S, Mingshun Z, Juan X, Xiaohui J, Huijuan W. Imbalance between CD8 +CD28 + and CD8 +CD28 - T-cell subsets and its clinical significance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2019; 28:1214-1223. [PMID: 31399013 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319867130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset balance and in the CD8+CD28- Treg cell number and function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Cell isolation and flow cytometry analysis were employed to investigate the T-cell subsets. RESULTS It was found that in high-activity SLE patients, the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset was reduced, which was inversely correlated with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and that the CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ ratio was elevated, which was positively correlated with SLEDAI and with renal damage and inversely correlated with serum complement level, whereas the CD8+CD28- T-cell subset was increased only in inactive patients. It was also found that apoptosis of CD8+ T cells increased, and Fas, Fas ligand (FasL) and interleukin (IL)-6 expression were high, whereas cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expression was low by the CD8+CD28+ T cell subset in active SLE patients; apoptosis was positively correlated with SLEDAI and with the expression of Fas and FasL by the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset in active SLE patients. IL-6 and CTLA-4 expression were found to be low by the CD8+CD28- T cell subset in active SLE patients. CONCLUSION These data suggest that high expression of Fas, FasL and IL-6 and low expression of CTLA-4 by the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset promotes the activation-induced cell death of the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset, resulting in an imbalance of CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ T cells in active SLE patients, which represents an important feature in the immunological pathogenesis of SLE. The CD8+CD28- T-cell subset may play some role in inactive SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Minning
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xiaofan
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Anqi
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Bingjie
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Dinglei
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Mingshun
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Juan
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Xiaohui
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Huijuan
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Regola F, Piantoni S, Lowin T, Archetti S, Reggia R, Kumar R, Franceschini F, Airò P, Tincani A, Andreoli L, Pongratz G. Association Between Changes in BLyS Levels and the Composition of B and T Cell Compartments in Patients With Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treated With Belimumab. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:433. [PMID: 31105569 PMCID: PMC6494924 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Belimumab is a monoclonal antibody against soluble BLyS used for treatment of refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Although B cells are the main target of this therapy, a BLyS-dependent T cell activation pathway has also been demonstrated. The aim of the study is to analyze B and T cells phenotype modifications in a cohort of SLE patients treated with belimumab in correlation with serum BLyS levels. Materials and Methods: Fourteen SLE patients were enrolled in the study. Lymphocyte immunophenotyping by flow cytometry and determination of serum BLyS levels by high sensitivity ELISA were performed before the first infusion of belimumab, after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Sex and age-matched healthy controls were enrolled for the comparisons. Results: Baseline number of total B cells, especially switched memory B cells, were lower in SLE patients compared to control subjects. After 6 months of treatment, the total number of B cells, particularly, naive and transitional B cells, was significantly reduced in correlation with the reduction of BLyS levels. No significant association was found between baseline counts of B cells and reduction of SLEDAI-2K over time. In terms of response prediction, a significant association between SLEDAI-2K improvement at 12 months and the decrease of total number of B cells within the first 6 months of therapy was observed. Concerning the T cell compartment, the baseline percentage number of CD8+ effector memory was associated with SLEDAI-2K at baseline and with its improvement after 12 months of therapy. Furthermore, T cell lymphopenia and low number of circulating recent thymic emigrants were also observed compared to control subjects measured at baseline. Discussion: The effects of belimumab on B cell subpopulations could be explained by the direct blockage of soluble BLyS, while the mild effects on T cells might be explained indirectly by the reduction of disease activity by means of therapy. B cell immunophenotyping during belimumab might be useful for monitoring the response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Regola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Piantoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Torsten Lowin
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Centre for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silvia Archetti
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rossella Reggia
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Airò
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Tincani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Georg Pongratz
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Centre for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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18
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Budzinski L, Schulz AR, Baumgart S, Burns T, Rose T, Hirseland H, Mei HE. Osmium-Labeled Microspheres for Bead-Based Assays in Mass Cytometry. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:3103-3112. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Bano A, Pera A, Almoukayed A, Clarke THS, Kirmani S, Davies KA, Kern F. CD28 null CD4 T-cell expansions in autoimmune disease suggest a link with cytomegalovirus infection. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 30984377 PMCID: PMC6436193 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.17119.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is thought to contribute to the increase of autoimmune diseases in older people. Immunosenescence is often associated with the presence of an expanded population of CD4 T cells lacking expression of CD28 (CD28
null). These highly cytotoxic CD4 T cells were isolated from disease-affected tissues in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, or other chronic inflammatory diseases and their numbers appeared to be linked to disease severity. However, we recently demonstrated that the common herpes virus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), not ageing, is the major driver of this subset of cytotoxic T cells. In this review, we discuss how CMV might potentiate and exacerbate autoimmune disease through the expansion of CD28
null CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalia Bano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Alejandra Pera
- Department of Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia Hospital, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ahmad Almoukayed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Thomas H S Clarke
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Sukaina Kirmani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Kevin A Davies
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Florian Kern
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
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20
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Association of Platelet Binding to Lymphocytes with B Cell Abnormalities and Clinical Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2473164. [PMID: 30944545 PMCID: PMC6421767 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2473164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with the polyclonal activation of B lymphocytes and the production of autoantibodies that cause immune complex-related inflammation. Immunological factors derived from platelets modulate B cell function in SLE disease. However, platelets do not only modify the immune system by soluble factors. The binding of platelets to lymphocytes can modulate immune response. Thus, we speculate that the binding of platelets to lymphocytes in SLE patients may play a role in abnormal B lymphocyte response and the pathogenesis of SLE. We observed that levels of lymphocytes with bound platelets were higher in SLE patients than in healthy donors (HD). In SLE patients, the percentage of B lymphocytes with bound platelets positively correlated with plasmatic levels of IgG, IgA, IL-10, and soluble CD40L and negatively correlated with IgM levels, though not in HD. Preswitched memory B lymphocytes were the subpopulation with more bound platelets. Lymphocytes with bound platelets from both HD and SLE patients had major levels of CD86 and BAFFR and a greater production of IL-10 than lymphocytes without bound platelets. However, only B lymphocytes with bound platelets from SLE patients had increased levels of IgG and IgA on their surface. SLE patients with a suggestive renal manifestation had the highest levels of B and T lymphocytes with bound platelets. These results suggest that the binding of platelets to lymphocytes plays a role in SLE disease and that controlling this binding may be a promising therapeutic approach.
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21
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Schaier M, Gottschalk C, Uhlmann L, Speer C, Kälble F, Eckstein V, Müller-Tidow C, Meuer S, Mahnke K, Lorenz HM, Zeier M, Steinborn A. Immunosuppressive therapy influences the accelerated age-dependent T-helper cell differentiation in systemic lupus erythematosus remission patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:278. [PMID: 30563559 PMCID: PMC6299578 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD4+ T cells are of great importance in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as an imbalance between CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4+ responder T cells (Tresps) causes flares of active disease in SLE patients. In this study, we aimed to find the role of aberrant Treg/Tresp cell differentiation for maintaining Treg/Tresp cell balance and Treg functionality. Methods To determine differences in the differentiation of Tregs/Tresps we calculated the percentages of CD45RA+CD31+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) Tregs/Tresps and CD45RA+CD31− mature naive (MN) Tregs/Tresps, as well as CD45RA−CD31+ and CD45RA−CD31− memory Tregs/Tresps (CD31+ and CD31− memory Tregs/Tresps) within the total Treg/Tresp pool of 78 SLE remission patients compared with 94 healthy controls of different ages. The proliferation capacity of each Treg/Tresp subset was determined by staining the cells with anti-Ki67 monoclonal antibodies. Differences in the autologous or allogeneic Treg function between SLE remission patients and healthy controls were determined using suppression assays. Results With age, we found an increased differentiation of RTE Tregs via CD31+ memory Tregs and of RTE Tresps via MN Tresps into CD31− memory Tregs/Tresp in healthy volunteers. This opposite differentiation of RTE Tregs and Tresps was associated with an age-dependent increase in the suppressive activity of both naive and memory Tregs. SLE patients showed similar age-dependent Treg cell differentiation. However, in these patients RTE Tresps differentiated increasingly via CD31+ memory Tresps, whereby CD31− memory Tresps arose that were much more difficult to inhibit for Tregs than those that emerged through differentiation via MN Tresps. Consequently, the increase in the suppressive activity of Tregs with age could not be maintained in SLE patients. Testing the Tregs of healthy volunteers and SLE patients with autologous and nonautologous Tresps revealed that the significantly decreased Treg function in SLE patients was not exclusively attributed to an age-dependent diminished sensitivity of the Tresps for Treg suppression. The immunosuppressive therapy reduced the accelerated age-dependent Tresp cell proliferation to normal levels, but simultaneously inhibited Treg cell proliferation below normal levels. Conclusions Our data reveal that the currently used immunosuppressive therapy has a favorable effect on the differentiation and proliferation of Tresps but has a rather unfavorable effect on the proliferation of Tregs. Newer substances with more specific effects on the immune system would be desirable. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1778-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schaier
- Department of Medicine I (Nephrology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudius Gottschalk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Heidelberg, Research Cooperation Unit Gynaecology/Nephrology, INF 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Uhlmann
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudius Speer
- Department of Medicine I (Nephrology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Kälble
- Department of Medicine I (Nephrology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Eckstein
- Department of Medicine V (Haematology, Rheumatology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine V (Haematology, Rheumatology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Meuer
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanns-Martin Lorenz
- Department of Medicine V (Haematology, Rheumatology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Medicine I (Nephrology), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Steinborn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Heidelberg, Research Cooperation Unit Gynaecology/Nephrology, INF 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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22
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Lozada-Navarro AC, Castillo-Martínez D, Moreno-Ramírez M, Acosta-Peña G, Páez A, Massó F, Márquez-Velasco R, Amezcua-Guerra LM. An imbalance in the T-helper phenotypes displayed by senescent CD4 +CD28 null T cells is associated with erosive arthritis (rhupus syndrome) in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2018; 27:2155-2160. [PMID: 30111238 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318793715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the proportion of Th1, Th2 and Th17 phenotypes in senescent CD4+CD28null cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its association with the pattern of joint involvement. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in SLE patients with erosive arthritis (rhupus) or nondeforming, nonerosive arthritis. Total CD4+CD28null cells as well as the proportion of these cells expressing T-bet, GATA3 or RORγt were analyzed by color-flow cytometry. Serum osteopontin levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Eighteen SLE patients (nine with rhupus and nine with nonerosive arthritis) were studied. The percentage of CD4+CD28null/CD4+ cells (17.7%, 10.3-25.0% versus 9.4%, 8.1-22.4%; P = 0.386) as well as the osteopontin levels (5800, 5,134-5995 pg/ml versus 5578, 5171-5717 pg/ml; P > 0.05) were similar in both groups. A higher percentage of CD4+CD28nullT-bet+ cells (42.8%, 33.5-53.4% versus 30.0%, 23.3-34.2%) but a lower percentage of CD4+CD28nullGATA3+ cells (3.1%, 1.7-5.6% versus 6.2%, 2.6-18.4%) was observed in patients with rhupus than in their counterparts ( P = 0.016). The frequency of CD4+CD28nullRORγt+ cells was similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS In patients with rhupus, senescent CD4+CD28null cells are preferentially polarized to a Th1 phenotype, whereas this is partial towards Th2 in lupus patients with a nonerosive arthritis pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Lozada-Navarro
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - D Castillo-Martínez
- 2 Outpatient Dermatology Clinic, Hospital General de Zona 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Moreno-Ramírez
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Acosta-Peña
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Páez
- 3 Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F Massó
- 3 Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Márquez-Velasco
- 4 Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - L M Amezcua-Guerra
- 3 Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.,4 Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.,5 Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
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