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Guzmán-Sastoque P, Sotelo S, Esmeral NP, Albarracín SL, Sutachan JJ, Reyes LH, Muñoz-Camargo C, Cruz JC, Bloch NI. Assessment of CRISPRa-mediated gdnf overexpression in an In vitro Parkinson's disease model. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1420183. [PMID: 39175618 PMCID: PMC11338903 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1420183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) presents a significant challenge in medical science, as current treatments are limited to symptom management and often carry significant side effects. Our study introduces an innovative approach to evaluate the effects of gdnf overexpression mediated by CRISPRa in an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease. The expression of gdnf can have neuroprotective effects, being related to the modulation of neuroinflammation and pathways associated with cell survival, differentiation, and growth. Methods We have developed a targeted delivery system using a magnetite nanostructured vehicle for the efficient transport of genetic material. This system has resulted in a substantial increase, up to 200-fold) in gdnf expression in an In vitro model of Parkinson's disease using a mixed primary culture of astrocytes, neurons, and microglia. Results and Discussion The delivery system exhibits significant endosomal escape of more than 56%, crucial for the effective delivery and activation of the genetic material within cells. The increased gdnf expression correlates with a notable reduction in MAO-B complex activity, reaching basal values of 14.8 μU/μg of protein, and a reduction in reactive oxygen species. Additionally, there is up to a 34.6% increase in cell viability in an In vitro Parkinson's disease model treated with the neurotoxin MPTP. Our study shows that increasing gdnf expression can remediate some of the cellular symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease in an in vitro model of the disease using a novel nanostructured delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastián Sotelo
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia P. Esmeral
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sonia Luz Albarracín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jhon-Jairo Sutachan
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis H. Reyes
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Juan C. Cruz
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natasha I. Bloch
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Park JM, Rahmati M, Lee SC, Shin JI, Kim YW. Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons, motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1584-1592. [PMID: 38051903 PMCID: PMC10883506 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Parkinson's disease is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms, no treatment can cure or reverse the disease itself. Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns, a lower risk of immune rejection, and a lower risk of teratogenicity. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function, memory, and preservation of dopaminergic neurons in a Parkinson's disease animal model. We searched bibliographic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify articles and included only peer-reviewed in vivo interventional animal studies published in any language through June 28, 2023. The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the standard mean differences (SMD) between the treatment and control groups. We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation's risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment. A total of 33 studies with data from 840 Parkinson's disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis. Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test. Among the stem cell types, the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed largest effect size (SMD [95% CI] = -6.21 [-9.50 to -2.93], P = 0.0001, I2 = 0.0 %). The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopaminergic neurons in the striatum ([95% CI] = 1.04 [0.59 to 1.49], P = 0.0001, I2 = 65.1 %) and substantia nigra (SMD [95% CI] = 1.38 [0.89 to 1.87], P = 0.0001, I2 = 75.3 %), indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons. Subgroup analysis of the amphetamine-induced rotation test showed a significant reduction only in the intracranial-striatum route (SMD [95% CI] = -2.59 [-3.25 to -1.94], P = 0.0001, I2 = 74.4 %). The memory test showed significant improvement only in the intravenous route (SMD [95% CI] = 4.80 [1.84 to 7.76], P = 0.027, I2 = 79.6 %). Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to positively impact motor function and memory function and protect dopaminergic neurons in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. Further research is required to determine the optimal stem cell types, modifications, transplanted cell numbers, and delivery methods for these protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Mi Park
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Wook Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Cortez J, Torres CG, Parraguez VH, De Los Reyes M, Peralta OA. Bovine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells self-assemble with testicular cells and integrates and modifies the structure of a testicular organoids. Theriogenology 2024; 215:259-271. [PMID: 38103403 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) display self-renewal and mesodermal differentiation potentials. These characteristics make them potentially useful for in vitro derivation of gametes, which may constitute experimental therapies for human and animal reproduction. Organoids provide a spatial support and may simulate a cellular niche for in vitro studies. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the potential integration of fetal bovine MSCs derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) in testicular organoids (TOs), their spatial distribution with testicular cells during TO formation and their potential for germ cell differentiation. TOs were developed using Leydig, Sertoli, and peritubular myoid cells that were previously isolated from bovine testes (n = 6). Thereafter, TOs were characterized using immunofluorescence and Q-PCR to detect testicular cell-specific markers. AT-MSCs were labeled with PKH26 and then cultured with testicular cells at a concentration of 1 × 106 cells per well in Ultra Low Attachment U-shape bottom (ULA) plates. TOs formed by testicular cells and AT-MSCs (TOs + AT-MSCs) maintained a rounded structure throughout the 28-day culture period and did not show significant differences in their diameters. Conversely, control TOs exhibited a compact structure until day 7 of culture, while on day 28 they displayed cellular extensions around their structure. Control TOs had greater (P < 0.05) diameters compared to TOs + AT-MSCs. AT-MSCs induced an increase in proportion of Leydig and peritubular myoid cells in TOs + AT-MSCs; however, did not induce changes in the overall gene expression of testicular cell-specific markers. STAR immunolabelling detected Leydig cells that migrated from the central area to the periphery and formed brunches in control TOs. However, in TOs + AT-MSCs, Leydig cells formed a compact peripheral layer. Sertoli cells immunodetected using WT1 marker were observed within the central area forming clusters of cells in TOs + AT-MSCs. The expression of COL1A associated to peritubular myoids cells was restricted to the central region in TOs + AT-MSCs. Thus, during a 28-day culture period, fetal bovine AT-MSCs integrated and modified the structure of the TOs, by restricting formation of branches, limiting the overall increase in diameters and increasing the proportions of Leydig and peritubular myoid cells. AT-MSCs also induced a reorganization of testicular cells, changing their distribution and particularly the location of Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahaira Cortez
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808 Chile; Doctorate Program of Forestry, Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences (DCSAV), University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808 Chile
| | - Cristian G Torres
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808 Chile
| | - Víctor H Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808 Chile
| | - Mónica De Los Reyes
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808 Chile
| | - Oscar A Peralta
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808 Chile.
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Pinjala P, Tryphena KP, Prasad R, Khatri DK, Sun W, Singh SB, Gugulothu D, Srivastava S, Vora L. CRISPR/Cas9 assisted stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease. Biomater Res 2023; 27:46. [PMID: 37194005 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2012, CRISPR Cas9 has been tried as a direct treatment approach to correct the causative gene mutation and establish animal models in neurodegenerative disorders. Since no strategy developed until now could completely cure Parkinson's disease (PD), neuroscientists aspire to use gene editing technology, especially CRISPR/Cas9, to induce a permanent correction in genetic PD patients expressing mutated genes. Over the years, our understanding of stem cell biology has improved. Scientists have developed personalized cell therapy using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit embryonic and patient-derived stem cells ex-vivo. This review details the importance of CRISPR/Cas9-based stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease in developing PD disease models and developing therapeutic strategies after elucidating the possible pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Pinjala
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Renuka Prasad
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Moonsuk Medical Research Building, 73 Inchon-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 12841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Moonsuk Medical Research Building, 73 Inchon-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 12841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dalapathi Gugulothu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Ghasemi M, Roshandel E, Mohammadian M, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Akbarzadehlaleh P, Shamsasenjan K. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived secretome-based therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: overview of clinical trials. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:122. [PMID: 37143147 PMCID: PMC10161443 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past few years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted a great deal of scientific attention owing to their promising results in the treatment of incurable diseases. However, there are several concerns about their possible side effects after direct cell transplantation, including host immune response, time-consuming cell culture procedures, and the dependence of cell quality on the donor, which limit the application of MSCs in clinical trials. On the other hand, it is well accepted that the beneficial effects of MSCs are mediated by secretome rather than cell replacement. MSC secretome refers to a variety of bioactive molecules involved in different biological processes, specifically neuro-regeneration. MAIN BODY Due to the limited ability of the central nervous system to compensate for neuronal loss and relieve disease progress, mesenchymal stem cell products may be used as a potential cure for central nervous system disorders. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of MSC secretome were reviewed and discussed the possible mechanisms in the three most prevalent central nervous system disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. The current work aimed to help discover new medicine for the mentioned complications. CONCLUSION The use of MSC-derived secretomes in the treatment of the mentioned diseases has encouraging results, so it can be considered as a treatment option for which no treatment has been introduced so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Roshandel
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Mohammadian
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Akbarzadehlaleh
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Karim Shamsasenjan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Zhou H, He Y, Xiong W, Jing S, Duan X, Huang Z, Nahal GS, Peng Y, Li M, Zhu Y, Ye Q. MSC based gene delivery methods and strategies improve the therapeutic efficacy of neurological diseases. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:409-437. [PMCID: PMC9713256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Ameliorates Ara-C-Induced Motor Deficits in a Mouse Model of Cerebellar Ataxia. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051756. [PMID: 36902541 PMCID: PMC10003478 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the therapeutic effects of transplanting human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into wild-type mice that were intraperitoneally administered cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) to develop cerebellar ataxia (CA) during the first three postnatal days. hMSCs were intrathecally injected into 10-week-old mice once or thrice at 4-week intervals. Compared to the nontreated mice, the hMSC-treated mice showed improved motor and balance coordination, as measured using the rotarod, open-field, and ataxic scoring assessments, and increased protein levels in Purkinje and cerebellar granule cells, as measured using calbindin and NeuN protein markers. Multiple hMSC injections preserved Ara-C-induced cerebellar neuronal loss and improved cerebellar weight. Furthermore, the hMSC implantation significantly elevated the levels of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors, and suppressed TNF-α-, IL-1β-, and iNOS-mediated proinflammatory responses. Collectively, our results demonstrate that hMSCs exhibit therapeutic potential for Ara-C-induced CA by protecting neurons through the stimulation of neurotrophic factors and inhibition of cerebellar inflammatory responses, which can improve motor behavior and alleviate ataxia-related neuropathology. In summary, this study suggests that hMSC administration, particularly multiple treatments, can effectively treat ataxia-related symptoms with cerebellar toxicity.
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Neurotrophic Factors as Regenerative Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status, Challenges and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043866. [PMID: 36835277 PMCID: PMC9968045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by acute or chronic progressive loss of one or several neuronal subtypes. However, despite their increasing prevalence, little progress has been made in successfully treating these diseases. Research has recently focused on neurotrophic factors (NTFs) as potential regenerative therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we discuss the current state of knowledge, challenges, and future perspectives of NTFs with a direct regenerative effect in chronic inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Various systems for delivery of NTFs, such as stem and immune cells, viral vectors, and biomaterials, have been applied to deliver exogenous NTFs to the central nervous system, with promising results. The challenges that currently need to be overcome include the amount of NTFs delivered, the invasiveness of the delivery route, the blood-brain barrier permeability, and the occurrence of side effects. Nevertheless, it is important to continue research and develop standards for clinical applications. In addition to the use of single NTFs, the complexity of chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases may require combination therapies targeting multiple pathways or other possibilities using smaller molecules, such as NTF mimetics, for effective treatment.
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Li M, Li J, Chen H, Zhu M. VEGF-Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Safe and Effective Treatment of Pain in Parkinson's Disease. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897221149130. [PMID: 36635947 PMCID: PMC9841873 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221149130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a pro-angiogenic factor that mediates the differentiation and function of vascular endothelial cells. VEGF has been implicated in modulating various pains. However, the effects of VEGF in Parkinson's disease (PD)-related pain have not been studied. The goal of this study was to understand the effects of VEGF-expressing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on PD-related pain and the involved mechanisms. We used two types of MSCs: hAMSC-Vector-GFP and hAMSC-VEGF189-GFP in PD mice. Then, the expression of VEGF and the viability have been compared between two types of MSCs. To demonstrate the therapeutic effect of hAMSC-VEGF189-GFP, we transplanted each cell line in a PD mouse model. Head mechanical withdrawal thresholds were examined. hAMSC-VEGF189-GFP was associated with significantly increased VEGF expression and slightly increased viability, compared with hAMSC-Vector-GFP. The transplanted hAMSC-VEGF189-GFP significantly improved mechanical allodynia and inhibited transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression in site. And such pain relief effects could be partially blocked by TRPV1 agonist. However, we did not observe tumor generation or neuron degeneration in hAMSC-VEGF189-GFP-transplanted animals. Taken together, our data suggest that hAMSC-VEGF189-GFP is safely therapeutically appropriate for treating PD-related pain. VEGF inhibits TRPV1 expression, which may contribute to its analgesic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,Mingxin Zhu, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China.
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Rodríguez-Pallares J, Labandeira-García J, García-Garrote M, Parga J. Combined cell-based therapy strategies for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease: focus on mesenchymal stromal cells. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:478-484. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.350193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Rahbaran M, Zekiy AO, Bahramali M, Jahangir M, Mardasi M, Sakhaei D, Thangavelu L, Shomali N, Zamani M, Mohammadi A, Rahnama N. Therapeutic utility of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based approaches in chronic neurodegeneration: a glimpse into underlying mechanisms, current status, and prospects. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:56. [PMID: 35842587 PMCID: PMC9287902 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has become an appreciated therapeutic approach in the context of neurodegenerative disease therapy. Accordingly, a myriad of studies in animal models and also some clinical trials have evinced the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of MSC transplantation in neurodegenerative conditions, most importantly in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD). The MSC-mediated desired effect is mainly a result of secretion of immunomodulatory factors in association with release of various neurotrophic factors (NTFs), such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Thanks to the secretion of protein-degrading molecules, MSC therapy mainly brings about the degradation of pathogenic protein aggregates, which is a typical appearance of chronic neurodegenerative disease. Such molecules, in turn, diminish neuroinflammation and simultaneously enable neuroprotection, thereby alleviating disease pathological symptoms and leading to cognitive and functional recovery. Also, MSC differentiation into neural-like cells in vivo has partially been evidenced. Herein, we focus on the therapeutic merits of MSCs and also their derivative exosome as an innovative cell-free approach in AD, HD, PD, and ALS conditions. Also, we give a brief glimpse into novel approaches to potentiate MSC-induced therapeutic merits in such disorders, most importantly, administration of preconditioned MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Rahbaran
- Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Mahta Bahramali
- Biotechnology Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Mardasi
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Sakhaei
- School of Medicine, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Negin Rahnama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Health Services, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Jin T, Botchway BOA, Fan R, Wang L, Liu X. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With Extracellular Vesicles May Improve Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:830346. [PMID: 35663577 PMCID: PMC9158432 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.830346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of central nervous system diseases together with their intricate pathogenesis complicate the establishment of effective treatment strategies. Presently, the superiority of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on neuronal injuries has attracted significant attention. Similarly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potential interventional agents that could identify and treat nerve injuries. Herein, we reviewed the potential effects of ADSCs and EVs on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) injured nerves, and expound on their practical application in the clinic setting. This article predominantly focused on the therapeutic role of ADSCs concerning the pathogenesis of ALS, the protective and reparative effects of EVs on nerve injury, as well as the impact following the combined usage of ADSCs and EVs in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | | | - Ruihua Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lvxia Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuehong Liu,
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Cao Q, Huang C, Chen XM, Pollock CA. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Toward Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategies in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:816656. [PMID: 35386912 PMCID: PMC8977463 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.816656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising in global prevalence and has become a worldwide public health problem, with adverse outcomes of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. However, current treatments are limited to slowing rather than reversing disease progression or restoring functional nephrons. Hence, innovative strategies aimed at kidney tissue recovery hold promise for CKD therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are commonly used for regenerative therapy due to their potential for proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are largely mediated by paracrine secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs), predominantly exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) replicate the functions of their originator MSCs via delivery of various genetic and protein cargos to target cells. More recently, MSC-Exos have also been utilized as natural carriers for targeted drug delivery. Therapeutics can be effectively incorporated into exosomes and then delivered to diseased tissue. Thus, MSC-Exos have emerged as a promising cell-free therapy in CKD. In this paper, we describe the characteristics of MSC-Exos and summarize their therapeutic efficacy in preclinical animal models of CKD. We also discuss the potential challenges and strategies in the use of MSC-Exos-based therapies for CKD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Cao
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Chunling Huang
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Renal Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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14
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Effects of Physical Training in Different Modes on Cognitive Function and GNDF Level in Old Mice. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-022-09924-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Saito Y, Miyajima M, Yamamoto S, Miura N, Sato T, Kita A, Ijima S, Fujimiya M, Chikenji TS. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:644-658. [PMID: 35466994 PMCID: PMC9216504 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Saito
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maki Miyajima
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sena Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Miura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Arisa Kita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shogo Ijima
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takako S Chikenji
- Corresponding author: Takako S. Chikenji, PhD. , North 12 West 5, Kitaku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan. Tel: +011 706 3382; Fax: +011 706 3382;
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16
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Liu D, Bobrovskaya L, Zhou XF. Cell Therapy for Neurological Disorders: The Perspective of Promising Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1142. [PMID: 34827135 PMCID: PMC8614777 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are big public health challenges that are afflicting hundreds of millions of people around the world. Although many conventional pharmacological therapies have been tested in patients, their therapeutic efficacies to alleviate their symptoms and slow down the course of the diseases are usually limited. Cell therapy has attracted the interest of many researchers in the last several decades and has brought new hope for treating neurological disorders. Moreover, numerous studies have shown promising results. However, none of the studies has led to a promising therapy for patients with neurological disorders, despite the ongoing and completed clinical trials. There are many factors that may affect the outcome of cell therapy for neurological disorders due to the complexity of the nervous system, especially cell types for transplantation and the specific disease for treatment. This paper provides a review of the various cell types from humans that may be clinically used for neurological disorders, based on their characteristics and current progress in related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (D.L.); (L.B.)
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17
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Genetic Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Disease Therapy: What Effects Does it Have on Phenotype/Cell Behavior, Determining Their Effectiveness? Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 24:683-702. [PMID: 32926348 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00491-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine, and their functions can be enhanced through genetic modification. Recent advances in genetic engineering provide several methods that enable gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells. However, it remains to be decided whether genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells by vectors carrying reporter or therapeutic genes leads to adverse effects on morphology, phenotypic profiles, and viability of transplanted cells. In this regard, we focus on the description of genetic modification methods of mesenchymal stem cells, their effectiveness, and the impact on phenotype/cell behavior/proliferation and the differentiation ability of these cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we compare the main effects of genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells with native mesenchymal stem cells when applied in the therapy of neurological diseases.
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18
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Angelopoulou E, Paudel YN, Piperi C. Role of Liver Growth Factor (LGF) in Parkinson's Disease: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3031-3042. [PMID: 33608826 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder with unclear etiology and only symptomatic treatment to date. Toward the development of novel disease-modifying agents, neurotrophic factors represent a reasonable and promising therapeutic approach. However, despite the robust preclinical evidence, clinical trials using glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin have been unsuccessful. In this direction, the therapeutic potential of other trophic factors in PD and the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms are of paramount importance. The liver growth factor (LGF) is an albumin-bilirubin complex acting as a hepatic mitogen, which also exerts regenerative effects on several extrahepatic tissues including the brain. Accumulating evidence suggests that intracerebral and peripheral administration of LGF can enhance the outgrowth of nigrostriatal dopaminergic axonal terminals; promote the survival, migration, and differentiation of neuronal stem cells; and partially protect against dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra of PD animal models. In most studies, these effects are accompanied by improved motor behavior of the animals. Potential underlying mechanisms involve transient microglial activation, TNF-α upregulation, and activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and of the transcription factor cyclic AMP response-element binding protein (CREB), along with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Herein, we summarize recent preclinical evidence on the potential role of LGF in PD pathogenesis, aiming to shed more light on the underlying molecular mechanisms and reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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19
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Salado-Manzano C, Perpiña U, Straccia M, Molina-Ruiz FJ, Cozzi E, Rosser AE, Canals JM. Is the Immunological Response a Bottleneck for Cell Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:250. [PMID: 32848630 PMCID: PMC7433375 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by a selective detrimental impact on neurons in a specific brain area. Currently, these diseases have no cures, although some promising trials of therapies that may be able to slow the loss of brain cells are underway. Cell therapy is distinguished by its potential to replace cells to compensate for those lost to the degenerative process and has shown a great potential to replace degenerated neurons in animal models and in clinical trials in PD and HD patients. Fetal-derived neural progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells are the main cell sources that have been tested in cell therapy approaches. Furthermore, new strategies are emerging, such as the use of adult stem cells, encapsulated cell lines releasing trophic factors or cell-free products, containing an enriched secretome, which have shown beneficial preclinical outcomes. One of the major challenges for these potential new treatments is to overcome the host immune response to the transplanted cells. Immune rejection can cause significant alterations in transplanted and endogenous tissue and requires immunosuppressive drugs that may produce adverse effects. T-, B-lymphocytes and microglia have been recognized as the main effectors in striatal graft rejection. This review aims to summarize the preclinical and clinical studies of cell therapies in PD and HD. In addition, the precautions and strategies to ensure the highest quality of cell grafts, the lowest risk during transplantation and the reduction of a possible immune rejection will be outlined. Altogether, the wide-ranging possibilities of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) could make therapeutic treatment of these incurable diseases possible in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Salado-Manzano
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Unai Perpiña
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Molina-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanuele Cozzi
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Transplant Immunology Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Anne E. Rosser
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Josep M. Canals
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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