Naming is framing: The framing effect of technology name on public attitude toward automated vehicles

Ironies of artificial intelligence

Bainbridge's Ironies of Automation was a prescient description of automation related challenges for human performance that have characterised much of the 40 years since its publication. Today a new wave of automation based on artificial intelligence (AI) is being introduced across a wide variety of domains and applications. Not only are Bainbridge's original warnings still pertinent for AI, but AI's very nature and focus on cognitive tasks has introduced many new challenges for people who interact with it. Five ironies of AI are presented including difficulties with understanding AI and forming adaptations, opaqueness in AI limitations and biases that can drive human decision biases, and difficulties in understanding the AI reliability, despite the fact that AI remains insufficiently intelligent for many of its intended applications. Future directions are provided to create more human-centered AI applications that can address these challenges.

Does an Information System Security Notice Format Influence Users’ Compliance Willingness from the Perspective of the Framing Effect?

Information security issues have triggered both academic and practical circles to think about operation management and the sustainable development of information systems. Based on the theory of framing effect, this study constructs a theoretical model of the presentation framework of security notice information on users’ compliance willingness and empirically tests the proposed research hypotheses using a combination of behavioral experiments and questionnaires to analyze the mechanism of the information presentation framework on compliance willingness. The results show that (1) the information presentation framework has a significant effect on users’ decision to comply, but it varies according to specific frameworks. While the attribute and risk frameworks have a significant effect on users’ decision to comply, the goal framework does not have a significant effect on users’ decision to comply. (2) The security notice situation moderates the relationship between the security notice information presentation frame and users’ compliance willingness, but this varies according to the specific situation of the specific framework. The security notice situation moderates the relationship between the attribute framework, the risk framework, and users’ compliance willingness but not the relationship between the goal framework and users’ compliance willingness. (3) Information security cognition has a moderating effect on the relationship between the security notice presentation framework and users’ compliance willingness, but it varies by the specific frameworks. Information security cognition moderates the relationship between attribute frames, risk frames, and users’ compliance willingness but not the relationship between goal frames and users’ compliance willingness.