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Nazari S, Norberg A, Strandberg G, Åhlin J, Ericson-Lidman E, Mazaheri M. Perceptions and stress of conscience in relation to burnout among nursing staff in older people care settings: a cross sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:379. [PMID: 37833719 PMCID: PMC10571441 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01529-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering cultural influences, it is important to study the perceptions and stress of conscience in different contexts. This study aimed to investigate the association between perceptions of conscience, stress of conscience, and burnout among nursing staff working in older people care settings in Tehran. METHODS This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 161 participants completed the Perceptions of Conscience Questionnaire, Stress of Conscience Questionnaire, and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, 2019. All nursing staff working at the 20 contacted nursing homes agreed to participate in the study. The descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted through SPSS, using T-tests and one-way between-groups analysis of variance, Chi-square and t-tests, Cohen's d (d), Eta-squared (η2), and Phi coefficient (φ), Partial least squares regression (PLSR), jackknife approximate t-tests of the regression coefficients, and jackknife 95% confidence intervals of the regression coefficients. RESULTS The nursing staff perceived their conscience mainly as an authority, asset, and warning signal. Impact of workload on family life was the most common source of stress for the nursing staff. Dealing with incompatible demands, the impact of workload on family life, witnessing insulated patients, inability to meet one's standards in providing care, and perception of conscience as a burden were strongly associated with the burnout. CONCLUSIONS Perceiving conscience as a warning signal or authority may serve as a buffer against burnout among nursing staff. This study highlights the need for further exploration of perceptions of conscience in different cultural and social backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nazari
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Johan Åhlin
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Monir Mazaheri
- Department of Nursing Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
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Mazuecos FJ, De-Juanas Oliva Á, Rodríguez-Bravo AE, Páez Gallego J. The Social Values of Nursing Staff and the Perceived Quality of Their Professional Lives. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2720. [PMID: 37893794 PMCID: PMC10606655 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study's main purpose involves exploring the relationship between the social values of nursing staff and the perception they have of their professional lives. A further aim is to examine how their terms of employment and tenure of service relate to the quality of their careers and their social values. The research consisted of a non-experimental quantitative approach of a descriptive nature involving 380 nursing staff at four public hospitals in Madrid (Spain). The values were appraised by means of the Schwarz Value Survey (SVS) and the quality of their careers was measured through the Quality of Professional Life (QPL-35) questionnaire. The results reveal significant correlations between the two, highlighting the significance of such values as universalism, benevolence, achievement and power depending on their terms of employment, on the one hand, and all the values in the Schwartz model according to the length of their tenure on the other. The findings suggest that terms of employment and tenure are significantly related to the axiological profile of nursing staff and the quality of their professional lives. This study provides major empirical evidence that contributes to our understanding of how social values and the quality of professional lives are interwoven within the field of nursing in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Mazuecos
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Calle Juan del Rosal 14, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.M.); (A.E.R.-B.)
| | - Ángel De-Juanas Oliva
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Calle Juan del Rosal 14, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.M.); (A.E.R.-B.)
| | - Ana Eva Rodríguez-Bravo
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Calle Juan del Rosal 14, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.M.); (A.E.R.-B.)
| | - Javier Páez Gallego
- Faculty of Law, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Calle del Obispo Trejo, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Bayraktar D, Aydın AK, Eliş T, Öztürk K. Inclination of Nursing Students Towards Ethical Values and The Effects of Ethical Values on Their Care Behaviours. JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2023; 20:433-445. [PMID: 37402121 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A descriptive, cross-sectional study aimed to determine the inclination of nursing students towards ethical values and the effects of these values on care behaviours. The data for this study were collected from 466 students studying from May 13-24, 2019. The data were collected using a questionnaire on the sociodemographic characteristics of the students, Inclination to Ethical Values Scale (IEVS), and Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (CBI-24). In this study, 43.1 per cent of them belonged to families who had a protective attitude. The total mean (SD) IEVS and CBI-24 scores were 63.99 (12.68) and 117.19 (17.95), respectively. The mean item score was 4.88 (0.74). A moderate positive correlation was observed between the inclination of the students towards ethical values and their care behaviours. The general family structure of the nursing students and their participation in an ethics class affected the inclination of the nursing students to ethical values and their care behaviours. This study showed that the ethical values of the students positively affected their care behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Bayraktar
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing, 36100, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Karabağ Aydın
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Tunç Eliş
- Kafkas University, Atatürk Vocational School of Health Service, Department of Elderly Care, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Kader Öztürk
- Ardahan University, Vocational School of Health Service, Medical Services and Techniques Department, 75000, Ardahan, Turkey
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Lok N, Uzun G, Selçuk Tosun A. Determinants of nursing students' inclination to ethical values: Compassionate love and perceived social support from the family. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 67:103556. [PMID: 36738526 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since professional values and the associated behaviors constitute the basis of practice in nursing, which is a profession based on professional ethics and ethical values, it is important to determine the inclination of nurses and nursing students to ethical values and the associated factors. AIM In this study, it was aimed to determine nursing students' levels of inclination to ethical values, compassionate love and perceived social support from the family, to examine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, compassionate love and perceived social support from family and inclination to ethical values, and the determining factors affecting the inclination to ethical values. DESIGN This is a descriptive relational study. METHODS The study was conducted with 558 students studying at the faculty of nursing between April-June 2022. The data were collected face-to-face using the Personal Information Form, Inclination to Ethical Values Scale, Compassionate Love Scale, and Scale of Perceived Social Support from Family. RESULTS It was found that there was a positive and significant relationship between compassionate love and perceived social support from the family and the level of inclination to ethical values, and that the mean scores of compassionate love (β = 0.882) and perceived social support from the family (β = 0.623) explained 89.3% of the change in the level of inclination to ethical values. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that males, freshman students, those with illiterate parents and students who did not take courses on ethics were in the risky group in terms of inclination to ethical values, and that sociodemographic characteristics, compassionate love and perceived social support from the family were the determinants of inclination to ethical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Lok
- Selcuk University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Gülten Uzun
- Selcuk University Health Sciences Institute, Department of Nursing, Konya 42130, Turkey.
| | - Alime Selçuk Tosun
- Selcuk University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Public Health Nursing, Konya, Turkey.
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Lazemi Z, Barkhordari-Sharifabad M. Translation and psychometric evaluation of the persian version of the "Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale". BMC Nurs 2023; 22:24. [PMID: 36698171 PMCID: PMC9875412 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-efficacy demonstrates the general competence of nurses in providing nursing care. Evaluation of nurses' self-efficacy is of particular importance to improve nursing care. The existing self-efficacy scales in Iran are insufficient due to lack of focus on the specific issues of the nursing profession. This study was conducted with the aim of translating and psychometrically evaluating the Persian version of "Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale" (NPSES). MATERIALS AND METHOD This cross-sectional study was conducted in two parts: translation and psychometric evaluation. After getting permission from the original developer of the scale, the process of translating the questionnaire into Persian was done based on the Polit and Yang model. Then, the face validity was explored using a qualitative method with the participation of 10 nurses. The content validity was investigated using a qualitative and quantitative method (content validity index) with the participation of 15 experts. Construct validity was surveyed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis via completing the questionnaire by 550 nurses worked in different wards of hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd/Iran, who were selected using convenience sampling. The reliability of the tool was also established with internal consistency and stability methods, with the participation of 30 nurses. SPSS20 and AMOS were used for data analysis. RESULTS "Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale" includes 19 items for which the translation and cultural compatibility of the Persian version were confirmed. Face validity and content validity (SCVI/Ave = 0.9) were acceptable. By conducting exploratory factor analysis, three factors (professional situation, care situation, and support situation) were identified, which accounted for 62.38% of the variance of the scores. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the values of the fit indices confirmed the appropriate fit of the model. The reliability was established using Cronbach's α method (α = 0.86) and an ICC of 0.83, indicating that the scale was reliable. CONCLUSION The translation, validity, and reliability of the Persian version of "Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale" suggested that this tool has a clear and legitimate translation. Also, this tool has good validity and reliability and can be used as one of the tools to measure the self-efficacy of Iranian nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Lazemi
- grid.466829.70000 0004 0494 3452Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Safaiyeh, 8916871967 Yazd, Iran
| | - Maasoumeh Barkhordari-Sharifabad
- grid.466829.70000 0004 0494 3452Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Safaiyeh, 8916871967 Yazd, Iran
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Sümen A, Ünal A, Teskereci G, Kardaşoğlu S, Aslan K, Irmak MŞ, Aydın E, Aslan HB. The relationship between nursing students' professional attitudes and caring behaviors: A cross-sectional study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1103-1111. [PMID: 34218449 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the relationship between nursing students' professional attitudes and caring behaviors. DESIGN AND METHODS The research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study. The study was conducted with 202 nursing students. The participation rate was 95%. FINDINGS The total Instrument of Professional Attitude for Student Nurses mean score was 106.708 ± 20.24 and the Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 mean score of the nursing students was 5.23 ± 0.88. A positive weak correlation was found between total Instrument of Professional Attitude for Student Nurses scores and sub-dimension scores, and Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 total scores of nursing students (p < .05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The present study has demonstrated that the professional attitudes of students positively affect caring behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Sümen
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aysun Ünal
- Department of Nursing Management, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Teskereci
- Department of Maternity and Gynecological Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Serap Kardaşoğlu
- Department of Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Aslan
- Department of Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şirin Irmak
- Department of Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Aydın
- Department of Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hanım Büşra Aslan
- Department of Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Gherman MA, Arhiri L, Holman AC. Ageism, moral sensitivity and nursing students' intentions to work with older people - A cross-sectional study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 113:105372. [PMID: 35526469 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students' intentions to work with older people are low, despite a worldwide need for gerontological nursing, with ageism being the main culprit. Romania lacks legislation to prevent and combat elder abuse in healthcare, although it is alleged to be rampant among nursing staff. There is also a lack of research on nursing students' ageism toward older people and intentions to work with them. OBJECTIVES Since ageism conflicts with nursing ethics, we expect moral sensitivity to lower ageism and increase intention to work with older people, while also moderating other socio-psychological influences. Because ageism and intention to work with older people are largely predicted by the same variables, we hypothesize that ageism may function as a mediator. Finally, we explore ageism among Romanian nursing students and its predictors in a culturally sensitive manner. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional, descriptive survey study. SETTINGS The study was conducted in Romania. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS 408 nursing students completed online-administered questionnaires measuring intention to work with older people, ageism, moral sensitivity, death and ageing anxiety, knowledge of ageing, attitudes toward own ageing and intergenerational contact. Data were analyzed with Pearson's correlations, regressions with simple slope analyses and bootstrapped mediation analyses. RESULTS Ageism mediated the relationships between students' intentions to work with older people and knowledge of ageing, ageing anxiety, intergenerational contact quality, attitudes toward own ageing and moral sensitivity. Moral sensitivity decreased ageism and increased intention, while moderating the influence of contact quality, death and ageing anxiety, attitudes toward own ageing and knowledge of ageing on ageism. Additionally, it moderated the influence of perceived behavioral control on intention. CONCLUSIONS Integrating moral sensitivity training in the nursing curricula could both decrease ageism in nursing students and increase their intention to work with older people, providing an efficient and low-cost strategy to aid students consider gerontological nursing for career advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela-Alexandra Gherman
- Al.I. Cuza, University of Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Str. Toma Cozma, nr. 3, Iasi 700554, Romania.
| | - Laura Arhiri
- Al.I. Cuza, University of Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Str. Toma Cozma, nr. 3, Iasi 700554, Romania.
| | - Andrei Corneliu Holman
- Al.I. Cuza, University of Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Str. Toma Cozma, nr. 3, Iasi 700554, Romania.
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Köktürk Dalcali B, Erden Melikoğlu S. The Relationship Between Nursing Students' Perceptions of Spirituality and Spiritual Care and their Personal Values. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:1907-1921. [PMID: 34304336 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study involved a descriptive and correlational study to determine how nursing students at one university in Turkey perceive spiritual care. The data were collected through a personal information form, the Spiritual Care-Giving Scale and the Portrait Values Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson's Correlation Analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. There was a correlation between perceptions of personal values and spiritual care. It was observed that the values that predicted perception of spiritual care were the values of hedonism and tradition. Therefore, it is recommended to plan value-based training, especially on subjective concepts such as spiritual care and plan simulation-based training where students can measure the results of their behaviors and reactions in given scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Köktürk Dalcali
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Bandırma, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Seçil Erden Melikoğlu
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Abide-i Hurriyet Street, 34381, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Development and validation of an instrument to measure pediatric nurses' adherence to ethical codes. BMC Med Ethics 2022; 23:14. [PMID: 35216609 PMCID: PMC8881840 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-022-00753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The nature of pediatric settings may encounter nurses with more complicated ethical issues. A code of ethics guides nurses to act and decide ethically as a profession. Also, there is always a need to evaluate amount nurses adhere to this code of ethics, using valid and reliable instruments. This study aimed to develop a questionnaire and assess its psychometric properties to measure pediatric nurses' adherence to the code of ethics.
Methods In this methodological research study, firstly, the questionnaire was developed based on an extensive review of the related literature and the theoretical framework of nursing ethics. A panel of experts (n = 12) reviewed the preliminary questionnaire qualitatively and quantitatively (using CVI and CVR). A conveniently selected sample of 156 nurses working in pediatric wards in three hospitals filled out the questionnaire. The psychometric process included determining sample size and data adequacy using KMO and Bartlette's test of sphericity; exploratory factor analysis (principal component method with Promax rotation); item analysis; and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Also, the Interclass Correlation Index (ICC) value was determined using a two-week interval test–retest method on 30 eligible nurses. Results The CVI and CVR for the entire questionnaire were 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. The CVI and CVR of all items were reported higher than 0.59 and 0.8, respectively. Cronbach's alpha of the 28-items instrument was 0.92. Extracted six factors explained 65.31% of the total variance, and the values of the item correlations with the total questionnaire showed good internal consistency (0.52 to 0.90). The items of each factor were evaluated to determine the values they represent. Accordingly, the factors were named beneficence, nonmaleficence, human dignity, autonomy, informed consent, and honesty. The ICC value was 0.99. Conclusions The developed instrument is acceptable and has good reliability and validity. It can be used to assess the amount of pediatric nurses' adherence to the code of ethics by managers, teachers, and researchers.
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BAKIR H, SU S. The Relationship Between Nurses' Professional Values and Their Attitudes Towards Care Giving Roles: A Structural Equation Model. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1019658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The study was carried out to examine the relationship between nurses' professional values and caregiver roles.
Methods: This study is based on a descriptive correlational research design using a structural equation model. 366 nurses participated in the study. It was gathered using Nurse Promotion Form the Professional Values Scale of Nurses and the Attitude Scale for Their Caregiver Roles.
Results: The total mean score of the Nurses' Professional Values Scale was determined as 94.73±17.87. Nurses' Perceptions of Caregiving Roles Attitude Scale total score mean was determined as 62.41±9.22. According to the Structural Equation model, professional values of nurses explain 39% of the change in the value of the attitude towards caregiver roles (R2 =0.39).
Conclusion: Nurses' professional values and attitudes towards caregiver roles are at a good level and professional values of nurses partially affect the attitude towards caregiver roles.
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Esmhoseini G, Alilu L, Parizad N, Habibzadeh H, Cund A. Nurses' experience regarding professional ethics in Iran: A qualitative study. JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jnms.jnms_59_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Tehranineshat B, Rakhshan M, Torabizadeh C, Fararouei M, Gillespie M. The dignity of burn patients: a qualitative descriptive study of nurses, family caregivers, and patients. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:205. [PMID: 34686167 PMCID: PMC8539828 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00725-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As an ethical principle, showing respect for human dignity is a professional duty of all nurses. The aggressive nature of severe burn injuries makes it hard to respect the existential values and dignity of burn patients. However, only a few studies have been conducted on the preservation of the dignity of burn patients. The purpose of this study is to identify and describe burn patients’ dignity as perceived by nurses, family caregivers, and burn patients. Methods The present study has a descriptive, qualitative research design. Nurses, family caregivers and patients in the biggest burns hospital in the south of Iran were selected via purposeful sampling from October 2017 to August 2018 (n = 25). Data were collected using semi-structured, in-depth, individual interviews. Thereafter, data analysis was performed through conventional content analysis. Results Three main themes were extracted from the information obtained in the interviews: empathic communication, showing respect, and providing comprehensive support. Conclusion The care provided to burn patients should be combined with effective communication, spending time with them, and attending to their repetitive requests, so that they can freely express their feelings and concerns. In addition, the patients’ human values and beliefs should be respected and all aspects of their existence should be taken into account to preserve their dignity. Workshops designed based on the findings of the present study can help with improving the quality of burn nursing care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-021-00725-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Tehranineshat
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Rakhshan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Camellia Torabizadeh
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fararouei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mark Gillespie
- School of Health Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, UK
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Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Wibisono AH, Allen KA, Yaghoobzadeh A, Bit-Lian Y. Exploring the experiences of nurses' moral distress in long-term care of older adults: a phenomenological study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:156. [PMID: 34465316 PMCID: PMC8406037 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Moral distress is a poorly defined and frequently misunderstood phenomenon, and little is known about its triggering factors during ICU end-of-life decisions for nurses in Iran. This study aimed to explore the experiences of nurses’ moral distress in the long-term care of older adults via a phenomenological study. Methods A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted with 9 participants using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The purpose was to gain insight into the lived experiences and perceptions of moral distress among ICU nurses in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences during their long-term care of older adults. Results Five major themes are identified from the interviews: advocating, defense mechanisms, burden of care, relationships, and organizational issues. In addition, several subthemes emerged including respectful end of life care, symptom management, coping, spirituality, futile care, emotional work, powerlessness, relationships between patients and families, relationships with healthcare teams, relationships with institutions, inadequate staffing, inadequate training, preparedness, education/mentoring, workload, and support. Conclusions This qualitative study contributes to the limited knowledge and understanding of the challenges nurses face in the ICU. It also offers possible implications for implementing supportive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Hasyim Wibisono
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Kelly-Ann Allen
- School of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Centre for Wellbeing Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Yee Bit-Lian
- Nursing Division, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kouatly I, Nizam M, Arawi T, Kurdahi Badr L. Moral and Professional Values of Nurses in Lebanon. J Contin Educ Nurs 2021; 52:429-437. [PMID: 34432577 DOI: 10.3928/00220124-20210804-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moral and professional values vary among cultures. The purpose of this study was to explore the moral and professional values of registered nurses at a university medical center in a Middle Eastern country and determine the relationship among formal ethics education, background variables (age, gender, nursing degree, regular daily prayer), and nurses' professional and moral values. METHOD A cross-sectional survey method with 123 nurses was used. Data on background variables, moral and professional values, and confidence in ethical decision-making were assessed. RESULTS Professional values were significantly higher among older nurses and nurses with master's degrees compared with younger nurses and nurses with bachelor's degrees. Daily prayer was related to higher mean scores for moral values. Nurses were confident in their ethical decision-making; however, formal education in ethics did not influence professional or moral values. CONCLUSION Although formal education in ethics did not influence the professional or moral values of nurses in Lebanon, this finding does not negate the need for future studies to investigate the content and duration of ethics education that is likely to affect professional or moral values. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2021;52(9):429-437.].
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Arslan GG, Özden D, Göktuna G, Ertuğrul B. Missed nursing care and its relationship with perceived ethical leadership. Nurs Ethics 2021; 29:35-48. [PMID: 34396804 DOI: 10.1177/09697330211006823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determination of the factors affecting missed nursing care and the impact of ethical leadership is important in improving the quality of care. AIM This study aims to determine the missed nursing care and its relationship with perceived ethical leadership. RESEARCH DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT The sample consisted of 233 nurses, of whom 92.7% were staff nurses and 7.3% were charge nurses, who work in three different hospitals in Turkey. The study data were collected using a personal and professional characteristics data form, the Missed Nursing Care Survey, and the Ethical Leadership Scale. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS The study was approved by the non-interventional ethics committee of Dokuz Eylül University Ethics Committee for Noninvasive Clinical Studies. All participants' written and verbal consents were obtained. FINDINGS The most missed nursing care practices were ambulation, attending interdisciplinary care conferences, and discharge planning. According to the logistic regression analysis, sex, the number of patients that the nurse is in charge of giving care, the number of patients discharged in the last shift, and satisfaction with the team were determined as factors affecting missed care. No significant relationship was found between ethical leadership and missed nursing care (p > 0.05), and a weak but significant relationship was found between the clarification of duties/roles subscale and missed nursing care (r = -0.136, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Ethical leaders should collaborate with policy-makers at an institutional level to particularly achieve teamwork that is effective in the provision of care, to control missed basic nursing care, and to organize working hours and at the country level to determine roles and to increase the workforce. CONCLUSION The results of this study contribute to the international literature on the most common type of missed nursing care, its reasons, and the relationship between the missed care and ethical leadership in a different cultural context.
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Abstract
AIM The aims of the study were to identify professional values among third- and fourth-year baccalaureate nursing students at private and public universities in Jordan and to investigate the demographic variables correlating with professional values. BACKGROUND Educational curricula reinforce professional values among nursing students. METHOD A cross-sectional design was used; the questionnaire included a demographic variable survey and the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3. RESULTS The mean score for the overall value scale was moderate (3.5, SD = 0.4, range 1-5). The caring subscale was the highest (3.9); the professionalism and the activism subscales had the same mean (3.3). Male students, studying in private universities and employed in health care, scored higher (p = .002, .001, and .01, respectively). Study track and age were insignificantly correlated. CONCLUSION The development of professional values is associated positively with practice and employment status; clinical experience improved students' sense of professionalism.
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Najafi F, Cheraghi M, Pashaeipour S, Ghane G. Clarifying the concept of the four-season symphony (I SEA) in nursing practice: A Wilson's approach to concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2021; 56:724-733. [PMID: 33870513 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acquired knowledge provides one with intuitive rationality as a means of achieving a goal. Spiritual, ethical and esthetic competencies are also required for acquiring intuitive rationality. Nurses pay less attention to intuitive rationality, think only with their brain rather than observe with their heart and therefore deprive themselves of proper, immediate and comprehensive cognition of their environment. An initiative to harmonize sensory receptors in charge of thinking, speaking, and acting in nurses is required for establishing a symphonic intellectual, spiritual, ethical, and aesthetic (I SEA) nursing practice. The present research was conducted to clarify the concept of four-season symphony of I SEA in nursing practice. The present study was conducted by employing Wilson's method of concept analysis and searching databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, SID, and Magiran using symphony, rationality, intellectuality, spirituality, ethics, aesthetic, and nursing practice as keywords. According to the integrated concept of the four-season symphony in nursing care, nursing practice refers to performing the symphonic action of four seasons of I SEA in orderly and smart thinking, speaking and acting in looking, listening, speaking, heartfelt sympathy and using the hands for caregiving and steps for accompanying patients. This symphony provides an opportunity for the emergence of perfect nurses of four seasons and helps with individual and organizational symphonic improvements in nursing care and nurses. According to this perspective, nurses should always ask themselves whether their thought, speech, and action are intellectual, spiritual, ethical and aesthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Najafi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamadali Cheraghi
- Department of Critical Care and Nursing Management, Spiritual Health Group, Research Center of Quran, Hadith and Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahzad Pashaeipour
- Department of Community Health Nursing and Elderly, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnar Ghane
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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İlaslan E, Geçkil E, Kol E, Erkul M. Examination of the professional values of the nurses and the associated factors. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:56-65. [PMID: 32415783 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is conducted to examine the professional values of nurses and their personal and professional characteristics affecting these values. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 369 nurses completed a questionnaire on personal information and nursing professional values scale (NPVS-R). FINDINGS The total scores of the nurses on the NPVS-R were found to be 100.87 ± 21.07, and the item mean scores were found to be 3.87 ± 0.81. When the scores for individual scale factors were examined, the highest scores were observed for the "caring" (4.02 ± 0.87) and "activism" (3.90 ± 0.89) factors. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The fact that nurses are aware of their individual values and how these values affect their behavior can be a guide in human-focused value nursing planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine İlaslan
- Internal Medicine Nursing Department, Kumluca Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emine Geçkil
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Emine Kol
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Münevver Erkul
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Poveda-Moral S, Rodríguez-Martín D, Codern-Bové N, José-María P, Sánchez-Valero P, Pomares-Quintana N, Vicente-García M, Falcó-Pegueroles A. Managing ethical aspects of advance directives in emergency care services. Nurs Ethics 2020; 28:91-105. [PMID: 32996375 DOI: 10.1177/0969733020952112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Hospital Emergency Department and Emergency Medical Services professionals experience situations in which they face difficulties or barriers to know patient's advance directives and implement them. OBJECTIVES To analyse the barriers, facilitators, and ethical conflicts perceived by health professionals derived from the management of advance directives in emergency services. RESEARCH DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND CONTEXT This is a qualitative phenomenological study conducted with purposive sampling including a population of nursing and medical professionals linked to Hospital Emergency Department and Emergency Medical Services. Three focus groups were formed, totalling 24 participants. We performed an inductive-type thematic discourse analysis. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS This study was approved by ethical committees of Ethical Commitee of Clínic Hospital (Barcelona) and Comittee of Emergency Medical Services (Barcelona). The participants received information about the purpose of the study. Patients' anonymity and willingness to participate in the study were guaranteed. FINDINGS There were four types of barriers that hindered the proper management of patients' advance directives in Hospital Emergency Department and Emergency Medical Services: personal and professional, family members, organisational and structural, and those derived from the health system. These barriers caused ethical conflicts and hindered professionals' decision-making. DISCUSSION These results are in line with those of previous studies and indicate that factors such as gender, professional category, and years of experience, in addition to professionals' beliefs and the opinions of colleagues and family members, can also influence the professionals' final decisions. CONCLUSION The different strategies described in this study can contribute to the development of health policies and action protocols to help reduce both the barriers that hinder the correct management and implementation of advance directives and the ethical conflicts generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Poveda-Moral
- University of Barcelona, Spain; 212203Escola Universitària d'Infermeria i Teràpia Ocupacional de Terrassa (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Spain; Barcelona College of Nursing, Spain
| | | | - Núria Codern-Bové
- 212203Escola Universitària d'Infermeria i Teràpia Ocupacional de Terrassa (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Spain
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Abbas S, Zakar R, Fischer F. Qualitative study of socio-cultural challenges in the nursing profession in Pakistan. BMC Nurs 2020; 19:20. [PMID: 32308557 PMCID: PMC7147052 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-020-00417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In a patriarchal social system, a women-dominated profession like nursing is mostly seen as a disempowered group due to its stereotypical image and negative connotations. The low social prestige of this profession is based on the roles typically assigned to men and women to maintain gender identity according to their performance and embodiment. The aim of this study was to explore the social and cultural challenges faced by nurses while creating their professional image within the regional context of Lahore (Punjab) in Pakistan. Methods A qualitative research design was chosen to conduct one-to-one, in-depth interviews with twelve nurses. Recruitment was based on purposive sampling from three large public hospitals in Lahore to learn about nurses’ perceptions of social and cultural challenges in the nursing profession. A thematic analysis was conducted using the data analysis software package NVivo 12 Plus. Results Cultural values give preference for female nurses. We have identified four major themes related to the social and cultural challenges facing the nursing profession: 1) gender-segregated profession, 2) inappropriate portrayals by the media, 3) issues around marriage settlement, and 4) identity from a religious perspective. These conflicts are affecting the professional status and changing perceptions of nurses, who either do not choose to remain in the nursing profession or do not recommend nursing as a career option. These ongoing constraints are still perpetuating and increasing shortage of nurses within the Pakistani healthcare system. Conclusion The present study solely highlights nurses’ perspectives on redefining gender roles and gender integration within the nursing profession. It argues that there is a need for positive portrayals in the media for the removal of public misperceptions related to nursing. This would reduce the shortage of nurses along with increasing retention and improving the quality of healthcare delivered to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Abbas
- 1Department of Gender Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rubeena Zakar
- 2Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Florian Fischer
- 3Department of Population Medicine and Health Services Research, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.,4Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany
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Bleda S, Alvarez I, Prat M. The Perceptions of Professional Values among Students at a Spanish Nursing School. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8020074. [PMID: 32225119 PMCID: PMC7348720 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aims to reflect student nurses' perceptions of professional values across the four training years. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study; data were collected using the Nurses' Professional Values Scale-Revised, adapted by Basurto-Hoyuelos. A total of 315 student nurses participated from a Nursing Faculty in Spain representing each of the four academic years. (3) Results: Students' perceptions of professional values were significantly correlated with their academic year. Overall, students' scores were higher in the ethics dimension. The two highest scores were for Maintain patient confidentiality for years 1 and 2 (4.77 and 4.68, respectively) and Safeguard patients' right to privacy for years 3 and 4 (4.95 and 4.98, respectively). Lower scores were observed in the professional expertise dimension across all years, and corresponded to a single item Participate in peer review (3.51, 3.38, 3.98, and 3.26, respectively). (4) Conclusions: This study is relevant as it highlights how nursing students' perceptions of professional values change overtime, even during the four years of their training. The ethics dimension was the most highly regarded across all academic years. However, the professional expertise dimension requires greater attention throughout the degree as students regarded it as less important for their immediate future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bleda
- Nursing Faculty Gimbernat, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (S.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Isabel Alvarez
- Department of Social and Systematic Pedagogy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-58-114-11
| | - Mercè Prat
- Nursing Faculty Gimbernat, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (S.B.); (M.P.)
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Gholamzadeh S, Shayestehfard M, Torabizadeh C, Ebadi A. Ethical Sensitivity in Nursing Students: Developing a Context–based Education. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/7812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Beltran-Aroca CM, Labella F, Font-Ugalde P, Girela-Lopez E. Assessment of Doctors' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Confidentiality in Hospital Care. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2019; 25:1531-1548. [PMID: 30604354 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-018-0078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The physician's duty of confidentiality is based on the observance of the patient's privacy and intimacy and on the importance of respecting both of these rights, thus creating a relationship of confidence and collaboration between doctor and patient. The main objective of this work consists of analyzing the aspects that are related to the confidentiality of patients' data with respect to the training, conduct and opinions of doctors from different Clinical Management Units of a third-level hospital via a questionnaire. The present study aimed to define the problem and determine whether the opinions of these professionals correspond to those observed in a previous work conducted at the same center. Of the 200 questionnaires that were collected, 62.5% were from consultants and the rest were from residents (37.5%) with an average of 14.4 ± 12.5 years in professional practice. The respondents noted habitual situations in which confidentiality was breached in the reference hospital (74%). The section on their attitudes and behaviors towards situations related to confidentiality showed a slightly lower average score than that of their medical knowledge; significant differences in these scores were observed between the consultants and residents as well as between the extreme age groups (≤ 30 vs. ≥ 51 years) and years of professional practice, thus more inadequate attitudes were consistently noted in younger doctors who had fewer years of experience. Finally, the respondents answered that the training of doctors in the aspects of healthcare law and ethics was the most important measure that the hospital could adopt regarding confidentiality practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Beltran-Aroca
- Sección de Medicina Legal y Forense, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Fernando Labella
- Sección de Oftalmología, Departamento de Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Font-Ugalde
- Sección de Bioestadística, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eloy Girela-Lopez
- Sección de Medicina Legal y Forense, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
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Poorchangizi B, Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Mirzaee M, Farokhzadian J. The importance of professional values from nursing students' perspective. BMC Nurs 2019; 18:26. [PMID: 31312111 PMCID: PMC6610983 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-019-0351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Professional values of nursing students may be changed considerably by curricula. This highlights the importance of the integration of professional values into nursing students’ curricula. The present study aimed to investigate the importance of professional values from nursing students’ perspective. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Data were gathered by using a two-section questionnaire consisting of demographic data and Nursing Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R). By using the stratified random sampling method, 100 nursing students were included in the study. Results Results showed that the mean score of the students’ professional values was at high level of importance (101.79 ± 12.42). The most important values identified by the students were “maintaining confidentiality of patients” and “safeguarding patients’ right to privacy”. The values with less importance to the students were “participating in public policy decisions affecting distribution of resources” and “participating in peer review”. The professional value score had a statistically significant relationship with the students’ grade point average (P < 0.05). Conclusions In light of the low importance of some values for nursing students, additional strategies may be necessary to comprehensively institutionalize professional values in nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Poorchangizi
- 1ICU, Shahid Bahonar Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Borhani
- 2Department of Nursing Ethics, Medical Ethics and law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Moghaddameh Mirzaee
- 4Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Jamileh Farokhzadian
- 5Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 7716913555, Kerman, Iran
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Experiences of pre-hospital emergency medical personnel in ethical decision-making: a qualitative study. BMC Med Ethics 2018; 19:95. [PMID: 30567524 PMCID: PMC6299934 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-018-0334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergency care providers regularly deal with ethical dilemmas that must be addressed. In comparison with in-hospital nurses, emergency medical service (EMS) personnel are faced with more problems such as distance to resources including personnel, medico-technical aids, and information; the unpredictable atmosphere at the scene; arriving at the crime scene and providing emergency care for accident victims and patients at home. As a result of stressfulness, unpredictability, and often the life threatening nature of tasks that ambulance professionals have to deal with every day, ethical decision-making (EDM) has become an inevitable challenge. Methods The content analysis approach was used to conduct the present qualitative study in Iran. The participants consisted of 14 EMS personnel selected through purposive sampling, which continued until the data became saturated. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed concurrently with their collection through the constant comparison method. Results The process of data analysis resulted in the emergence of 3 main categories “respecting client’s values”, “performing tasks within the professional manner”, “personal characteristic”, and the emergence of eight (8) sub-categories signifying participants’ experiences with regard to EDM. Conclusion According to the results, when EMS personnel are faced with ethical dilemmas, they consider the client’s values and professional dignity, and perform the assigned tasks within the framework of the regulation. The findings also suggest that pre-hospital care providers assess legal consequences before making any decision. Further studies should be conducted regarding the experiences of the subordinates and other related parties.
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Abbasi S, Ghafari S, Shahriari M, Shahgholian N. Effect of moral empowerment program on moral distress in intensive care unit nurses. Nurs Ethics 2018; 26:1494-1504. [PMID: 29695198 DOI: 10.1177/0969733018766576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moral distress has been experienced by about 67% of critical care nurses which causes many complications such as job dissatisfaction, loss of capacity for caring, and turnover for nurses and poor quality of care for patients as well as health system. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to provide a moral empowerment program to nursing directors, school of nursing, and the heads of hospitals to reduce moral distress in nurses and improve the quality of care. METHODS This research was a randomized clinical trial conducted in two groups and three stages before, after 2 weeks, and 1 month after the intervention in order to evaluate the changes in moral distress of 60 nurses working in adults' intensive care unit wards of Al-Zahra teaching hospital of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using the standard Hamric's Moral Distress Scale (2012) and analyzed using SPSS software version 22. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. RESULTS Results showed that in the three stages, there was no significant difference between the mean score of moral distress before (4.12 ± 2.70), 2 weeks after (4.23 ± 2.70), and 1 month after the intervention (4.04 ± 2.54) in the control group (p > 0.05), while in the experimental group, there was a significant difference between the three stages (p < 0.05). The mean score of moral distress in the experimental group before intervention (4.05 ± 2.26) and 2 weeks after the intervention (3.38 ± 2.11) was not significant (p > 0.05). However, this score significantly decreased 1 month after the intervention (2.64 ± 2.23; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In this research, it was observed that moral empowerment program has been effective in reducing the mean score of moral distress. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing managers and hospital directors implement empowerment program, in order to reduce the moral distress of nurses and improve the quality of care.
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Robaee N, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh F, Ashktorab T, Baghestani A, Barkhordari-Sharifabad M. Perceived organizational support and moral distress among nurses. BMC Nurs 2018; 17:2. [PMID: 29344004 PMCID: PMC5763610 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moral distress is prevalent in the health care environment at different levels. Nurses in all roles and positions are exposed to ethically challenging conditions. Development of supportive climates in organizations may drive nurses towards coping moral distress and other related factors. This study aimed at determining the level of perceived organizational support and moral distress among nurses and investigating the relationship between the two variables. METHODS This was a correlational-descriptive study. A total of 120 nurses were selected using random quota sampling method. A demographic questionnaire, Survey of Perceived Organizational Support, and Moral Distress Scale were used to collect the data which were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests in SPSS20. RESULTS The mean perceived organizational support was low (2.63 ± 0.79). The mean moral distress was 2.19 ± 0.58, which shows a high level of moral distress. Moreover, Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between perceived organizational support and moral distress (r = 0.01, p = 0.86). CONCLUSION Given the low level of perceived organizational support and high moral distress among nurses in this study, it is necessary to provide a supportive environment in hospitals and to consider strategies for diminishing moral distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navideh Robaee
- Student Research Committee of Nursing and Midwifery, International Branch of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foroozan Atashzadeh-Shoorideh
- Department of Nursing Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Vali-Asr Avenue, Cross of Vali-Asr and Hashemi Rafsanjani Highway, Opposite to Rajaee Heart Hospital, Tehran, 1996835119 Iran
| | - Tahereh Ashktorab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Baghestani
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pahlevan Sharif S, Ahadzadeh AS, Sharif Nia H. Mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between organizational support and nurses’ outcomes: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2017; 74:887-899. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hamid Sharif Nia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Amol; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
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Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Moral Competence Scale for Public Health Nurses: A Methodological Study. CLIN NURSE SPEC 2017; 31:E1-E6. [PMID: 28991021 DOI: 10.1097/nur.0000000000000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moral competencies must be improved in nursing area practice. To evaluate the moral competence seems necessary for nurses. AIM The aims of this study are to adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the moral competence questionnaire for public health nurses in Turkey. METHOD The moral competence scale was translated into Turkish by a skilled translator, after which it was back-translated into English by another translator. We then administered the Turkish version of the moral competence scale to 138 public health nurses working in family and public health centers in Erzurum, a city in eastern Turkey. We analyzed the data using factor analysis and Cronbach's α. RESULTS Three factors were extracted, which together explained a total of 67.50% of the variance. The Cronbach's α values were .83, .91, .87, and .88 for factors 1, 2, and 3 and for the whole scale, respectively. CONCLUSION The Turkish version of the moral competence scale for public health nurses is a valid and reliable assessment tool.
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Beykmirza R, Nikfarid L, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh F, Nasiri M. Nursing adherence to ethical codes in pediatric oncology wards. Nurs Ethics 2017; 26:924-936. [PMID: 28933226 DOI: 10.1177/0969733017730683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of children's cancer comes with lots of ethical issues. Nurses are encouraged to adhere to ethical codes in their practice. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the perspectives of nurses and mothers of children with cancer regarding the adherence of nurses to ethical codes. RESEARCH DESIGN In this descriptive-comparative study, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to assess the amount of adherence to Iranian nurses' code of ethics in perspectives of pediatric oncology nurses and mothers. As a convention, the total scores were categorized as optimal, average, and low adherence. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTEXT A total of 200 mothers and 60 nurses in pediatric oncology wards of five major hospitals in Tehran, Iran, participated in 2016. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Organizational approval by the university and informed consent were ensured before conducting the research. The principles of voluntariness, confidentiality, and anonymity were respected during the research process. FINDINGS Results showed the mean score of the adherence to ethical codes by nurses, as per the nurses is 86.71 (12.57) and as per the mothers is 78.67 (16.09). The highest frequency for "Low adherence" and "Optimal adherence" to code of ethics by nurses were "Respect for individual autonomy and decision-making" (mothers, 72% and nurses, 70%) and "Commitment to confidentiality" (mothers, 64% and nurses, 74%), respectively. This revealed a significant difference between the responses of the nurses and the mothers (p = 0.001). DISCUSSION The results support the other studies in Iran about the difference between the perspectives of patients and nurses about adherence of nurses to ethical codes. CONCLUSION Integration of family-centered and conventional care in addition to more attention to the education of professional ethical principles could be helpful to improve the ethical performance of nurses in oncology pediatric wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Beykmirza
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Lida Nikfarid
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | - Maliheh Nasiri
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Bidabadi FS, Yazdannik A, Zargham-Boroujeni A. Patient's dignity in intensive care unit: A critical ethnography. Nurs Ethics 2017; 26:738-752. [PMID: 28835156 DOI: 10.1177/0969733017720826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining patient's dignity in intensive care units is difficult because of the unique conditions of both critically-ill patients and intensive care units. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to uncover the cultural factors that impeded maintaining patients' dignity in the cardiac surgery intensive care unit. RESEARCH DESIGN The study was conducted using a critical ethnographic method proposed by Carspecken. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT Participants included all physicians, nurses and staffs working in the study setting (two cardiac surgery intensive care units). Data collection methods included participant observations, formal and informal interviews, and documents assessment. In total, 200 hours of observation and 30 interviews were performed. Data were analyzed to uncover tacit cultural knowledge and to help healthcare providers to reconstruct the culture of their workplace. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION Ethical approval for the study from Ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences was obtained. FINDINGS The findings of the study fell into the following main themes: "Presence: the guarantee for giving enough attention to patients' self-esteem", "Instrumental and objectified attitudes", "Adherence to the human equality principle: value-action gap", "Paternalistic conduct", "Improper language", and "Non-interactive communication". The final assertion was "Reductionism as a major barrier to the maintaining of patient's dignity". DISCUSSION The prevailing atmosphere in subculture of the CSICU was reductionism and paternalism. This key finding is part of the biomedical discourse. As a matter of fact, it is in contrast with dignified care because the latter necessitate holistic attitudes and approaches. CONCLUSION Changing an ICU culture is not easy; but through increasing awareness and critical self-reflections, the nurses, physicians and other healthcare providers, may be able to reaffirm dignified care and cure in their therapeutic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farimah Shirani Bidabadi
- Student Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zargham-Boroujeni
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
AIM The aim of this concept analysis is to clarify the meaning of professional nursing values. BACKGROUND In a time of increasing ethical dilemmas, it is essential that nurses internalize professional values to develop and maintain a professional identity. However, nursing organizations and researchers provide different conceptions of professional nursing values, leading to a lack of clarity as to the meaning and attributes of this construct. DESIGN Walker and Avant's (2011) method was used to guide an analysis of this concept. DATA SOURCE Resources published from 1973 to 2016 were identified via electronic databases and hand-searching of reference lists. REVIEW METHODS A review of the literature was completed and the data were analyzed to identify uses of the concept; the defining attributes of the concept; borderline, related, contrary, and illegitimate examples; antecedents and consequences; and empirical referents. RESULTS Professional nursing values were defined as important professional nursing principles of human dignity, integrity, altruism, and justice that serve as a framework for standards, professional practice, and evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed in the development and testing of professional nursing values theory, and the reassessment of values instruments. Core professional values that are articulated may help unify the profession and demonstrate the value of nursing to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie J Schmidt
- Oshkosh College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, WI
| | - Erin C McArthur
- Oshkosh College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, WI
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Barkhordari-Sharifabad M, Ashktorab T, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh F. Exploration of pioneering as a major element of ethical leadership in nursing: A qualitative study. Electron Physician 2017; 9:4737-4745. [PMID: 28894529 PMCID: PMC5586987 DOI: 10.19082/4737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commitment to ethical behavior is considered as an essential part of occupational responsibilities of nursing, and leaders' pioneering in ethical growth and development has led to the emergence of the concept of ethical leadership. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explain the nursing leaders' perception and experiences of pioneering in the field of ethical leadership. METHODS In this qualitative study, data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews. A total of 14 nursing leaders at different levels who were selected by purposeful sampling method participated in the study. Latent content analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Of 14 participants of the study, 8 were male and 6 were female aged 38 to 56 years old with a mean managerial experience of 12 years. In the analysis of interviews, 4 subcategories of "Role Modeling", "Empowerment", "Knowledge and Skill", and "Recognition" were obtained which formed two main categories. These categories included "Leader as mentor" and "Professional insight". CONCLUSION Pioneering leaders are an important part of ethical leadership, and nursing leaders should not only be moral people, but also go a step further and actively promote moral behavior with a role as a mentor and model as well as having professional insight. Nursing leaders with a better understanding of these aspects can develop their capacity of strong ethical leadership and consider the aspects in their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Ashktorab
- Ph.D. in Nursing, Professor, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foroozan Atashzadeh-Shoorideh
- Ph.D. in Nursing, Associate Professor, Department of Nursing Management, Nursing & Midwifery School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Boozaripour M, Abbaszadeh A, Shahriari M, Borhani F. Ethical values in nurse education perceived by students and educators. Nurs Ethics 2017; 25:253-263. [PMID: 28587502 DOI: 10.1177/0969733017707009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Education is considered the first function and mission of the university, and observing educational ethics guarantees the health of the teaching-learning process in the university. AIM The aim of this study was to explore ethical values in nursing education from the perspective of Iranian nursing students and educators. RESEARCH DESIGN This qualitative study was conducted using the Thematic Content Analyses method. The data were collected from seven semi-structured individual interviews and three focus group discussions from July to November 2015. Participants and research context: The participants were faculty educators of nursing and nursing students in Tehran, capital of Iran, who were selected through purposive sampling. They were recruited gradually. Sampling was continued until data saturation when no new codes were extracted. Ethical committee: This study was conducted after obtaining the approval of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee, and informed consent were ensured before conducting the research. The principles of voluntariness, confidentiality, and anonymity were respected during the research process. FINDINGS Seven major themes emerged: human dignity, constructive human relations, educational justice, competency enhancement, excellence view, wisdom, and commitment and accountability. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated that although many of the values, as universal values, were similar to those of other countries-which can be a reflection of the globalization process in the nursing profession and the presence of humanistic and spiritual approaches at the roots of the discipline, some differences could be found in the content of values due to factors such as the people's beliefs, culture, and religion. Iranian nursing students and educators revealed a unique and culture-based set of ethical values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abbas Abbaszadeh
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Poorchangizi B, Farokhzadian J, Abbaszadeh A, Mirzaee M, Borhani F. The importance of professional values from clinical nurses' perspective in hospitals of a medical university in Iran. BMC Med Ethics 2017; 18:20. [PMID: 28249603 PMCID: PMC5333397 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-017-0178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Today, nurses are required to have knowledge and awareness concerning professional values as standards to provide safe and high-quality ethical care. Nurses’ perspective on professional values affects decision-making and patient care. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the importance of professional values from clinical nurses’ perspective. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 in four educational hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Data were collected via the Persian version of Nursing Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R) by Weis and Schank. Sampling was conducted through the use of stratified random sampling method and 250 clinical nurses participated in the study. Results Results indicated that the total score of the nurses’ professional values was high. (102.57 ± 11.94). From nurses’ perspective items such as “Maintaining confidentiality of patients” and “Safeguarding patients’ right to privacy” had more importance; however, “Recognizing role of professional nursing associations in shaping healthcare policy” and “Participating in nursing research and/or implementing research findings appropriate to practice had less importance. A statistically significant relationship was observed between NPVS-R mean scores and nurses’ age, work experience as well as participation in professional ethical training (P < 0.05). Conclusions Although the total score related to the clinical nurses’ perspective on professional values was high, the importance of certain values was at a lower level. Owing to the emerging ethical challenges, it is indispensable to design educational programs in order to improve nurses’ awareness and understanding of the comprehensive importance of professional values. Furthermore, it is recommended that mixed methods studies should be conducted in order to design an instrument to evaluate the use of values in nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Poorchangizi
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Jamileh Farokhzadian
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 7716913555, Haft-bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Abbas Abbaszadeh
- Department of Nursing, Nursing & Midwifery School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moghaddameh Mirzaee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Borhani
- Department of Nursing Ethics, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Niyayesh Complex, Niyayesh Cross-Section, Vali Asr St, PO Box: 1985717443, Tehran, Iran.
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Schmidt BJ, MacWilliams BR, Neal-Boylan L. Becoming Inclusive: A Code of Conduct for Inclusion and Diversity. J Prof Nurs 2017; 33:102-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Esmaelzadeh F, Abbaszadeh A, Borhani F, Peyrovi H. Ethical Sensitivity in Nursing Ethical Leadership: A Content Analysis of Iranian Nurses Experiences. Open Nurs J 2017; 11:1-13. [PMID: 28584564 PMCID: PMC5441148 DOI: 10.2174/1874434601711010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Considering that many nursing actions affect other people’s health and life, sensitivity to ethics in nursing practice is highly important to ethical leaders as a role model. Objective: The study aims to explore ethical sensitivity in ethical nursing leaders in Iran. Method: This was a qualitative study based on the conventional content analysis in 2015. Data were collected using deep and semi-structured interviews with 20 Iranian nurses. The participants were chosen using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. In order to increase the accuracy and integrity of the data, Lincoln and Guba's criteria were considered. Results: Fourteen sub-categories and five main categories emerged. Main categories consisted of sensitivity to care, sensitivity to errors, sensitivity to communication, sensitivity in decision making and sensitivity to ethical practice. Conclusion: Ethical sensitivity appears to be a valuable attribute for ethical nurse leaders, having an important effect on various aspects of professional practice and help the development of ethics in nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Esmaelzadeh
- Nursing Research Center, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Abbaszadeh
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Borhani
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Peyrovi
- Nursing Care Research Center, Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Soleimani MA, Sharif SP, Yaghoobzadeh A, Panarello B. Psychometric evaluation of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised among Iranian Nurses. Nurs Ethics 2016; 26:1226-1242. [DOI: 10.1177/0969733016651129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Experiencing moral distress is traumatic for nurses. Ignoring moral distress can lead to job dissatisfaction, improper handling in the care of patients, or even leaving the job. Thus, it is crucial to use valid and reliable instruments to measure moral distress. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and the validity of the Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised among a sample of Iranian nurses. Research design: In this methodological study, 310 nurses were recruited from all hospitals affiliated with the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences from February 2014 to April 2015. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Moral Distress Scale–Revised. The construct validity of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised was evaluated using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Regional Committee of Medical Research Ethics. The ethical principles of voluntary participation, anonymity, and confidentiality were considered. Findings: The construct validity of the scale showed four factors with eigenvalues greater than one. The model had a good fit ( χ2(162) = 307.561, χ2/ df = 1.899, goodness-of-fit index = .904, comparative fit index = .927, incremental fit index = .929, and root mean square error of approximation (90% confidence interval) = .049 (.040–.057)) with all factor loadings greater than .5 and statistically significant. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were .853, .686, .685, and .711for the four factors. Moreover, the model structure was invariant across different income groups. Discussion and conclusion: The Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised demonstrated suitable validity and reliability among nurses. The factor analysis also revealed that the Moral Distress Scale–Revised has a multidimensional structure. Regarding the proper psychometric characteristics, the validated scale can be used to further research about moral distress in this population.
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Barkhordari-Sharifabad M, Ashktorab T, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh F. Ethical competency of nurse leaders: A qualitative study. Nurs Ethics 2016; 25:20-36. [DOI: 10.1177/0969733016652125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Ethics play an important role in activating the manpower and achieving the organizational goals. The nurse leaders’ ethical behavior can promote the care quality by affecting the nurses’ performance and bringing up several positive consequences for the organization. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and describe the ethical competency of nurse leaders in cultural domains and the working conditions of the Iranian healthcare setting to arrive at a more comprehensive and specific perspective. Methods: This was a qualitative conventional content analysis study conducted with the participation of 14 nurse leaders at various levels. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method, and the required data were collected using deep interview and also semi-structured interview. A deductive method of content analysis was applied in data analysis. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted in accord with the principles of research ethics and national rules and regulations relating to informed consent and confidentiality. Findings: Data analysis resulted in 17 subcategories that were subsequently grouped into three major categories including empathetic interactions, ethical behavior, and exalted manners. Discussion: Our findings are consistent with previous ones, yet presenting a more complete knowledge about aspects of ethical competency of nurse leaders. The nurse leaders can provide a proper behavioral model for the work environment through the use of new information. Conclusion: The nurse leaders introduced various aspects of ethical competency, so the leaders’ ethical competency could be promoted via planning and managing some ethical development programs. More future research is needed regarding the experiences of the subordinates and other related parties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maasoumeh Barkhordari-Sharifabad
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sheikhi MR, Fallahi-Khoshnab M, Mohammadi F, Oskouie F. Skills Required for Nursing Career Advancement: A Qualitative Study. Nurs Midwifery Stud 2016; 5:e30777. [PMID: 27556054 PMCID: PMC4993070 DOI: 10.17795/nmsjournal30777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nurses require certain skills for progression in their field. Identifying these skills can provide the context for nursing career advancement. Objectives This study aimed to identify the skills needed for nurses’ career advancement. Materials and Methods A qualitative approach using content analysis was adopted to study a purposive sample of eighteen nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated with the Qazvin, Shahid Beheshti, and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results The three themes extracted from the data included interpersonal capabilities, competency for career success, and personal capacities. The results showed that acquiring a variety of skills is essential for career advancement. Conclusions The findings showed that personal, interpersonal, and functional skills can facilitate nurses’ career advancement. The effects of these skills on career advancement depend on a variety of conditions that require further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Sheikhi
- Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Masoud Fallahi-Khoshnab
- Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Farahnaz Mohammadi
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center and Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oskouie
- Center for Nursing Care Research and School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Ulusoy H, Güler G, Yıldırım G, Demir E. Reliability and validity of the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire in Turkish. Nurs Ethics 2016; 25:80-91. [PMID: 27056039 DOI: 10.1177/0969733016642626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing professional values among nursing students is important because values are a significant predictor of the quality care that will be provided, the clients' recognition, and consequently the nurses' job satisfaction. The literature analysis showed that there is only one validated tool available in Turkish that examines both the personal and the professional values of nursing students. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire in Turkish. DESIGN OF THE STUDY This study was a Turkish linguistic and cultural adaptation of a research tool. Participants and research context: The sample of this study consisted of 627 undergraduate nursing students from different geographical areas of Turkey. Two questionnaires were used for data collection: a socio-demographic form and the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire. For the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire, construct validity was examined using factor analyses. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine Research Ethics Board. Students were informed that participation in the study was entirely voluntary and anonymous. RESULTS Item content validity index ranged from 0.66 to 1.0, and the total content validity index was 0.94. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling was 0.870, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was statistically significant (x2 = 3108.714, p < 0.001). Construct validity was examined using factor analyses and the six factors were identified. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency reliability and the value of 0.834 was obtained. CONCLUSION Our analyses showed that the Turkish version of Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire has high validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Ulusoy
- University of Cumhuriyet, Turkey.,University of Cumhuriyet, Turkey
| | - Güngör Güler
- University of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman, Turkey.,University of Cumhuriyet, Turkey
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López-Pereira A, Arango-Bayer G. Professional values of nurse lecturers at three universities in Colombia. Nurs Ethics 2015; 24:198-208. [DOI: 10.1177/0969733015584400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the professional values of the nurse lectures according to 241 nursing students, who participated voluntarily, in three different universities of Bogotá. Methodology: This is a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study that applied the Nurses Professional Values Scale—permission secured—Spanish; three dimensions of values were applied: ethics, commitment, and professional knowledge. Ethical consideration: Project had ethical review and approval from an ethics committee and participants were given information sheets to read before they agreed to participate in the project. Findings: It was concluded that nursing students, in general, do perceive these values in their professors, and they give priority to the dimension of ethics, followed by the knowledge dimension, and finally, commitment. Discussion: It is evident that professional values are transmitted by professors and students place importance to such values. Values related to the other’s care are paramount in nursing training in Colombia as well as in other countries. Conclusion: It was found that participating students observed professors directly in relation to values focused on direct patient care, respect for privacy, respect for life, while matters related to professional improvement, participation in unions were not actually analyzed may be due to poor promotion activities and unions during undergraduate studies. The results obtained are primary approach to the study of values related to nursing, a topic which needs to be researched, something vital to all the country offering nursing training programs.
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Gheibizadeh M, Abedi HA, Mohammadi E, Abedi P. Iranian women and care providers' perceptions of equitable prenatal care: A qualitative study. Nurs Ethics 2015; 23:465-77. [PMID: 25802210 DOI: 10.1177/0969733015573653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equity as a basic human right builds the foundation of all areas of primary healthcare, especially prenatal care. However, it is unclear how pregnant women and their care providers perceive the equitable prenatal care. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore Iranian women's and care providers' perceptions of equitable prenatal care. RESEARCH DESIGN In this study, a qualitative approach was used. Individual in-depth unstructured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of pregnant women and their care providers. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis method. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT A total of 10 pregnant women and 10 prenatal care providers recruited from six urban health centers across Ahvaz, a south western city in Iran, were participated in the study. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS The study was approved by the Ethics Committee affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The ethical principles of voluntary participation, confidentiality, and anonymity were considered. FINDINGS Analysis of participants' interviews resulted in seven themes: guideline-based care, time-saving care, nondiscriminatory care, privacy-respecting care, affordable comprehensive care, effective client-provider relationships, and caregivers' competency. CONCLUSION The findings explain the broader and less discussed dimensions of equitable care that are valuable information for the realization of equity in care. Understanding and focusing on these dimensions will help health policy-makers in designing more equitable healthcare services for pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Parvin Abedi
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Lin YH, Li J, Shieh SI, Kao CC, Lee I, Hung SL. Comparison of professional values between nursing students in Taiwan and China. Nurs Ethics 2014; 23:223-30. [PMID: 25527355 DOI: 10.1177/0969733014561912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People in both Taiwan and China originally descended from the Han Chinese, but the societies have been separated for approximately 38 years. Due to different political systems, variations exist in healthcare and nursing education systems in Taiwan and China. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the professional values of nursing students in Taiwan and China. DESIGN A cross-sectional design was applied in this study. The Nursing Professional Value Scale-Revised was used to measure the professional values of the students. The questionnaire was distributed to eligible undergraduate students in a classroom setting. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the first investigator's university. Participants were informed that completion and return of the questionnaire was voluntary, and confidentiality was ensured by keeping the responses anonymous. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample included 292 Taiwanese students and 654 Chinese students. FINDINGS A total of 11 individual Nursing Professional Value Scale-Revised items showed significant differences between the two groups. These results reflect the differences in the perceived importance of these items between the groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the mean overall scores for the Nursing Professional Value Scale-Revised (p = .766) and three subscales (all p > .05). CONCLUSION There are some differences in professional values between nursing students in Taiwan and China. Given the increasingly frequent and close interactions between Taiwan and China and the globalization of nursing, understanding these differences may help nursing educators identify students' perceptions of their professional values and support the development of strategies to improve weaknesses in professional values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Li
- Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China
| | | | - Chia-Chan Kao
- I-Shou University, TaiwanHuazhong University of Science & Technology, ChinaShu-Te University, TaiwanI-Shou University, TaiwanNational Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Taiwan
| | - I Lee
- I-Shou University, Taiwan
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Hsieh SI, Hsu LL. An outcome-based evaluation of nursing competency of baccalaureate senior nursing students in Taiwan. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2013; 33:1536-1545. [PMID: 23428366 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Limited literature is available for demographic and learning factors related to performance of baccalaureate nursing students. The study aimed at examining mean differences in nursing competency between the first week and the sixth week of a nursing clinical practicum as well as evaluating mean differences in nursing competency by demographic and learning factors at the sixth week of a nursing clinical practicum controlling for baseline scores of nursing competency. A comparative study design was conducted using the competency inventory for baccalaureate senior nursing students based on learning outcomes. Participants were surveyed at the first week and the sixth week of a nursing practicum with 95% mean response rate. Paired t test was used to compare within-subjects differences in mean nursing competency. ANCOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were conducted to compare between-subjects differences in mean nursing competency. There are significant mean differences in nursing competency in general clinical skills, lifelong learning, clinical biomedical science, caring, and critical thinking and reasoning between the 1st week and the 6th week of nursing practicum. Likewise, type of nursing program, prior schooling, type of nursing license, interest in nursing, and extracurricular activity experience were significantly related to mean total nursing competency. Similarly, demographic attributes (location of school, type of nursing program, prior schooling, type of nursing license, a family member working as a medical practitioner or a nurse, interest in nursing, attributes of preferred workplace after college) and learning factors (extracurricular activity experience, played an active role in classroom discussions and asked questions, academic class rank, and English grade, clinical biomedical science, nursing science, and nursing practicum) were significantly related to six-subscale scores of nursing competency. There are mean differences in nursing competency across several demographic and learning factors. These factors should be given greater emphasis by nurse educators in planning the academic and clinical phases of professional education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suh-Ing Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
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Torabizadeh C, Ebrahimi H, Mohammadi E, Valizadeh S. Incongruent Perceptions Among Nurses and Patients: A Qualitative Study of Patient's Dignity in Iran. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2013.793162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Manookian A, Cheraghi MA, Nasrabadi AN. Factors influencing patients' dignity: A qualitative study. Nurs Ethics 2013; 21:323-34. [PMID: 24077096 DOI: 10.1177/0969733013498526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dignity represents the essence of nursing care; hence, nurses are professionally responsible for promoting understanding about the promotion, provision, and preservation of every patient's dignity, while considering contextual differences. The aim of this study was to explore the factors that influence, promote, or compromise patient dignity. A purposeful sample of 14 participants with hospitalization experience was chosen, and individual in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted for data collection. Using inductive content analysis, the themes and subthemes related to factors influencing patients' dignity were explored: "persona" ("personal beliefs" and "personal characteristics"), "communication behaviors" ("verbal interaction," "body language," "compassionate behavior," and "devoting enough time"), and "staff conduct" ("professional commitment," "adequate human resources," and "staff's proficiency and competency"). The findings revealed that it is essential to expand nurses' insights and knowledge about preserving patients' dignity and the factors that influence these. Recognizing and focusing on these factors will help nurses to establish practical measures for preserving and promoting patients' dignity and providing more dignified care at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpi Manookian
- International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Ravari A, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Ebadi A, Mirzaei T, Oshvandi K. Work values and job satisfaction. Nurs Ethics 2012; 20:448-58. [DOI: 10.1177/0969733012458606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the effect of nursing profession work-related values on job satisfaction among a sample of Iranian nurses. We used in-depth interviews with 30 nurses who worked in university-affiliated and public hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The results of thematic analysis of interviews are reported in four themes to present the participants’ articulations in linking their work-related values to job satisfaction. The themes consist of values that “encourage tolerance,” “enhance inner harmony,” “reflect traditional commitment,” “enhance unity,” and are “centered around altruism and spiritual values.” The most satisfied participants considered nursing a divine profession and a tool by which they could gain spiritual pleasure and satisfaction. Our findings highlight the potential role of nursing work-related values in reducing dissatisfaction with one’s job. For the nursing profession, this may have implications in reducing job instability and turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ravari
- Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
- Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Sciences, USA; University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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