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Lei Z, Ritzel RM, Li Y, Li H, Faden AI, Wu J. Old age alters inflammation and autophagy signaling in the brain, leading to exacerbated neurological outcomes after spinal cord injury in male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:439-451. [PMID: 38925420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Older patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have different features with regard to neurological characteristics after injury. Recent large-scale longitudinal population-based studies showed that individuals with SCI are at a higher risk of developing dementia than non-SCI patients, indicating that SCI is a potential risk factor for dementia. Aging is known to potentiate inflammation and neurodegeneration at the injured site leading to impaired recovery from SCI. However, no research has been aimed at studying the mechanisms of SCI-mediated cognitive impairment in the elderly. The present study examined neurobehavioral and molecular changes in the brain and the underlying mechanisms associated with brain dysfunction in aged C57BL/6 male mice using a contusion SCI model. At 2 months post-injury, aged mice displayed worse performance in locomotor, cognitive and depressive-like behavioral tests compared to young adult animals. Histopathology in injured spinal cord tissue was exacerbated in aged SCI mice. In the brain, transcriptomic analysis with NanoString neuropathology panel identified activated microglia and dysregulated autophagy as the most significantly altered pathways by both age and injury. These findings were further validated by flow cytometry, which demonstrated increased myeloid and lymphocytes infiltration at both the injured site and brain of aged mice. Moreover, SCI in aged mice altered microglial function and dysregulated autophagy in microglia, resulting in worsened neurodegeneration. Taken together, our data indicate that old age exacerbates neuropathological changes in both the injured spinal cord and remote brain regions leading to poorer functional outcomes, at least in part, through altered inflammation and autophagy function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofan Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Alan I Faden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Yoo J, Shin JC, Lim KB, Kim SH, Kim HS, Kim SH, Baek D, Jo S, Kim J, Baek A, Cho SR. Exposure to an enriched environment modulates the synaptic vesicle cycle in a mouse spinal cord injury model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11946. [PMID: 38789574 PMCID: PMC11126684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to motor and sensory impairment below the site of injury, thereby necessitating rehabilitation. An enriched environment (EE) increases social interaction and locomotor activity in a mouse model, similar to human rehabilitation. However, the impact of EE on presynaptic plasticity in gene expression levels remains unclear. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of EE in an SCI mouse model. Mice with spinal cord contusion were divided into two groups: those housed in standard cages (control) and those in EE conditions (EE). Each group was housed separately for either 2- or 8-weeks post-injury, after which RNA sequencing was performed and compared to a sham group (receiving only a dorsal laminectomy). The synaptic vesicle cycle (SVC) pathway and related genes showed significant downregulation after SCI at both time points. Subsequently, we investigated whether exposure to EE for 2- and 8-weeks post-SCI could modulate the SVC pathway and its related genes. Notably, exposure to EE for 8 weeks resulted in a marked reversal effect of SVC-related gene expression, along with stimulation of axon regeneration and mitigation of locomotor activity loss. Thus, prolonged exposure to EE increased presynaptic activity, fostering axon regeneration and functional improvement by modulating the SVC in the SCI mouse model. These findings suggest that EE exposure proves effective in inducing activity-dependent plasticity, offering a promising therapeutic approach akin to rehabilitation training in patients with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehyun Yoo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Cheol Shin
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kil-Byung Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Dawoon Baek
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Seongmoon Jo
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ahreum Baek
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Microarray and Bioinformatics Analysis of Differential Gene and lncRNA Expression during Erythropoietin Treatment of Acute Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4121910. [PMID: 36092786 PMCID: PMC9462987 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4121910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We performed a genome-wide analysis of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression to identify novel targets for the further study of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) treatment of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods Nine rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. No operation was performed in group 1. In groups 2 and 3, a laminectomy was performed at the 10th thoracic vertebra, and a contusion injury was induced by extradural application of an aneurysm clip. Group 1 rats did not receive any treatment, group 2 rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of normal saline, and group 3 rats received rhEPO. Three days after injury, spinal cord tissues were collected for RNA-Seq, microarray, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. Results Compared with group 1, 4,446 genes were found to be differentially expressed in group 2. Furthermore, 99 lncRNAs were found to be changed in the injury group. The data indicate that 2,471 mRNAs were upregulated, and 1,975 mRNAs were downregulated in group 2 as compared with group 1. In addition, 45 of the lncRNAs were upregulated, and the other 44 lncRNAs were downregulated. The top 5 upregulated and top 5 downregulated lncRNAs that were different between group 2 and group 1 are shown. The top 5 downregulated and the top 5 upregulated lncRNAs that were different between group 3 and group 2 are shown. Conclusion RhEPO treatment alters the expression profiles of the differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes beneficial to the development of new treatments.
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Cao L, Li Q. Revealing Potential Spinal Cord Injury Biomarkers and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics in Mice. Front Genet 2022; 13:883810. [PMID: 35706450 PMCID: PMC9189360 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.883810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling condition with significant morbidity and mortality. Currently, no effective SCI treatment exists. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and characterize the properties of immune cell infiltration during this pathological event. To eliminate batch effects, we concurrently analyzed two mouse SCI datasets (GSE5296, GSE47681) from the GEO database. First, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using linear models for microarray data (LIMMA) and performed functional enrichment studies on those DEGs. Next, we employed bioinformatics and machine-learning methods to identify and define the characteristic genes of SCI. Finally, we validated them using immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR. Additionally, this study assessed the inflammatory status of SCI by identifying cell types using CIBERSORT. Furthermore, we investigated the link between key markers and infiltrating immune cells. In total, we identified 561 robust DEGs. We identified Rab20 and Klf6 as SCI-specific biomarkers and demonstrated their significance using qRT-PCR in the mouse model. According to the examination of immune cell infiltration, M0, M1, and M2 macrophages, along with naive CD8, dendritic cell-activated, and CD4 Follicular T cells may have a role in the progression of SCI. Therefore, Rab20 and Klf6 could be accessible targets for diagnosing and treating SCI. Moreover, as previously stated, immune cell infiltration may significantly impact the development and progression of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cao
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Orthopedics Traumatic, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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A Time-Course Study of the Expression Level of Synaptic Plasticity-Associated Genes in Un-Lesioned Spinal Cord and Brain Areas in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury: A Bioinformatic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168606. [PMID: 34445312 PMCID: PMC8395345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
"Neuroplasticity" is often evoked to explain adaptation and compensation after acute lesions of the Central Nervous System (CNS). In this study, we investigated the modification of 80 genes involved in synaptic plasticity at different times (24 h, 8 and 45 days) from the traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), adopting a bioinformatic analysis. mRNA expression levels were analyzed in the motor cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum and in the spinal segments rostral and caudal to the lesion. The main results are: (i) a different gene expression regulation is observed in the Spinal Cord (SC) segments rostral and caudal to the lesion; (ii) long lasting changes in the SC includes the extracellular matrix (ECM) enzymes Timp1, transcription regulators (Egr, Nr4a1), second messenger associated proteins (Gna1, Ywhaq); (iii) long-lasting changes in the Motor Cortex includes transcription regulators (Cebpd), neurotransmitters/neuromodulators and receptors (Cnr1, Gria1, Nos1), growth factors and related receptors (Igf1, Ntf3, Ntrk2), second messenger associated proteins (Mapk1); long lasting changes in Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum include ECM protein (Reln), growth factors (Ngf, Bdnf), transcription regulators (Egr, Cebpd), neurotransmitter receptors (Grin2c). These data suggest the molecular mapping as a useful tool to investigate the brain and SC reorganization after SCI.
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Zhang L, López-Picón FR, Jia Y, Chen Y, Li J, Han C, Zhuang X, Xia H. Longitudinal [ 18F]FDG and [ 13N]NH 3 PET/CT imaging of brain and spinal cord in a canine hemisection spinal cord injury model. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 31:102692. [PMID: 33992987 PMCID: PMC8134064 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To further understand the neurological changes induced by spinal cord injury (SCI) in its acute and subacute stages, we evaluated longitudinal changes in glucose and glutamate metabolism in the spinal cord and brain regions of a canine hemisection SCI model. [18F]FDG and [13N]NH3 positron-emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography (CT) was performed before SCI and at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after SCI. Spinal cord [18F]FDG uptake increased and peaked at 3 days post SCI. Similar changes were observed in the brain regions but were not statistically significant. Compared to the acute phase of SCI, [13N]NH3 uptake increased in the subacute stage and peaked at 7 days post SCI in all analyzed brain regions. But in spinal cord, no [13N]NH3 uptake was detected before SCI when the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) was intact, then gradually increased when the BSCB was damaged after SCI. [13N]NH3 uptake was significantly correlated with plasma levels of the BSCB disruption marker, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Overall, we showed that SCI induced in vivo changes in glucose uptake in both the spinal cord and the examined brain regions, and changes in glutamine synthetase activity in the latter. Moreover, our results suggest that [13N]NH3 PET may serve as a potential method for assessing BSCB permeability in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Francisco R López-Picón
- Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yingqin Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Chunlei Han
- Clinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaoqing Zhuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hechun Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
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7
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Xu L, Ye X, Zhong J, Chen YY, Wang LL. New Insight of Circular RNAs' Roles in Central Nervous System Post-Traumatic Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:644239. [PMID: 33841083 PMCID: PMC8029650 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.644239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) post-traumatic injury can cause severe nerve damage with devastating consequences. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain vague. There is still an urgent need for more effective treatments. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that can form covalently closed RNA circles. Through second-generation sequencing technology, microarray analysis, bioinformatics, and other technologies, recent studies have shown that a number of circRNAs are differentially expressed after traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI). These circRNAs play important roles in the proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis in CNS post-traumatic injury. In this review, we summarize the expression and functions of circRNAs in CNS in recent studies, as well as the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction networks. The potential clinical value of circRNAs as a therapeutic target is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvwan Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjie Zhong
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Li N, Bai RF, Li C, Dang LH, Du QX, Jin QQ, Cao J, Wang YY, Sun JH. Insight into molecular profile changes after skeletal muscle contusion using microarray and bioinformatics analyses. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203699. [PMID: 33398324 PMCID: PMC7816072 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle trauma frequently occurs in daily life. However, the molecular mechanisms of muscle healing, which partly depend on the extent of the damage, are not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate gene expression profiles following mild and severe muscle contusion, and to provide more information about the molecular mechanisms underlying the repair process. A total of 33 rats were divided randomly into control (n=3), mild contusion (n=15), and severe contusion (n=15) groups; the contusion groups were further divided into five subgroups (1, 3, 24, 48, and 168 h post-injury; n=3 per subgroup). A total of 2844 and 2298 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using microarray analyses in the mild and severe contusions, respectively. From the analysis of the 1620 coexpressed genes in mildly and severely contused muscle, we discovered that the gene profiles in functional modules and temporal clusters were similar between the mild and severe contusion groups; moreover, the genes showed time-dependent patterns of expression, which allowed us to identify useful markers of wound age. The functional analyses of genes in the functional modules and temporal clusters were performed, and the hub genes in each module-cluster pair were identified. Interestingly, we found that genes down-regulated at 24-48 h were largely associated with metabolic processes, especially of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which has been rarely reported. These results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle repair, and provide a basis for further studies of wound age estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Ru-feng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and law, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Li-hong Dang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiu-xiang Du
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian-qian Jin
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Cao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying-yuan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun-hong Sun
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030604, Shanxi, China
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Sugeno A, Piao W, Yamazaki M, Takahashi K, Arikawa K, Matsunaga H, Hosokawa M, Tominaga D, Goshima Y, Takeyama H, Ohshima T. Cortical transcriptome analysis after spinal cord injury reveals the regenerative mechanism of central nervous system in CRMP2 knock-in mice. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1258-1265. [PMID: 33318403 PMCID: PMC8284262 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.301035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that mutation at Ser522 causes inhibition of collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) phosphorylation and induces axon elongation and partial recovery of the lost sensorimotor function after spinal cord injury (SCI). We aimed to reveal the intracellular mechanism in axotomized neurons in the CRMP2 knock-in (CRMP2KI) mouse model by performing transcriptome analysis in mouse sensorimotor cortex using micro-dissection punching system. Prior to that, we analyzed the structural pathophysiology in axotomized or neighboring neurons after SCI and found that somatic atrophy and dendritic spine reduction in sensorimotor cortex were suppressed in CRMP2KI mice. Further analysis of the transcriptome has aided in the identification of four hemoglobin genes Hba-a1, Hba-a2, Hbb-bs, and Hbb-bt that are significantly upregulated in wild-type mice with concomitant upregulation of genes involved in the oxidative phosphorylation and ribosomal pathways after SCI. However, we observed substantial upregulation in channel activity genes and downregulation of genes regulating vesicles, synaptic function, glial cell differentiation in CRMP2KI mice. Moreover, the transcriptome profile of CRMP2KI mice has been discussed wherein energy metabolism and neuronal pathways were found to be differentially regulated. Our results showed that CRMP2KI mice displayed improved SCI pathophysiology not only via microtubule stabilization in neurons, but also possibly via the whole metabolic system in the central nervous system, response changes in glial cells, and synapses. Taken together, we reveal new insights on SCI pathophysiology and the regenerative mechanism of central nervous system by the inhibition of CRMP2 phosphorylation at Ser522. All these experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Waseda University, Japan (2017-A027 approved on March 21, 2017; 2018-A003 approved on March 25, 2018; 2019-A026 approved on March 25, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Sugeno
- Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University; Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wenhui Piao
- Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Yamazaki
- Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University; Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Takahashi
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Arikawa
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsunaga
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Hosokawa
- Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering; Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation; Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tominaga
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo; Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haruko Takeyama
- Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University; Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation; Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience; Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Wu L, Niu Z, Hu X, Liu H, Li S, Chen L, Zheng D, Liu Z, Liu T, Xu F, Manyande A, Wang J, Xia H. Regional cerebral metabolic levels and turnover in awake rats after acute or chronic spinal cord injury. FASEB J 2020; 34:10547-10559. [PMID: 32592196 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000447r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases Yinchuan P.R. China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
| | - Zhanfeng Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
| | - Xulei Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases Yinchuan P.R. China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
| | - Huili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Danhao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing P.R. China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Anne Manyande
- School of Human and Social Sciences University of West London London UK
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P.R. China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes 2nd Hospital of Shijiazhuang Shijiazhuang P.R. China
| | - Hechun Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
- Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan P.R. China
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11
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Park JB, Suh M, Park JY, Park JK, Kim YI, Kim H, Cho YS, Kang H, Kim K, Choi JH, Nam JW, Kim HK, Lee YS, Jeong JM, Kim YJ, Paeng JC, Lee SP. Assessment of Inflammation in Pulmonary Artery Hypertension by 68Ga-Mannosylated Human Serum Albumin. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:95-106. [PMID: 31322420 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0639oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Diagnosis and monitoring of patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is currently difficult.Objectives: We aimed to develop a noninvasive imaging modality for PAH that tracks the infiltration of macrophages into the pulmonary vasculature, using a positron emission tomography (PET) agent, 68Ga-2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) mannosylated human serum albumin (MSA), that targets the mannose receptor (MR).Methods: We induced PAH in rats by monocrotaline injection. Tissue analysis, echocardiography, and 68Ga-NOTA-MSA PET were performed weekly in rats after monocrotaline injection and in those treated with either sildenafil or macitentan. The translational potential of 68Ga-NOTA-MSA PET was explored in patients with PAH.Measurements and Main Results: Gene sets related to macrophages were significantly enriched on whole transcriptome sequencing of the lung tissue in PAH rats. Serial PET images of PAH rats demonstrated increasing uptake of 68Ga-NOTA-MSA in the lung by time that corresponded with the MR-positive macrophage recruitment observed in immunohistochemistry. In sildenafil- or macitentan-treated PAH rats, the infiltration of MR-positive macrophages by histology and the uptake of 68Ga-NOTA-MSA on PET was significantly lower than that of the PAH-only group. The pulmonary uptake of 68Ga-NOTA-MSA was significantly higher in patients with PAH than normal subjects (P = 0.009) or than those with pulmonary hypertension by left heart disease (P = 0.019) (n = 5 per group).Conclusions: 68Ga-NOTA-MSA PET can help diagnose PAH and monitor the inflammatory status by imaging the degree of macrophage infiltration into the lung. These observations suggest that 68Ga-NOTA-MSA PET has the potential to be used as a novel noninvasive diagnostic and monitoring tool of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bean Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Jin Kyun Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Hyunah Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seul Cho
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Kang
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibyung Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wu Nam
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Baek A, Shin JC, Lee MY, Kim SH, Kim J, Cho SR. Parasympathetic Effect Induces Cell Cycle Activation in Upper Limbs of Paraplegic Patients with Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235982. [PMID: 31783707 PMCID: PMC6929129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate gene expression changes related to cell cycle activation in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to further evaluate the difference between the upper and lower limbs of SCI patients. Fibroblasts were obtained from the upper and lower limbs of SCI patients and healthy subjects. To investigate gene expression profiling in the fibroblasts from SCI patients compared to the healthy subjects, RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis was performed. To validate the parasympathetic effects on cell cycle activation, fibroblasts from upper or lower limbs of SCI patients were treated with the anticholinergic agents tiotropium or acetylcholine, and quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted. Cell proliferation was significantly increased in the upper limbs of SCI patients compared with the lower limbs of SCI patients and healthy subjects. The pathway and genes involved in cell cycle were identified by RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis. Expression of cell-cycle-related genes CCNB1, CCNB2, PLK1, BUB1, and CDC20 were significantly higher in the upper limbs of SCI patients compared with the lower limbs of SCI patients and healthy subjects. When the fibroblasts were treated with tiotropium the upper limbs and acetylcholine in the lower limbs, the expression of cell-cycle-related genes and cell proliferation were significantly modulated. This study provided the insight that cell proliferation and cell cycle activation were observed to be significantly increased in the upper limbs of SCI patients via the parasympathetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Baek
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (A.B.); (J.C.S.); (M.-Y.L.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Ji Cheol Shin
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (A.B.); (J.C.S.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Min-Young Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (A.B.); (J.C.S.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Jiyong Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Inje University Ilsanpaik Hospital, 170 Juhwa-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang 10380, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (S.-R.C.); Tel.: +82-31-910-7885 (J.K.); +82-2-2228-3715 (S.-R.C.); Fax: +82-31-910-7786 (J.K.); +82-2-363-2795 (S.-R.C.)
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (A.B.); (J.C.S.); (M.-Y.L.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Yonsei Stem Cell Center, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (S.-R.C.); Tel.: +82-31-910-7885 (J.K.); +82-2-2228-3715 (S.-R.C.); Fax: +82-31-910-7786 (J.K.); +82-2-363-2795 (S.-R.C.)
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13
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Yasko JR, Moss IL, Mains RE. Transcriptional Profiling of Non-injured Nociceptors After Spinal Cord Injury Reveals Diverse Molecular Changes. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:284. [PMID: 32038157 PMCID: PMC6988781 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) has devastating implications for patients, including a high predisposition for developing chronic pain distal to the site of injury. Chronic pain develops weeks to months after injury, consequently, patients are treated after irreparable changes have occurred. Nociceptors are central to chronic pain; however, the diversity of this cellular population presents challenges to understanding mechanisms and attributing pain modalities to specific cell types. To begin to address how peripheral sensory neurons below the injury level may contribute to the below-level pain reported by SCI patients, we examined SCI-induced changes in gene expression in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) below the site of injury. SCI was performed at the T10 vertebral level, with injury produced by a vessel clip with a closing pressure of 15 g for 1 min. Alterations in gene expression produce long-term sensory changes, therefore, we were interested in studying SCI-induced transcripts before the onset of chronic pain, which may trigger changes in downstream signaling pathways and ultimately facilitate the transmission of pain. To examine changes in the nociceptor subpopulation in DRG distal to the site of injury, we retrograde labeled sensory neurons projecting to the hairy hindpaw skin with fluorescent dye and collected the corresponding lumbar (L2–L6) DRG 4 days post-injury. Following dissociation, labeled neurons were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). RNA was extracted from sorted sensory neurons of naïve, sham, or SCI mice and sequenced. Transcript abundances validated that the desired population of nociceptors were isolated. Cross-comparisons to data sets from similar studies confirmed, we were able to isolate our cells of interest and identify a unique pattern of gene expression within a subpopulation of neurons projecting to the hairy hindpaw skin. Differential gene expression analysis showed high expression levels and significant transcript changes 4 days post-injury in SCI cell populations relevant to the onset of chronic pain. Regulatory interrelationships predicted by pathway analysis implicated changes within the synaptogenesis signaling pathway as well as networks related to inflammatory signaling mechanisms, suggesting a role for synaptic plasticity and a correlation with pro-inflammatory signaling in the transition from acute to chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Yasko
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Isaac L Moss
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and the Comprehensive Spine Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Richard E Mains
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
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14
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Nasouti R, Khaksari M, Mirzaee M, Nazari-Robati M. Trehalose protects against spinal cord injury through regulating heat shock proteins 27 and 70 and caspase-3 genes expression. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 31:jbcpp-2018-0225. [PMID: 31586966 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a class of highly conserved proteins responsible for various functions critical to cell survival. Pharmacological induction of HSPs has been implicated in the regulation of neuronal loss and functional deficits in peripheral and central nervous system injuries. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of trehalose on spinal expression of HSP27, HSP70 and caspase-3 genes following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods Male rats weighing 250-300 g underwent laminectomy and were divided into four groups including sham, SCI (received SCI), vehicle (received SCI and phosphate buffer saline intrathecally) and trehalose (received 10 mM trehalose intrathecally following SCI). On days 1, 3 and 7 after injury, HSP27, HSP70 and caspase-3 genes transcripts were quantified in spinal cord tissues via a real-time PCR technique. In addition, locomotor function was assessed using the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) rating scale. Results SCI induced the expression of HSP27, HSP70 and caspase-3 genes and BBB score at all time points. Trehalose treatment upregulated HSP27, HSP70 genes expression at 1 day after SCI. Interestingly, a significant reduction in the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 genes was observed on days 3 and 7 following trauma compared with the vehicle group (p < 0.01). Caspase-3 gene showed a decrease in expression in the trehalose-treated group at all times. In addition, neurological function revealed an improvement after treatment with trehalose. Conclusion This study suggests that the neuroprotective effect of trehalose is mediated via regulation of HSP27 and HSP70, which are involved in cytoprotection and functional recovery following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Nasouti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7616914115, Kerman, Iran.,Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7616914115, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7616914115 Kerman, Iran
| | - Moghaddameh Mirzaee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7616914115 Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nazari-Robati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7616914115, Kerman, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7616914115 Kerman, Iran, Phone: +98-34-33257660, Fax: +98-34-33257448
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15
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Chen J, Wu Y, Duan FX, Wang SN, Guo XY, Ding SQ, Zhou JH, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Effect of M2 macrophage adoptive transfer on transcriptome profile of injured spinal cords in rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:880-892. [PMID: 31159561 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219854668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The previous studies showed that alternatively activated anti-inflammatory macrophage (M2) adoptive immunity can improve the proportion of local M2 cells and play the neuroprotective effect after spinal cord injury (SCI). Its molecular mechanism is not yet very clear. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of the M2 adoptive transfer on the local expression of gene transcription. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used for culture of macrophages and establishment of SCI models. After SCI, the polarized M2 macrophages were transferred to the injured rats by tail vein injection. Seven days after operation, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the spinal cords were analyzed by RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Then, the functional enrichment analysis and pathways were performed by using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), respectively. RNA-Seq showed that M2 adoptive immunity can down-regulate many well-studied gene expressions associated with signaling pathways of inflammatory, such as antigen processing and presentation, phagosome, cell adhesion molecules, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, endocytosis, proteasome, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. These may explain the mechanism of our previous adoptive immunization of M2 cells to provide neuroprotection for SCI. In addition, a novel pathway, retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 (RIG-I)-like receptor signaling pathway was found to be involved in the pathological process of SCI and the response to M2 adoptive immunity as well. This will provide a new explanation for the pathological mechanism of SCI and a new theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical treatment. The raw Illumina data are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra (accession number PRJNA517238). Impact statement This research aimed to analyze the effect of M2 macrophage adoptive transfer on the local expression of gene transcription after SCI by RNA-Seq. The results showed that M2 adoptive immunity can down-regulate many well-studied gene expressions associated with signaling pathways of inflammatory. These may explain the mechanism of our previous adoptive immunization of M2 cells to provide neuroprotection for SCI. In addition, a novel pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway was also found to involve in the pathological process of SCI and the response to M2 adoptive immunity. This will provide a new explanation for the pathological mechanism of SCI and a new theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,3 Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,3 Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,3 Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Xue-Yan Guo
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Shu-Qin Ding
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Ji-Hong Zhou
- 3 Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- 1 Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,2 Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.,3 Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
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16
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Xu P, Yang X. The Efficacy and Safety of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:36-46. [PMID: 30362373 PMCID: PMC6322141 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718808471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease, with a high rate of disability. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating clinical SCI patients. We systematically searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical (CBM), Web of Science and Cochrane databases using the strategy of combination of free-text words and MeSH terms. The indicators of the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale (AIS)-grading improvement rate and adverse effects were displayed with an overall relative risk (RR). For the continuous variables of the ASIA motor score, light-touch score, pinprick score, activities of daily living (ADL) score, and residual urine volume, we used odds ratio (OR) to analyze the data. Eleven studies comprising 499 patients meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. No serious heterogeneity or publication bias was observed across each study. The results showed that significant improvements of total AIS grade (RR: 3.70; P < 0.001), AIS grade A (RR: 3.57; P < 0.001), ASIA sensory score (OR: 8.63; P < 0.001) and reduction of residual urine volume (OR: -36.37; P = 0.03) were observed in experimental group compared with control group. However, no significant differences of motor score (OR: 1.37, P = 0.19) and ADL score (OR: 2.61, P = 0.27) were observed between experimental and control groups. In addition, there were no serious and permanent adverse effects after cell transplantation. Cell transplantation with MSCs is effective and safe in improving the sensory and bladder functions of SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xianliang Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
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17
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A porcine model to study the effect of brain death on kidney genomic responses. J Clin Transl Sci 2018; 2:208-216. [PMID: 30800478 PMCID: PMC6374499 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2018.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A majority of transplanted organs come from donors after brain death (BD). Renal grafts from these donors have higher delayed graft function and lower long-term survival rates compared to living donors. We designed a novel porcine BD model to better delineate the incompletely understood inflammatory response to BD, hypothesizing that adhesion molecule pathways would be upregulated in BD. Methods Animals were anesthetized and instrumented with monitors and a balloon catheter, then randomized to control and BD groups. BD was induced by inflating the balloon catheter and animals were maintained for 6 hours. RNA was extracted from kidneys, and gene expression pattern was determined. Results In total, 902 gene pairs were differently expressed between groups. Eleven selected pathways were upregulated after BD, including cell adhesion molecules. Conclusions These results should be confirmed in human organ donors. Treatment strategies should target involved pathways and lessen the negative effects of BD on transplantable organs.
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18
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Baek A, Kim M, Kim SH, Cho SR, Kim HJ. Anti-inflammatory Effect of DNA Polymeric Molecules in a Cell Model of Osteoarthritis. Inflammation 2018; 41:677-688. [PMID: 29302765 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The DNA polymeric molecules polydeoxynucleotide (PDRN) and polynucleotide (PN) can be used as new alternative treatment for osteoarthritis (OA); however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of PDRN and PN on gene-expression profiles in a cell model of OA using transcriptome analysis. Under hypoxic conditions, human chondrosarcoma cells were stressed for 24 h in the presence of interleukin (IL)-1β and subsequently treated with PDRN, PN, or hyaluronic acid (HA) for another 24 h, followed by transcriptome analysis. The results of the transcriptome study comprising differentially expressed genes were analyzed using the Database of Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery program, which yielded Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Toll-like receptor (TLR)- and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR)-signaling pathways were related between the IL-1β group and the group treated with DNA polymeric molecules. The genes involved in the TLR- and NLR-signaling pathways were validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Among these genes, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 were dramatically upregulated in the IL-1β group, but significantly downregulated in the group treated with DNA polymeric molecules. Specifically, PN treatment resulted in a greater decrease in the expression of these genes as compared with PDRN treatment. Both PDRN and PN treatments were involved in the anti-inflammatory response associated with OA progression, with PN treatment exhibiting additional anti-inflammatory properties relative to PDRN treatment. These results provide insight into potential therapeutic approaches involving PDRN and PN treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Baek
- Department and Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - MinGi Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department and Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Oshigiri T, Sasaki T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Nakazaki M, Oka S, Morita T, Hirota R, Yoshimoto M, Yamashita T, Hashimoto-Torii K, Honmou O. Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alters Motor Cortex Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Acute Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 36:411-420. [PMID: 29901416 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has demonstrated that remote responses in the brain, as well as local responses in the injured spinal cord, can be induced after spinal cord injury (SCI). Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to provide functional improvements in SCI through local therapeutic mechanisms that provide neuroprotection, stabilization of the blood-spinal cord barrier, remyelination, and axonal sprouting. In the present study, we examined the brain response that might be associated with the functional improvements induced by the infused MSCs after SCI. Genome-wide RNA profiling was performed in the motor cortex of SCI rats at 3 days post-MSC or vehicle infusion. Then, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) data revealed that the "behaviorally-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs)" were identified by the Pearson's correlation analysis with the behavioral function, suggesting that the "behaviorally-associated DEGs" may be related to the functional recovery after systemic infusion of MSCs in SCI. These results suggested that the infused MSCs alter the gene expression signature in the brain and that these expression changes may contribute to the improved function in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Oshigiri
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Sasaki
- 3 Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hirota
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yoshimoto
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazue Hashimoto-Torii
- 3 Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC.,4 Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology, and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC.,5 Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1 Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Baek A, Park EJ, Kim SY, Nam BG, Kim JH, Jun SW, Kim SH, Cho SR. High-Frequency Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation Enhances the Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Through Activation of Ca 2+-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II-cAMP-Response Element-Binding Protein Pathway. Front Neurol 2018; 9:285. [PMID: 29867712 PMCID: PMC5949612 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be used in various neurological disorders. However, neurobiological mechanism of rTMS is not well known. Therefore, in this study, we examined the global gene expression patterns depending on different frequencies of repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS) in both undifferentiated and differentiated Neuro-2a cells to generate a comprehensive view of the biological mechanisms. The Neuro-2a cells were randomly divided into three groups—the sham (no active stimulation) group, the low-frequency (0.5 Hz stimulation) group, and high-frequency (10 Hz stimulation) group—and were stimulated 10 min for 3 days. The low- and high-frequency groups of rMS on Neuro-2a cells were characterized by transcriptome array. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed using the Database of Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery program, which yielded a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway. Amphetamine addiction pathway, circadian entrainment pathway, long-term potentiation (LTP) pathway, neurotrophin signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, and cholinergic synapse pathway were significantly enriched in high-frequency group compared with low-frequency group. Among these pathways, LTP pathway is relevant to rMS, thus the genes that were involved in LTP pathway were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The expression of glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl d-aspartate 1, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) δ, and CaMKIIα was increased, and the expression of CaMKIIγ was decreased in high-frequency group. These genes can activate the calcium (Ca2+)–CaMKII–cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway. Furthermore, high-frequency rMS induced phosphorylation of CREB, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcription via activation of Ca2+–CaMKII–CREB pathway. In conclusion, high-frequency rMS enhances the expression of BDNF by activating Ca2+–CaMKII–CREB pathway in the Neuro-2a cells. These findings may help clarify further therapeutic mechanisms of rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Baek
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Jee Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Graduate School Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Bae-Geun Nam
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate Program of NanoScience and Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sang Woo Jun
- Department of Biomedical Clinical Engineering, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate Program of NanoScience and Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Yonsei Stem Cell Center, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Yasko JR, Mains RE. Chronic pain following spinal cord injury: Current approaches to cellular and molecular mechanisms. TRENDS IN CELL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 13:67-84. [PMID: 33564218 PMCID: PMC7869846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) has devastating implications for patients, including a high prevalence of chronic pain. Despite advancements in our understanding of the mechanisms involved post-SCI, there are no effective treatments for chronic pain following injury. The development of new treatment interventions for pain is needed, but this requires improved models to assess injury-related cellular, neurophysiological and molecular changes in the spinal cord. Here, we will discuss recent animal models for SCI, molecular screening for altered patterns of gene expression, and the importance of injury severity and timing after SCI.
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