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Han H, Zhao X, Ma H, Zhang Y, Lei B. Multifunctional injectable hydrogels with controlled delivery of bioactive factors for efficient repair of intervertebral disc degeneration. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21867. [PMID: 38027562 PMCID: PMC10665751 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide suffer from intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), which imposes a significant socioeconomic burden on society. There is an urgent clinical demand for more effective treatments for IVDD because conventional treatments can only alleviate the symptoms rather than preventing the progression of IVDD. Hydrogels, a class of elastic biomaterials with good biocompatibility, are promising candidates for intervertebral disc repair and regeneration. In recent years, various hydrogels have been investigated in vitro and in vivo for the repair of intervertebral discs, some of which are ready for clinical testing. This review summarizes the latest findings and developments in using bioactive factors-released bioactive injectable hydrogels for the repair and regeneration of intervertebral discs. It focuses on the analysis and summary of the use of multifunctional injectable hydrogels to delivery bioactive factors (cells, exosomes, growth factors, genes, drugs) for disc regeneration, providing guidance for future study. Finally, we discussed and analyzed the optimal timing for the application of controlled-release hydrogels in the treatment of IVDD to meet the high standards required for intervertebral disc regeneration and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Han
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yingang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
- Fronter Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
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Zhou N, Shen B, Bai C, Ma L, Wang S, Wu D. Nutritional deficiency induces nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis via the ATF4-PKM2-AKT signal axis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:946. [PMID: 36324122 PMCID: PMC9628105 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular tissue in the human body. The nucleus pulposus (NP) consumes glucose and oxygen to generate energy to maintain cellular metabolism via nutrients that diffuse from the cartilage endplate. The microenvironment in the intervertebral disc becomes nutritionally deficient during degeneration, and nutritional deficiency has been shown to inhibit the viability and proliferation of NP cells. Methods To investigate the molecular mechanism by which nutritional deficiency reduces viability and decreases proliferation, we created an in vitro model by using decreasing serum concentration percentages. Results In this study, we found that nutritional deficiency reduced NP cell viability and increased cell apoptosis and that the upregulation of ATF4 expression and the downregulation of PKM2 expression were involved in this process. Moreover, we found that PKM2 inhibition can reduce the cell apoptosis induced by ATF4 silence under nutritional deficiency. Conclusion Our findings revealed that PKM2 inhibition reduces the cell apoptosis induced by ATF4 silence under nutritional deficiency by inhibiting AKT phosphate. Revealing the function and mechanism of NP cell development under nutritional deficiency will provide new insights into the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of intervertebral disc and related diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05853-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningfeng Zhou
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Shen
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Bai
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Ma
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanjin Wang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Desheng Wu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Nutrient-Response Pathways in Healthspan and Lifespan Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091568. [PMID: 35563873 PMCID: PMC9102925 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular, small invertebrate and vertebrate models are a driving force in biogerontology studies. Using various models, such as yeasts, appropriate tissue culture cells, Drosophila, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the mouse, has tremendously increased our knowledge around the relationship between diet, nutrient-response signaling pathways and lifespan regulation. In recent years, combinatorial drug treatments combined with mutagenesis, high-throughput screens, as well as multi-omics approaches, have provided unprecedented insights in cellular metabolism, development, differentiation, and aging. Scientists are, therefore, moving towards characterizing the fine architecture and cross-talks of growth and stress pathways towards identifying possible interventions that could lead to healthy aging and the amelioration of age-related diseases in humans. In this short review, we briefly examine recently uncovered knowledge around nutrient-response pathways, such as the Insulin Growth Factor (IGF) and the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin signaling pathways, as well as specific GWAS and some EWAS studies on lifespan and age-related disease that have enhanced our current understanding within the aging and biogerontology fields. We discuss what is learned from the rich and diverse generated data, as well as challenges and next frontiers in these scientific disciplines.
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Rajesh N, Moudgil-Joshi J, Kaliaperumal C. Smoking and degenerative spinal disease: A systematic review. BRAIN AND SPINE 2022; 2:100916. [PMID: 36248118 PMCID: PMC9560562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bas.2022.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is responsible for the death of more than 8 million people per year globally. Through a systematic literature review, we aim to review the harmful effects of tobacco smoking on degenerative spinal diseases (DSD). DSD is a debilitating disease and there is a need to identify if smoking can be an attributable contender for the occurrence of this disease, as it can open up avenues for therapeutic options. Sources such as PubMed and Embase were used to review literature, maintaining tobacco smoking and spinal diseases as inclusion factors, excluding any article that did not explore this relationship. Risk of bias was assessed using analysis of results, sample size and methods and limitations. Upon review of the literature, tobacco smoking was found to be a major risk factor for the occurrence of DSDs, particularly lumbar spinal diseases. Smokers also experienced a greater need for surgery and greater postoperative wound healing complications, increased pain perception, delay in recovery and decreased satisfaction after receiving surgery. These effects were noted along the entire spine. Many mechanisms of action have been identified in the literature that provide plausible pictures of how smoking leads to spinal degeneration, exploring possible primary targets which can open up opportunities to develop potential therapeutic agents. More studies on cervical and thoracic spinal degeneration would be beneficial in identifying the effect of nicotine on these spinal levels. Some limitations included insufficient sample size, inconclusive evidence and lack of sufficient repeat studies. However, there appears to be a sufficient amount of research on smoking directly contributing to lumbar spinal pathology. Smoking is a risk factor for the occurence of degenerative spinal disease (DSD). There are numerous pathological mechanisms attributed to spinal pathology by smoking. Smoking appears to be a significant risk factor for lumbar DSDs, with smoke studies also suggesting its role in cervical DSDs. There is insufficient research on the effect of smoking on the thoracic spine. Smoking leads to worse outcomes and potential complications post-surgery, as well as increased pain perception and poorer subjective response post-surgery.
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Lo WC, Chang CC, Chan CH, Singh AK, Deng YH, Lin CY, Tsao W, Chien ST, Lin CH, Deng WP. Platelet-Derived Biomaterials Exert Chondroprotective and Chondroregenerative Effects on Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1054. [PMID: 34685425 PMCID: PMC8540580 DOI: 10.3390/life11101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) range from acute to chronic conditions, leading to multiorgan disorders such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. However, little is known about the influence of DM on intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Moreover, traditional surgical outcomes in DM patients have been found poor, and to date, no definitive alternative treatment exists for DM-induced IVDD. Recently, among various novel approaches in regenerative medicine, the concentrated platelet-derived biomaterials (PDB), which is comprised of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), etc., have been reported as safe, biocompatible, and efficacious alternatives for various disorders. Therefore, we initially investigated the correlations between DM and IVDD, through establishing in vitro and in vivo DM models, and further evaluated the therapeutic effects of PDB in this comorbid pathology. In vitro model was established by culturing immortalized human nucleus pulposus cells (ihNPs) in high-glucose medium, whereas in vivo DM model was developed by administering streptozotocin, nicotinamide and high-fat diet to the mice. Our results revealed that DM deteriorates both ihNPs and IVD tissues, by elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress, inhibiting chondrogenic markers and disc height. Contrarily, PDB ameliorated IVDD by restoring cellular growth, chondrogenic markers and disc height, possibly through suppressing ROS levels. These data imply that PDB may serve as a potential chondroprotective and chondroregenerative candidate for DM-induced IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Lo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Abhinay Kumar Singh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Chia-Ying Lin
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Wen Tsao
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Ting Chien
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
| | - Chang-Hsien Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (A.K.S.); (Y.-H.D.)
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (W.T.); (S.-T.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
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