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Sakamoto T, Fuku A, Horie T, Kitajima H, Nakamura Y, Tanida I, Sunami H, Hirata H, Tachi Y, Iida Y, Yamada S, Yamamoto N, Shimizu Y, Ishigaki Y, Ichiseki T, Kaneuji A, Osawa S, Kawahara N. A novel cell source for therapy of knee osteoarthritis using atelocollagen microsphere-adhered adipose-derived stem cells: Impact of synovial fluid exposure on cell activity. Regen Ther 2024; 27:408-418. [PMID: 38694445 PMCID: PMC11061654 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Administration of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the joint cavity has been shown to alleviate the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) by releasing exosomes and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, the therapeutic effect of these cells is limited by their rapid disappearance after administration. Thus, it is necessary to prolong cell survival in the joint cavity. This study aimed to investigate the potential application of ADSCs adhered to atelocollagen microspheres (AMSs) for cell therapy of knee OA. Methods ADSCs were cultured for 2, 4, and 7 days in AMS suspension or adherent culture dishes. The supernatants were analyzed for IL-10 and exosome secretion via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Nanosight. The effect of AMS was compared with that of adherent-cultured ADSCs (2D-cultured ADSCs) using transcriptome analysis. Moreover, the solubility of AMS and viability of ADSCs were evaluated using synovial fluid (SF) from patients with knee OA. Results Compared with 2D-cultured ADSCs, AMS-cultured ADSCs exhibited a significant increase in secretion of exosomes and IL-10, and the expression of several genes involved in extracellular matrix and immune regulation were altered. Furthermore, when AMS-cultured ADSCs were cultured in SF from knee OA patients to mimic the intra-articular environment, the SF dissolved the AMSs and released viable ADSCs. In addition, AMS-cultured ADSCs showed significantly higher long-term cell viability than 2D-cultured ADSCs. Conclusion Increased survival of AMS-adhered ADSCs was observed in the intra-articular environment, and AMSs were found to gradually dissipate. These results suggest that AMS-adhered ADSCs are promising source for cell therapy of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fuku
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Horie
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hironori Kitajima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ikuhiro Tanida
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sunami
- Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tachi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iida
- Department of Mathematics, Division of General Education, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Support Office for Bioresource Research, Center for Translational Research, Translational Research Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toru Ichiseki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kaneuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Norio Kawahara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Zhu J, Luo Q, Yang G, Xiao L. Biofabrication of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Constructs Through Faraday Wave Bioassembly of Cell-Laden Gelatin Microcarriers. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304541. [PMID: 38762758 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic biofabrication is an emerging strategy in tissue engineering due to its mild and fast manufacturing process. Herein, tissue-engineered cartilage constructs with high cell viability are fabricated from cell-laden gelatin microcarriers (GMs) through Faraday wave bioassembly, a typical acoustic "bottom-up" manufacturing process. Assembly modules are first prepared by incorporating cartilage precursor cells, the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5, or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), into GMs. Patterned structures are formed by Faraday wave bioassembly of the cell-laden GMs. Due to the gentle and efficient assembly process and the protective effects of microcarriers, cells in the patterned structures maintain high activity. Subsequently, tissue-engineered cartilage constructs are obtained by inducing cell differentiation of the patterned structures. Comprehensive evaluations are conducted to verify chondrocyte differentiation and the formation of cartilage tissue constructs in terms of cell viability, morphological analysis, gene expression, and matrix production. Finally, implantation studies with a rat cartilage defect model demonstrate that these tissue-engineered cartilage constructs are beneficial for the repair of articular cartilage damage in vivo. This study provides the first biofabrication of cartilage tissue constructs using Faraday wave bioassembly, extending its application to engineering tissues with a low cell density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qiuchen Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
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Lin J, Li K, Yang Z, Cao F, Gao L, Ning T, Xing D, Zeng H, Liu Q, Ge Z, Lin J. Functionally improved mesenchymal stem cells via nanosecond pulsed electric fields for better treatment of osteoarthritis. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:235-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
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Zhu J, Luo Q, Cao T, Yang G, Xiao L. Injectable cartilage microtissues based on 3D culture using porous gelatin microcarriers for cartilage defect treatment. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae064. [PMID: 38903559 PMCID: PMC11187498 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissues possess an extremely limited capacity for self-repair, and current clinical surgical approaches for treating articular cartilage defects can only provide short-term relief. Despite significant advances in the field of cartilage tissue engineering, avoiding secondary damage caused by invasive surgical procedures remains a challenge. In this study, injectable cartilage microtissues were developed through 3D culture of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) within porous gelatin microcarriers (GMs) and induced differentiation. These microtissues were then injected for the purpose of treating cartilage defects in vivo, via a minimally invasive approach. GMs were found to be noncytotoxic and favorable for cell attachment, proliferation and migration evaluated with BMSCs. Moreover, cartilage microtissues with a considerable number of cells and abundant extracellular matrix components were obtained from BMSC-laden GMs after induction differentiation culture for 28 days. Notably, ATDC5 cells were complementally tested to verify that the GMs were conducive to cell attachment, proliferation, migration and chondrogenic differentiation. The microtissues obtained from BMSC-laden GMs were then injected into articular cartilage defect areas in rats and achieved superior performance in alleviating inflammation and repairing cartilage. These findings suggest that the use of injectable cartilage microtissues in this study may hold promise for enhancing the long-term outcomes of cartilage defect treatments while minimizing the risk of secondary damage associated with traditional surgical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qiuchen Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Tiefeng Cao
- Department of Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun YatSen University, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Hamilton M, Wang J, Dhar P, Stehno-Bittel L. Controlled-Release Hydrogel Microspheres to Deliver Multipotent Stem Cells for Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1315. [PMID: 38002439 PMCID: PMC10669156 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease affecting articular cartilage and peri-articular tissues. Traditional treatments are insufficient, as they are aimed at mitigating symptoms. Multipotent Stromal Cell (MSC) therapy has been proposed as a treatment capable of both preventing cartilage destruction and treating symptoms. While many studies have investigated MSCs for treating OA, therapeutic success is often inconsistent due to low MSC viability and retention in the joint. To address this, biomaterial-assisted delivery is of interest, particularly hydrogel microspheres, which can be easily injected into the joint. Microspheres composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) were created as MSC delivery vehicles. Microrheology measurements indicated that the microspheres had structural integrity alongside sufficient permeability. Additionally, encapsulated MSC viability was found to be above 70% over one week in culture. Gene expression analysis of MSC-identifying markers showed no change in CD29 levels, increased expression of CD44, and decreased expression of CD90 after one week of encapsulation. Analysis of chondrogenic markers showed increased expressions of aggrecan (ACAN) and SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), and decreased expression of osteogenic markers, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and alkaline phosphatase (ALPL). In vivo analysis revealed that HA microspheres remained in the joint for up to 6 weeks. Rats that had undergone destabilization of the medial meniscus and had overt OA were treated with empty HA microspheres, MSC-laden microspheres, MSCs alone, or a control vehicle. Pain measurements taken before and after the treatment illustrated temporarily decreased pain in groups treated with encapsulated cells. Finally, the histopathological scoring of each group illustrated significantly less OA damage in those treated with encapsulated cells compared to controls. Overall, these studies demonstrate the potential of using HA-based hydrogel microspheres to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hamilton
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
- Likarda, Kansas City, MO 64137, USA;
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Prajnaparamita Dhar
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| | - Lisa Stehno-Bittel
- Likarda, Kansas City, MO 64137, USA;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
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Chen Z, Song X, Mu X, Zhang J, Cheang UK. 2D Magnetic Microswimmers for Targeted Cell Transport and 3D Cell Culture Structure Construction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8840-8853. [PMID: 36752406 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell delivery using magnetic microswimmers is a promising tool for targeted therapy. However, it remains challenging to rapidly and uniformly manufacture cell-loaded microswimmers that can be assembled into cell-supporting structures at diseased sites. Here, rapid and uniform manufacturable 2D magnetic achiral microswimmers with pores were fabricated to deliver bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to regenerate articular-damaged cartilage. Under actuation with magnetic fields, the BMSC-loaded microswimmers take advantage of the achiral structure to exhibit rolling or swimming motions to travel on smooth and rough surfaces, up inclined planes, or in the bulk fluid. Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation tests performed days after cell seeding verified the microswimmers' biocompatibility. Long-distance targeting and in situ assemblies into 3D cell-supporting structures with BMSC-loaded microswimmers were demonstrated using a knee model and U-shaped wells. Overall, combining the advantages of preparing an achiral 2D structured microswimmer with magnetically driven motility results in a platform for cell transport and constructing 3D cell cultures that can improve cell delivery at lesion sites for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoxia Song
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xueliang Mu
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junkai Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - U Kei Cheang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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7
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Laden in Hydrogels for Osteoarthritis Cartilage Regeneration: A Systematic Review from In Vitro Studies to Clinical Applications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243969. [PMID: 36552733 PMCID: PMC9777087 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review is focused on the main characteristics of the hydrogels used for embedding the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in in vitro/ex vivo studies, in vivo OA models and clinical trials for favoring cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis (OA). PubMED and Embase databases were used to select the papers that were submitted to a public reference manager Rayyan Systematic Review Screening Software. A total of 42 studies were considered eligible: 25 articles concerned in vitro studies, 2 in vitro and ex vivo ones, 5 in vitro and in vivo ones, 8 in vivo ones and 2 clinical trials. Some in vitro studies evidenced a rheological characterization of the hydrogels and description of the crosslinking methods. Only 37.5% of the studies considered at the same time chondrogenic, fibrotic and hypertrophic markers. Ex vivo studies focused on hydrogel adhesion properties and the modification of MSC-laden hydrogels subjected to compression tests. In vivo studies evidenced the effect of cell-laden hydrogels in OA animal models or defined the chondrogenic potentiality of the cells in subcutaneous implantation models. Clinical studies confirmed the positive impact of these treatments on patients with OA. To speed the translation to the clinical use of cell-laden hydrogels, further studies on hydrogel characteristics, injection modalities, chemo-attractant properties and adhesion strength are needed.
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Lin J, Yang Z, Wang L, Xing D, Lin J. Global research trends in extracellular vesicles based on stem cells from 1991 to 2021: A bibliometric and visualized study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:956058. [PMID: 36110319 PMCID: PMC9468424 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.956058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: With the development of extracellular vesicles (EVs) based on stem cells research all over the world, our present study was aiming to discover the global trends in this field. Methods: All publications related to EVs based on stem cells from 1991 to 2021 were collected from the Science Citation Index-Expanded of Web of Science Subsequently, the data were evaluated using the bibliometric methodology. In terms of visualized study, the VOS viewer software was performed to investigate the bibliographic coupling, co-citation, co-authorship, and co-occurrence trends, and last for the publication’s trends involved in the field of EVs based on stem cells. Results: A total of 8,208 publications were retrieved and the relative number of global publications and research interests were increasing every year especially in recent 5 years. China rank top one in terms of total publications, prolific authors, and funds, whereas the USA made the greatest contributions with the most total citations and highest H-index to the global research. Stem cell research therapy contributed the highest publications, whereas the journal of PLOS ONE showed the best total link strength. The Shanghai Jiao Tong University, University of California System, and Harvard University were the most contributive institutions. The global studies could be divided into six clusters as follows: cancer research, musculoskeletal system research, respiratory system research, urinary system and endocrine system research, nerve system research, and cardiovascular system research. All the directions were predicted to still hotspots in near future researches in this field. Conclusion: The total number of publications about EVs based stem cells would be increasing according to the current global trends. China and the USA was the largest contributors in this field. Further efforts should be put in the directions of cancer research, musculoskeletal system research, respiratory system research, urinary system and endocrine system research, nerve system research, as well was cardiovascular system research in this field of EVs based stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjing Lin
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Xing, ; Jianhao Lin,
| | - Jianhao Lin
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Xing, ; Jianhao Lin,
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Zabihi S, Bakhshpour M, Çalışır M, Topçu AA, Denizli A. Preparation of molecular imprinted injectable polymeric micro cryogels for control release of mitomycin C. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Epigenetic Regulation of Chondrocytes and Subchondral Bone in Osteoarthritis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040582. [PMID: 35455072 PMCID: PMC9030470 DOI: 10.3390/life12040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide an updated review of the epigenetic factors involved in the onset and development of osteoarthritis (OA). OA is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by chronic inflammation, ectopic bone formation within the joint, and physical and proteolytic cartilage degradation which result in chronic pain and loss of mobility. At present, no disease-modifying therapeutics exist for the prevention or treatment of the disease. Research has identified several OA risk factors including mechanical stressors, physical activity, obesity, traumatic joint injury, genetic predisposition, and age. Recently, there has been increased interest in identifying epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of OA. In this review, we detail several of these epigenetic modifications with known functions in the onset and progression of the disease. We also review current therapeutics targeting aberrant epigenetic regulation as potential options for preventive or therapeutic treatment.
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Zhao T, Wei Z, Zhu W, Weng X. Recent Developments and Current Applications of Hydrogels in Osteoarthritis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040132. [PMID: 35447692 PMCID: PMC9024926 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that causes disability if left untreated. The treatment of OA currently requires a proper delivery system that avoids the loss of therapeutic ingredients. Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering as a platform for carrying drugs and stem cells, and the anatomical environment of the limited joint cavity is suitable for hydrogel therapy. This review begins with a brief introduction to OA and hydrogels and illustrates the effects, including the analgesic effects, of hydrogel viscosupplementation on OA. Then, considering recent studies of hydrogels and OA, three main aspects, including drug delivery systems, mesenchymal stem cell entrapment, and cartilage regeneration, are described. Hydrogel delivery improves drug retention in the joint cavity, making it possible to deliver some drugs that are not suitable for traditional injection; hydrogels with characteristics similar to those of the extracellular matrix facilitate cell loading, proliferation, and migration; hydrogels can promote bone regeneration, depending on their own biochemical properties or on loaded proregenerative factors. These applications are interlinked and are often researched together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (T.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zhanqi Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (T.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Z.)
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (T.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (T.Z.); (Z.W.); (W.Z.)
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence:
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Bhattacharjee M, Escobar Ivirico JL, Kan HM, Shah S, Otsuka T, Bordett R, Barajaa M, Nagiah N, Pandey R, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Injectable amnion hydrogel-mediated delivery of adipose-derived stem cells for osteoarthritis treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120968119. [PMID: 35046053 PMCID: PMC8794776 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120968119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for osteoarthritis (OA) predominantly address symptoms with limited disease-modifying potential. There is a growing interest in the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for OA treatment and developing biomimetic injectable hydrogels as cell delivery systems. Biomimetic injectable hydrogels can simulate the native tissue microenvironment by providing appropriate biological and chemical cues for tissue regeneration. A biomimetic injectable hydrogel using amnion membrane (AM) was developed which can self-assemble in situ and retain the stem cells at the target site. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of intraarticular injections of AM hydrogels with and without ADSCs in reducing inflammation and cartilage degeneration in a collagenase-induced OA rat model. A week after the induction of OA, rats were treated with control (phosphate-buffered saline), ADSCs, AM gel, and AM-ADSCs. Inflammation and cartilage regeneration was evaluated by joint swelling, analysis of serum by cytokine profiling and Raman spectroscopy, gross appearance, and histology. Both AM and ADSC possess antiinflammatory and chondroprotective properties to target the sites of inflammation in an osteoarthritic joint, thereby reducing the inflammation-mediated damage to the articular cartilage. The present study demonstrated the potential of AM hydrogel to foster cartilage tissue regeneration, a comparable regenerative effect of AM hydrogel and ADSCs, and the synergistic antiinflammatory and chondroprotective effects of AM and ADSC to regenerate cartilage tissue in a rat OA model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maumita Bhattacharjee
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Jorge L Escobar Ivirico
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Ho-Man Kan
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Shiv Shah
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Takayoshi Otsuka
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Rosalie Bordett
- Connecticut Children's Innovation Center, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06032
| | - Mohammed Barajaa
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Naveen Nagiah
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Rishikesh Pandey
- Connecticut Children's Innovation Center, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06032
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Lakshmi S Nair
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030;
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
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13
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Zhu H, Zhuang Y, Li D, Dong N, Ma H, Liu L, Shi Q, Ju X. Cryo-Temperature Pretreatment Increases the Pro-Angiogenic Capacity of Three-Dimensional Mesenchymal Stem Cells via the PI3K-AKT Pathway. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221106996. [PMID: 35727010 PMCID: PMC9218451 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221106996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase the potential and effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for clinical applications, this study explored the effects of short cryo-temperature pretreatment on MSC function. Adipose-derived MSCs (A-MSCs) were cultured via the ordinary monolayer method and 3D hanging drop spheroid method. When the cells adhered to the wall or formed a spheroid, they were subjected to hypothermic stress at 4°C for 1 h and then divided into three recovery periods at 37°C, specifically 0, 12, and 24 h. The control group was not subjected to any treatment throughout the study. Monolayer and 3D spheroid A-MSCs were analyzed via RNA sequencing after hypothermic stress at 4°C for 1 h. Subsequently, each group of cells was collected and subjected to phenotype identification via flow cytometry, and mRNA expression was detected via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Western blot analysis was performed to analyze the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in A-MSCs. The effects of A-MSCs on angiogenesis in vivo were examined using a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Transwell assays were performed to determine whether the culture supernatant from each group could induce the chemotaxis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Three-dimensional spheroid culture did not change the phenotype of A-MSCs. The expression of fibroblast growth factors, hepatocyte growth factors, and other angiogenesis-related factors in A-MSCs was upregulated. A-MSCs subjected to hypothermic stress promoted angiogenesis under both monolayer and 3D spheroid cultures. Moreover, the chemotaxis of HUVECs to the 3D spheroid culture supernatant increased substantially. Short cryo-temperature pretreatment could stimulate 3D spheroid A-MSCs and activate the PI3K-AKT pathway. This approach has the advantages of promoting angiogenesis and maintaining cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasu Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Li
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huixian Ma
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linghong Liu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Ju
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Xiuli Ju, Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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14
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Wang B, Liu W, Li JJ, Chai S, Xing D, Yu H, Zhang Y, Yan W, Xu Z, Zhao B, Du Y, Jiang Q. A low dose cell therapy system for treating osteoarthritis: In vivo study and in vitro mechanistic investigations. Bioact Mater 2022; 7:478-490. [PMID: 34466747 PMCID: PMC8379370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be effective in alleviating the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, low MSC retention and survival at the injection site frequently require high doses of cells and/or repeated injections, which are not economically viable and create additional risks of complications. In this study, we produced MSC-laden microcarriers in spinner flask culture as cell delivery vehicles. These microcarriers containing a low initial dose of MSCs administered through a single injection in a rat anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection model of OA achieved similar reparative effects as repeated high doses of MSCs, as evaluated through imaging and histological analyses. Mechanistic investigations were conducted using a co-culture model involving human primary chondrocytes grown in monolayer, together with MSCs grown either within 3D constructs or as a monolayer. Co-culture supernatants subjected to secretome analysis showed significant decrease of inflammatory factors in the 3D group. RNA-seq of co-cultured MSCs and chondrocytes using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed processes relating to early chondrogenesis and increased extracellular matrix interactions in MSCs of the 3D group, as well as phenotypic maintenance in the co-cultured chondrocytes. The cell delivery platform we investigated may be effective in reducing the cell dose and injection frequency required for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 201180, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Senlin Chai
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 201180, China
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Hongsheng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjin Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 201180, China
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 201180, China
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 201180, China
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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15
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Intra-Articular Drug Delivery for Osteoarthritis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122166. [PMID: 34959445 PMCID: PMC8703898 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, clinical nonsurgical treatments of OA are only limited to pain relief, anti-inflammation, and viscosupplementation. Developing disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) is highly demanded for the efficient treatment of OA. As OA is a local disease, intra-articular (IA) injection directly delivers drugs to synovial joints, resulting in high-concentration drugs in the joint and reduced side effects, accompanied with traditional oral or topical administrations. However, the injected drugs are rapidly cleaved. By properly designing the drug delivery systems, prolonged retention time and targeting could be obtained. In this review, we summarize the drugs investigated for OA treatment and recent advances in the IA drug delivery systems, including micro- and nano-particles, liposomes, and hydrogels, hoping to provide some information for designing the IA injected formulations.
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16
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Chen T, Weng W, Liu Y, Aspera-Werz RH, Nüssler AK, Xu J. Update on Novel Non-Operative Treatment for Osteoarthritis: Current Status and Future Trends. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755230. [PMID: 34603064 PMCID: PMC8481638 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability which results in a reduced quality of life. Due to the avascular nature of cartilage, damaged cartilage has a finite capacity for healing or regeneration. To date, conservative management, including physical measures and pharmacological therapy are still the principal choices offered for OA patients. Joint arthroplasties or total replacement surgeries are served as the ultimate therapeutic option to rehabilitate the joint function of patients who withstand severe OA. However, these approaches are mainly to relieve the symptoms of OA, instead of decelerating or reversing the progress of cartilage damage. Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) aiming to modify key structures within the OA joints are in development. Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for repairing cartilage, in which cells, genes, and biomaterials are encompassed. Here, we review the current status of preclinical investigations and clinical translations of tissue engineering in the non-operative treatment of OA. Furthermore, this review provides our perspective on the challenges and future directions of tissue engineering in cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Weidong Weng
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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17
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence is constantly increasing. While there is currently no treatment that can alter the course of the disease, promising therapeutic strategies and novel targets are being investigated. Innovative cell therapies are already reaching clinical trials, and recent progress in our understanding of the disease is opening new routes for gene therapy. In the long term, the development of new biofabrication tools, such as 3D bioprinting, may pave the way for personalized mini-joint models that could be used to screen drugs and to personalize treatments. This review provides an overview of the most promising therapeutic approaches in the field of osteoarthritis, from upcoming treatments to those that are yet to be discovered.
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18
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Xing D, Wang K, Wu J, Zhao Y, Liu W, Li JJ, Gao T, Yan D, Wang L, Hao J, Lin J. Clinical-Grade Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Ameliorate the Progression of Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030604. [PMID: 33498966 PMCID: PMC7865331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymalstem cell (MSC)-based therapy is being increasingly explored in preclinical and clinical studies as a regenerative method for treating osteoarthritis (OA). However, the use of primary MSCs is hampered by a number of limitations, including donor heterogeneity and inconsistent cell quality. Here, we tested the therapeutic potential of embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs (ES-MSCs) in anOA rat model. ES-MSCs were generated and identified by morphology, trilineage differentiation and flow cytometry. Sprague Dawley rats were treated with either a single dose (106 cells/rat) of ES-MSCs or with three doses spaced one week apart for each dose, starting at four weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transectionto induce OA. Cartilage quality was evaluated at 6 and 10 weeks after treatment with behavioral analysis, macroscopic examination, and histology. At sixweeks after treatment, the groups treated with both single and repeated doses of ES-MSCs had significantly better modified Mankin scores and International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic scores in the femoral condyle compared to the control group. At 10 weeks after treatment, the repeated doses group had a significantly better ICRS macroscopic scores in the femoral condyle compared to the single dose and control groups. Histological analysis also showed more proteoglycan and less cartilage loss, along with lower Mankin scores in the repeated doses group. In conclusion, treatment with multiple injections of ES-MSCs can ameliorate OA in a rat model. TheES-MSCs have potential to be considered as a regenerative therapy for OA, and can provide an infinite cellular source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xing
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; (D.X.); (K.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; (D.X.); (K.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jun Wu
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.W.); (T.G.); (D.Y.); (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; (D.X.); (K.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Tingting Gao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.W.); (T.G.); (D.Y.); (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Deng Yan
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.W.); (T.G.); (D.Y.); (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liu Wang
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.W.); (T.G.); (D.Y.); (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Hao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.W.); (T.G.); (D.Y.); (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianhao Lin
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; (D.X.); (K.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (J.L.)
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