Study of Neurocognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using P300 Event-Related Potential

Evaluation of Event-Related Potentials in Somatic Diseases - Systematic Review

Many somatic illnesses (e.g. hypertension, diabetes, pulmonary and cardiac diseases, hepatitis C, kidney and heart failure, HIV infection, Sjogren's disease) may impact central nervous system functions resulting in emotional, sensory, cognitive or even personality impairments. Event-related potential (ERP) methodology allows for monitoring neurocognitive processes and thus can provide a valuable window into these cognitive processes that are influenced, or brought about, by somatic disorders. The current review aims to present published studies on the relationships between somatic illness and brain function as assessed with ERP methodology, with the goal to discuss where this field of study is right now and suggest future directions.

Impact of Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction on Cognitive Event-Related Potential in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic condition that is responsible for various long-term complications. Cognitive impairment is one of the most common complications, but the underlying mechanisms are still undetermined. The autonomic imbalance is a major cause for CVS morbidity in T2DM which could also potentially affect cognition. But there is sparse data available in the literature to prove the association between autonomic dysfunction and cognitive impairment.

Methodology

We recruited 40 T2DM patients and 40 healthy controls. The assessment of cognitive functions was done by cognitive P300 event-related potential (ERP) and MoCA. Heart rate variability (HRV) was done to assess autonomic function.

Results

The P300 ERP latency in Fz, Cz and Pz sites was significantly prolonged in T2DM patients (P < 0.001). We found moderate correlation is present between P300 latency and total power (r = -0.466, P < 0.01) and LFnu (r = -0.423, P < 0.01) in T2DM patients. The total power and HbA1C show independent association with P300 latency after adjustment for confounding factors like age and duration of diabetes (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

As the incidence of Alzheimer's disease is rising among T2DM patients increasing their dependency, making necessary lifestyle measures at earliest to improve autonomic balance may prevent or delay the onset of cognitive decline and alleviate its consequences and improve the quality of life in T2DM patients.

Association between P300 parameters and cognitive function in people with diabetic neuropathy

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between event-related potential (ERP) P300 with cognitive function in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 19 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, aged 18 and older with DPN. The participants were assessed for neuropathy, cognitive function, & dual-task performance. DPN was examined via the administration of diabetic neuropathy symptom score (DNSS) and vibration perception threshold (VPT). Cognitive dysfunction was evaluated using Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), trail making test-B (TMT-B), and ERP P300 wave latency & amplitude. For assessing dual-task performance, the dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated using the timed-up and go (TUG) test and TUG with dual task (TUG-DT).

Results

P300 latency was linearly related to TMT-B (R = 0.31, p = 0.01) and DTC (R = 0.22, p = 0.04). A similar trend was observed in TMT-B (R = 0.13, p = 0.04) & DTC (R =0 .67, p = 0.001) with respect to P300 amplitude. MMSE did not relate with P300 latency (R = 0.14, p = 0.58) & amplitude (R = 0.63, p = .44).

Conclusion

P300 latency and amplitude are associated with cognitive function and DTC of individuals with DPN.