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Osei GY, Adu-Amankwaah J, Koomson S, Beletaa S, Asiamah EA, Smith-Togobo C, Razak SRA. MicroRNAs and colorectal cancer: clinical potential and regulatory networks. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9575-9585. [PMID: 37776413 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08810-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious global health concern, with a high incidence and mortality rate. Although there have been advancements in the early detection and treatment of CRC, therapy resistance is common. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of small non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression, are key players in the initiation and progression of CRC. Recently, there has been growing attention to the complex interplay of miRNAs in cancer development. miRNAs are powerful RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and have been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including carcinogenesis. By identifying current challenges and limitations of treatment strategies and suggesting future research directions, this review aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance CRC diagnosis and treatment. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the role miRNAs play in CRC carcinogenesis and explores the potential of miRNA-based therapies as a treatment option. Importantly, this review highlights the exciting potential of targeted modulation of miRNA function as a therapeutic approach for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Yiadom Osei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Selina Koomson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Solomon Beletaa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Akomanin Asiamah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit (CIDERU), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Cecilia Smith-Togobo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Siti Razila Abdul Razak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia.
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Mohammed OA. From strings to signals: Unraveling the impact of miRNAs on diagnosis, and progression of colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154857. [PMID: 37804545 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the third most prevalent ailment globally and represents the primary cause of mortality associated with cancer. Significant advancements have been made in the clinical management of patients with CRC, encompassing the development of more streamlined methodologies and a diverse array of biomarkers utilized for prognostic, diagnostic, and predictive objectives. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) play a key role in the development of CRC by modulating the expression of their target genes, which govern a number of metabolic and cellular processes. They are related to malignant traits such as enhanced invasive and proliferative capacity, evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle aberration, and promotion of angiogenesis through dysregulation in their function. This review's objectives were to examine miRNA biogenesis, provide an updated list of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs, and discuss the likely causes of miRNA dysregulation in CRC. Additionally, we discuss the diagnostic and predictive functions of miRNAs in CRC and summarize their biological significance and clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
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McCabe A, Zaheed O, Derlipanska M, Merrin G, Dean K. The copious capabilities of non-coding RNAs in cancer regulation, diagnosis and treatment. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2023; 37:100768. [PMID: 37852123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Globally, cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality, accounting for 10 million deaths per year. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play integral and diverse roles in cancer, possessing the ability to both promote oncogenesis and impede tumor formation. This review discusses the various roles of microRNAs, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs, long non-coding RNAs and lncRNA-derived microproteins in cancer progression and prevention. We highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of these ncRNAs, with a particular focus on detection in liquid biopsies and targeting of ncRNAs with small inhibitory molecules. Ultimately, the biological functions of cancer-associated ncRNAs, as well as the development of ncRNA-based technologies, are compelling areas for further research, holding the possibility of revolutionizing cancer treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aideen McCabe
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland; The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Ireland
| | - Oza Zaheed
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland; The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Ireland
| | - Magdalina Derlipanska
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - George Merrin
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Kellie Dean
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland.
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4
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Breast Cancer Exosomal microRNAs Facilitate Pre-Metastatic Niche Formation in the Bone: A Mathematical Model. Bull Math Biol 2023; 85:12. [PMID: 36607440 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-022-01117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pre-metastatic niche is a location where cancer cells, separating from a primary tumor, find "fertile soil" for growth and proliferation, ensuring successful metastasis. Exosomal miRNAs of breast cancer are known to enter the bone and degrade it, which facilitates cancer cells invasion into the bone interior and ensures its successful colonization. In this paper, we use a mathematical model to first describe, in health, the continuous remodeling of the bone by bone-forming osteoblasts, bone-resorbing osteoclasts and the RANKL-OPG-RANK signaling system, which keeps the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. We next demonstrate how breast cancer exosomal miRNAs disrupt this balance, either by increasing or by decreasing the ratio of osteoclasts/osteoblasts, which results in abnormal high bone resorption or abnormal high bone forming, respectively, and in bone weakening in both cases. Finally we consider the case of abnormally high resorption and evaluate the effect of drugs, which may increase bone density to normal level, thus protecting the bone from invasion by cancer cells.
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Gholami M, Zoughi M, Larijani B, Abdollahzadeh R, Taslimi R, Rahmani Z, Kazemeini A, Behboo R, Razi F, Bastami M, Hasani‐Ranjbar S, Amoli MM. The role of inflammatory miRNA-mRNA interactions in PBMCs of colorectal cancer and obesity patients. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e702. [PMID: 36301024 PMCID: PMC9609448 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation is a critical hallmark in obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate effective microRNA (miRNA)–messenger RNA (mRNA) interactions on inflammatory networks involved in obesity and CRC. Methods The literature searches were applied to identify genes expression reported on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and/or blood of CRC subjects and to find inflammatory miRNA in blood samples. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was utilized to find inflammatory miRNA:mRNA interactions of the genes. Finally, a case‐control study was set to investigate the expression of LAMC1 and GNB3 genes besides miR‐10b, miR‐506‐3p, miR‐150‐5p, and miR‐124‐3p in CRC and control subjects. Results The expression of LAMC1 gene in healthy control groups was associated with body mass index (BMI) (p < .05). The level of miR‐10b (p < .001), miR‐506 (p < .001), and miR‐124 (p <. 001) were significantly increased in PBMCs of CRC patients, while they were not associated with BMI. The level of miR‐150 was associated with BMI in healthy subjects (p < .05). Conclusions The changes in the level of miR‐506 and miR‐124 in CRC patients may be associated with the regulatory role of these miRNAs on LAMC1 expression. The LAMC1 may be related to BMI, however, more observational studies on other populations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Gholami
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular‐Cellular Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Marziyeh Zoughi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular‐Cellular Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Rasoul Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Reza Taslimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zeinab Rahmani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Kazemeini
- Department of General Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Roobic Behboo
- Hazrate Rasoole Akram HospitalIran University of Medical ScienceTehranIran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular‐Cellular sciences instituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Shirin Hasani‐Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahsa M. Amoli
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular‐Cellular Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Wang L, Qiao C, Cao L, Cai S, Ma X, Song X, Jiang Q, Huang C, Wang J. Significance of HOXD transcription factors family in progression, migration and angiogenesis of cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 179:103809. [PMID: 36108961 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors (TFs) of the HOX family play significant roles during early embryonic development and cellular processes. They also play a key role in tumorigenesis as tumor oncogenes or suppressors. Furthermore, TFs of the HOXD geFIne cluster affect proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumors. Consequently, dysregulated activity of HOXD TFs has been linked to clinicopathological characteristics of cancer. HOXD TFs are regulated by non-coding RNAs and methylation of DNA on promoter and enhancer regions. In addition, HOXD genes modulate the biological function of cancer cells via the MEK and AKT signaling pathways, thus, making HOXD TFs, a suitable molecular marker for cancer prognosis and therapy. In this review, we summarized the roles of HOXD TFs in different cancers and highlighted its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chenyang Qiao
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xinqiu Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
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Chen JT, Hsu YL, Hsu YC, Tseng YH, Liu MH, Weng CW, Lin CH, Pan SH, Chen JJ, Wang CC. Id2 exerts tumor suppressor properties in lung cancer through its effects on cancer cell invasion and migration. Front Oncol 2022; 12:801300. [PMID: 35982951 PMCID: PMC9379288 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.801300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advances in prognosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), a notable non–small cell lung cancer subtype, patient outcomes are still unsatisfactory. New insight on novel therapeutic strategies for LADC may be gained from a more comprehensive understanding of cancer progression mechanisms. Such strategies could reduce the mortality and morbidity of patients with LADC. In our previous study, we performed cDNA microarray screening and found an inverse relationship between inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2) expression levels and the invasiveness of LADC cells. Materials and Methods To identify the functional roles of Id2 and its action mechanisms in LADC progression, we successfully established several Id2-overexpressing and Id2-silenced LADC cell clones. Subsequently, we examined in vitro the effects exerted by Id2 on cell morphology, proliferation, colony formation, invasive, and migratory activities and examined in vivo those exerted by Id2 on cell metastasis. The mechanisms underlying the action of Id2 were investigated using RNA-seq and pathway analyses. Furthermore, the correlations of Id2 with its target gene expression and clinical outcomes were calculated. Results Our data revealed that Id2 overexpression could inhibit LADC cells’ migratory, invasive, proliferation, and colony formation capabilities. Silencing Id2 expression in LADC cells reversed the aforementioned inhibitory effects, and knockdown of Id2 increased LADC cells’ metastatic abilities in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these effects of Id2 on cancer progression might be regulated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling and CD44/Twist expression. Furthermore, in online clinical database analysis, patients with LADC whose Id2 expression levels were high and FAK/Twist expression levels were low had superior clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ting Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hao Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hua Pan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J.W. Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chi-Chung Wang,
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Elrebehy MA, Al-Saeed S, Gamal S, El-Sayed A, Ahmed AA, Waheed O, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Sallam AAM, Doghish AS. miRNAs as cornerstones in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and resistance to therapy: A spotlight on signaling pathways interplay - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:583-600. [PMID: 35768045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world's third most prevalent cancer and the main cause of cancer-related mortality. A lot of work has been put into improving CRC patients' clinical care, including the development of more effective methods and wide biomarkers variety for prognostic, and diagnostic purposes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate a variety of cellular processes and play a significant role in the CRC progression and spread via controlling their target gene expression by translation inhibition or mRNA degradation. Consequently, dysregulation and disruption in their function, miRNAs are linked to CRC malignant pathogenesis by controlling several cellular processes involved in the CRC. These cellular processes include increased proliferative and invasive capacity, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, enhanced EMT, promotion of angiogenesis and metastasis, and decreased sensitivity to major treatments. The miRNAs control cellular processes in CRC via regulation of pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling, PTEN/AKT/mTOR axis, KRAS, TGFb signaling, VEGFR, EGFR, and P53. Hence, the goal of this review was to review miRNA biogenesis and present an updated summary of oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs and their potential implication in CRC pathogenesis and responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We also summarise the biological importance and clinical applications of miRNAs in the CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sarah Al-Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sara Gamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Asmaa El-Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa A Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Omnia Waheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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HypoxaMIRs: Key Regulators of Hallmarks of Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121895. [PMID: 35741024 PMCID: PMC9221210 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia in cancer is a thoroughly studied phenomenon, and the logical cause of the reduction in oxygen tension is tumor growth itself. While sustained hypoxia leads to death by necrosis in cells, there is an exquisitely regulated mechanism that rescues hypoxic cells from their fatal fate. The accumulation in the cytoplasm of the transcription factor HIF-1α, which, under normoxic conditions, is marked for degradation by a group of oxygen-sensing proteins known as prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) in association with the von Hippel-Lindau anti-oncogene (VHL) is critical for the cell, as it regulates different mechanisms through the genes it induces. A group of microRNAs whose expression is regulated by HIF, collectively called hypoxaMIRs, have been recognized. In this review, we deal with the hypoxaMIRs that have been shown to be expressed in colorectal cancer. Subsequently, using data mining, we analyze a panel of hypoxaMIRs expressed in both normal and tumor tissues obtained from TCGA. Finally, we assess the impact of these hypoxaMIRs on cancer hallmarks through their target genes.
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10
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Francisco AB, Kanke M, Massa AP, Dinh TA, Sritharan R, Vakili K, Bardeesy N, Sethupathy P. Multi-omic analysis of microRNA-mediated regulation reveals a proliferative axis involving miR-10b in fibrolamellar carcinoma. JCI Insight 2022; 7:154743. [PMID: 35482409 PMCID: PMC9220943 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is an aggressive liver cancer primarily afflicting adolescents and young adults. Most patients with FLC harbor a heterozygous deletion on chromosome 19 that leads to the oncogenic gene fusion, DNAJB1-PRKACA. There are currently no effective therapeutics for FLC. To address that, it is critical to gain deeper mechanistic insight into FLC pathogenesis. We assembled a large sample set of FLC and nonmalignant liver tissue (n = 52) and performed integrative multiomic analysis. Specifically, we carried out small RNA sequencing to define altered microRNA expression patterns in tumor samples and then coupled this analysis with RNA sequencing and chromatin run-on sequencing data to identify candidate master microRNA regulators of gene expression in FLC. We also evaluated the relationship between DNAJB1-PRKACA and microRNAs of interest in several human and mouse cell models. Finally, we performed loss-of-function experiments for a specific microRNA in cells established from a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. We identified miR-10b-5p as the top candidate pro-proliferative microRNA in FLC. In multiple human cell models, overexpression of DNAJB1-PRKACA led to significant upregulation of miR-10b-5p. Inhibition of miR-10b in PDX-derived cells increased the expression of several potentially novel target genes, concomitant with a significant reduction in metabolic activity, proliferation, and anchorage-independent growth. This study highlights a potentially novel proliferative axis in FLC and provides a rich resource for further investigation of FLC etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Francisco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Matt Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Andrew P Massa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Timothy A Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Ramja Sritharan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Khashayar Vakili
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Nabeel Bardeesy
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
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11
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Dwedar FI, Shams-Eldin RS, Nayer Mohamed S, Mohammed AF, Gomaa SH. Potential value of circulatory microRNA10b gene expression and its target E-cadherin as a prognostic and metastatic prediction marker for breast cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23887. [PMID: 34264524 PMCID: PMC8373345 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Most BC studies on candidate microRNAs were tissue specimen based. Recently, there has been a focus on the study of cell‐free circulating miRNAs as promising biomarkers in (BC) diagnosis and prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the circulating levels of miR‐10b and its target soluble E‐ cadherin as potentially easily accessible biomarkers for breast cancer. Methods Sixty‐one breast cancer patients and forty‐eight age‐ and sex‐matched healthy volunteers serving as a control group were enrolled in the present study. Serum samples were used to assess miRNA10b expression by TaqMan miRNA assay technique. In addition, soluble E‐cadherin expression level in serum was determined using ELISA technique. Result Circulating miR‐10b expression level and serum sE‐cadherin was significantly upregulated in patients with BC compared to controls. Moreover, serum miR‐10b displayed progressive up‐regulation in advanced stages with higher level in metastatic compared to non‐metastatic BC. Additionally, the combined use of both serum miR‐10b and sE‐cadherin revealed the highest sensitivity and specificity for detection of BC metastasis (92.9% and 97.9% respectively) with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.98, 95% CI (0.958–1.00). Conclusion Our data suggest that circulating miR‐10b could be utilized as a potential non‐invasive serum biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer with better performance to predict BC metastasis achieved on measuring it simultaneously with serum sE‐cadherin. Further studies with a large cohort of patients are warranted to validate the serum biomarker for breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ibrahim Dwedar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandra University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Reham Said Shams-Eldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandra University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salwa Nayer Mohamed
- Department of Cancer management and Research, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ayman Farouk Mohammed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salwa Hamdi Gomaa
- Department of Chemical pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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12
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The Clinical Assessment of MicroRNA Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Theranostic Value in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122916. [PMID: 34208056 PMCID: PMC8230660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary MiRNAs are of great interest within colorectal cancers in diagnosis, prognosis, and within the field of personalized treatments; they are present within different biological fluids such as blood and can lead to specific information for daily clinical use. Herein, we review the current literature focusing on miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients treated for colorectal cancers. Detection and analysis of miRNA expression are cost-effective and lead to high sensitivity and specificity rates. However, it is now necessary to highlight the most sensitive and specific miRNAs for each goal, either diagnostic, prognostic, or theranostic, thanks to multicentric prospective studies. Abstract MiRNAs have recently become a subject of great interest within cancers and especially colorectal cancers in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy decisions; herein we review the current literature focusing on miRNAs in colorectal cancers, and we discuss future challenges to use this tool on a daily clinical basis. In liquid biopsies, miRNAs seem easily accessible and can give important information toward each step of the management of colorectal cancers. However, it is now necessary to highlight the most sensitive and specific miRNAs for each goal thanks to multicentric prospective studies. Conclusions: by their diversity and the feasibility of their use, miRNAs are getting part of the armamentarium of healthcare management of colorectal cancers.
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Shen Y, Dai X, Chen H, Zhai S, Peng Q, Cai S, Zhu Y, Huan J, Shen Y. Comprehensive evaluation of microRNA-10b in digestive system cancers reveals prognostic implication and signaling pathways associated with tumor progression. J Cancer 2021; 12:4011-4024. [PMID: 34093806 PMCID: PMC8176240 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Digestive system cancers (DSCs) have been recognized to be linked with high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have reported that microRNA-10b (miR-10b) is abnormally expressed in DSCs and associated with prognosis. However, the inconclusive results and unknown underlying mechanisms promoted us to perform this study. Methods: We systematic searched several databases for eligible studies and conducted quantitative analysis for evidence regarding the associations between miR-10b and survival outcome of DSCs. We also performed a series of bioinformatics analyses to uncover the potential mechanisms. Results: A total of 32 eligible studies with 3392 patients were included. Increased miR-10b expression was linked with unfavorable overall survival (OS) in DSCs (HR=1.72; 95% CI: 1.30-2.27; P <0.001). When stratified by tumor type, the impact of miR-10b overexpression on poor prognosis was observed in colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and esophageal carcinoma, but not in pancreatic cancer. Subsequently, we predicted the targets of miR-10b and conducted functional enrichment analyses. The results disclosed that miR-10b targets were predominantly enriched in some vital biological terms and pivotal signaling pathways associated with tumor progression including cell cycle, FoxO, proteoglycans, central carbon metabolism, p53, Notch, HIF-1, focal adhesion, AMPK, and pancreatic cancer. Moreover, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed to identify the top ten hub genes and significant modules and demonstrated the underlying interactions among them. Conclusion: Our results indicated that miR-10b could act as a significant biomarker in the prognosis DSCs. However, more research should be performed to test these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Haibo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuwei Zhai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Huan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Abak A, Bahroudi Z, Shoorei H, Abbas Raza SH, Taheri M. The interplay between non-coding RNAs and Twist1 signaling contribute to human disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111220. [PMID: 33433357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Twist-related protein 1 (Twist1) is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) being coded by the TWIST1 gene. This TF has a fundamental effect on the normal development and in the pathogenesis of various diseases especially cancer. Twist1 has interactions with some long non-coding RNAs and miRNAs. The interactions between this TF and various miRNAs such as miR-16, miR-26b-5p, miR-1271, miR-539, miR-214, miR-200b/c, miR-335, miR-10b, and miR-381 are implicated in the carcinogenic processes. TP73-AS1, LINC01638, ATB, NONHSAT101069, CASC15, H19, PVT1, LINC00339, LINC01385, TANAR, SNHG5, DANCR, CHRF, and TUG1 are among long non-coding RNAs which interact with Twist1 and participate in the carcinogenesis. This review aims at depicting the interaction between these non-coding transcripts and Twist1 and the consequence of these interactions in human neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biranjd University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, China
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Therapeutic Approaches for Metastases from Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010103. [PMID: 33466892 PMCID: PMC7830403 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the process of dissemination of a tumor, whereby cells from the primary site dislodge and find their way to other tissues where secondary tumors establish. Metastasis is the primary cause of death related to cancer. This process warrants changes in original tumoral cells and their microenvironment to establish a metastatic niche. Traditionally, cancer therapy has focused on metastasis prevention by systematic treatments or direct surgical re-sectioning. However, metastasis can still occur. More recently, new therapies direct their attention to targeting cancer stem cells. As they propose, these cells could be the orchestrators of the metastatic niche. In this review, we describe conventional and novel developments in cancer therapeutics for liver and lung metastasis. We further discuss the resistance mechanisms of targeted therapy, the advantages, and disadvantages of diverse treatment approaches, and future novel strategies to enhance cancer prognosis.
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16
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Saberinia A, Alinezhad A, Jafari F, Soltany S, Akhavan Sigari R. Oncogenic miRNAs and target therapies in colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ahadi A. The significance of microRNA deregulation in colorectal cancer development and the clinical uses as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic agent. Noncoding RNA Res 2020; 5:125-134. [PMID: 32954092 PMCID: PMC7476809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most widely recognized and deadly malignancies worldwide. Although death rates have declined over the previous decade, mainly because of enhanced screening or potential treatment alternatives, CRC remains the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with an estimated incidence of over 1 million new cases and approximately 600 000 deaths estimated yearly. Therefore, many scientific efforts are put into the development of new diagnostic biomarkers for CRC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one of the epigenetics categories, have demonstrated significant roles in carcinogenesis and progression through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), oncogenic signaling pathways, and metastasis. Dysregulation of miRNAs expression has been reported in many cancers, including CRC. The expression profile of miRNAs is reproducibly altered in CRC, and their expression patterns are associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic outcomes in CRC. Recently, many studies were conducted on the dysregulation of miRNAs as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CRC. Among them, some miRNAs, which include miR-21, miR-34 family, miR-155, miR-224, and miR-378, have been more studied in CRC with more prominent roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. In the present review, we summarized the latest information regarding the dysregulated miRNAs in CRC and the advantages of using miRNAs as a biomarker for CRC diagnosis, treatment, and their function in different signaling pathways involved in CRC progression. Moreover, we described the translation of miRNA research to potential therapeutic applications in the management of CRC in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ahadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Gonzalez-Villarreal CA, Quiroz-Reyes AG, Islas JF, Garza-Treviño EN. Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells in the Progression to Liver Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1511. [PMID: 32974184 PMCID: PMC7468493 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality. Tumorigenesis is a dynamic process wherein cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their microenvironment promote initiation, progression, and metastasis. Metastatic colonization is an inefficient process that is very complex and is poorly understood; however, in most cases, metastatic disease is not curable, and resistance mechanisms tend to develop against conventional treatments. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms and factors that contribute to the development of metastasis in CRC can aid in the search for specific therapeutic targets for improving standard treatments. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding tumor biology and the use of stroma cells as prognostic factors and inflammatory inducers associated with the use of tumor microenvironments as a promoter of cancer metastasis. Moreover, we look into the importance of CSC, pericytes, and circulating tumor cells as mechanisms that lead to liver metastasis, and we also focus on the cellular and molecular pathways that modulate and regulate epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Finally, we discuss a novel therapeutic target that can potentially eliminate CSCs as a CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana G Quiroz-Reyes
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Jose F Islas
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Elsa N Garza-Treviño
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
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Mehrgou A, Ebadollahi S, Seidi K, Ayoubi-Joshaghani MH, Ahmadieh Yazdi A, Zare P, Jaymand M, Jahanban-Esfahlan R. Roles of miRNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Therapeutic Implications and Clinical Opportunities. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 11:233-247. [PMID: 33880345 PMCID: PMC8046386 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most disseminated diseases across the globe engaging the digestive system. Various therapeutic methods from traditional to the state-of-the-art ones have been applied in CRC patients, however, the attempts have been unfortunate to lead to a definite cure. MiRNAs are a smart group of non-coding RNAs having the capabilities of regulating and controlling coding genes. By utilizing this stock-in-trade biomolecules, not only disease’s symptoms can be eliminated, there may also be a good chance for the complete cure of the disease in the near future. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review delineating the therapeutic relationship between miRNAs and CRC. To this, various clinical aspects of miRNAs which act as a tumor suppressor and/or an oncogene, their underlying cellular processes and clinical outcomes, and, in particular, their effects and expression level changes in patients treated with chemo- and radiotherapy are discussed. Finally, based on the results deducted from scientific research studies, therapeutic opportunities based on targeting/utilizing miRNAs in the preclinical as well as clinical settings are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mehrgou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Ebadollahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Ayoubi-Joshaghani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committees, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Zare
- Dioscuri Center of Chromatin Biology and Epigenomics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 9841 Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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A cancer stem cell-like phenotype is associated with miR-10b expression in aggressive squamous cell carcinomas. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:61. [PMID: 32276641 PMCID: PMC7146875 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) are the primary cause of premature deaths in patients suffering from the rare skin-fragility disorder recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), which is in marked contrast to the rarely metastasizing nature of these carcinomas in the general population. This remarkable difference is attributed to the frequent development of chronic wounds caused by impaired skin integrity. However, the specific molecular and cellular changes to malignancy, and whether there are common players in different types of aggressive cSCCs, remain relatively undefined. Methods MiRNA expression profiling was performed across various cell types isolated from skin and cSCCs. Microarray results were confirmed by qPCR and by an optimized in situ hybridization protocol. Functional impact of overexpression or knock-out of a dysregulated miRNA was assessed in migration and 3D-spheroid assays. Sample-matched transcriptome data was generated to support the identification of disease relevant miRNA targets. Results Several miRNAs were identified as dysregulated in cSCCs compared to control skin. These included the metastasis-linked miR-10b, which was significantly upregulated in primary cell cultures and in archival biopsies. At the functional level, overexpression of miR-10b conferred the stem cell-characteristic of 3D-spheroid formation capacity to keratinocytes. Analysis of miR-10b downstream effects identified a novel putative target of miR-10b, the actin- and tubulin cytoskeleton-associated protein DIAPH2. Conclusion The discovery that miR-10b mediates an aspect of cancer stemness – that of enhanced tumor cell adhesion, known to facilitate metastatic colonization – provides an important avenue for future development of novel therapies targeting this metastasis-linked miRNA.
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21
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Fang CY, Yu CC, Liao YW, Hsieh PL, Ohiro Y, Chu PM, Huang YC, Yu CH, Tsai LL. miR-10b regulated by Twist maintains myofibroblasts activities in oral submucous fibrosis. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119:1167-1173. [PMID: 32265096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is an oral precancerous disorder associated with the habit of areca nut chewing. MiR-10b has been shown to be upregulated in the oral cancer cells and induced by Twist. Our previous work has revealed that Twist participated in the pathogenesis of OSF and therefore we aimed to investigate whether Twist/miR-10b axis was involved in the activation of myofibroblast in the oral cavity. METHODS The expression levels of miR-10b in OSF tissues and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs) were examined. Besides, the expression of miR-10b was determined in fBMFs following knockdown of Twist or in BMFs after arecoline stimulation. Myofibroblast activities, including collagen gel contraction, migration and wound healing abilities, as well as the expression of α-SMA were measured in fBMFs treated with miR-10b inhibitor. Last, we investigated whether the effect of Twist overexpression could be reversed by suppression of miR-10b. RESULTS MiR-10b expression was overexpressed in both OSF tissues and fBMFs. The silence of Twist resulted in the downregulation of miR-10b in fBMFs and arecoline treatment led to an increase of miR-10b in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of miR-10b ameliorated the activation of myofibroblasts and the expression of α-SMA. Moreover, we demonstrated that suppression of miR-10b hindered the increased collagen gel contraction caused by Twist overexpression. CONCLUSION MiR-10b upregulation in OSF may be due to the stimulation of areca nut, leading to elevated myofibroblast activation. Our findings showed that the areca nut-induced expression of miR-10b was under the regulation of Twist and inhibition of miR-10b may provide a direction for treatment of OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Fang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yoichi Ohiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hang Yu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lo-Lin Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Menéndez-Menéndez J, Hermida-Prado F, Granda-Díaz R, González A, García-Pedrero JM, Del-Río-Ibisate N, González-González A, Cos S, Alonso-González C, Martínez-Campa C. Deciphering the Molecular Basis of Melatonin Protective Effects on Breast Cells Treated with Doxorubicin: TWIST1 a Transcription Factor Involved in EMT and Metastasis, a Novel Target of Melatonin. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071011. [PMID: 31331001 PMCID: PMC6679136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin mitigates cancer initiation, progression and metastasis through inhibition of both the synthesis of estrogens and the transcriptional activity of the estradiol-ER (Estrogen receptor) complex in the estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Moreover, melatonin improves the sensitivity of MCF-7 to chemotherapeutic agents and protects against their side effects. It has been described that melatonin potentiates the anti-proliferative effects of doxorubicin; however, the molecular changes involving gene expression and the activation/inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways remain largely unknown. Here we found that melatonin enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of doxorubicin in MCF-7 but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Strikingly, doxorubicin treatment induced cell migration and invasion, and melatonin effectively counteracted these effects in MCF-7 but not in estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 cells. Importantly, we describe for the first time the ability of melatonin to downregulate TWIST1 (Twist-related protein 1) in estrogen-dependent but not in estrogen-independent breast cancer cells. Combined with doxorubicin, melatonin inhibited the activation of p70S6K and modulated the expression of breast cancer, angiogenesis and clock genes. Moreover, melatonin regulates the levels of TWIST1-related microRNAs, such as miR-10a, miR-10b and miR-34a. Since TWIST1 plays a pivotal role in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, acquisition of metastatic phenotype and angiogenesis, our results suggest that inhibition of TWIST1 by melatonin might be a crucial mechanism of overcoming resistance and improving the oncostatic potential of doxorubicin in estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rocío Granda-Díaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Juana María García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nagore Del-Río-Ibisate
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicia González-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
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Ardila HJ, Sanabria-Salas MC, Meneses X, Rios R, Huertas-Salgado A, Serrano ML. Circulating miR-141-3p, miR-143-3p and miR-200c-3p are differentially expressed in colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 11:201-207. [PMID: 31316774 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prominent causes of cancer related deaths because, in part, there is not an early, non-invasive, effective detection strategy. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as potential non-invasive biomarkers for CRC. In this study, we evaluated the miRNA profile in sixteen CRC tissues by Next-Generation-Sequencing and compared the circulating expression levels of 22 miRNAs among 45 CRC, 14 hyperplastic polyps, 11 advanced adenoma patients and 45 control subjects, by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, to search for miRNAs which could be potential biomarkers. In total, nine of them represented 70% of total read counts (miR-10a-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-92a-3p and miR-143-5p). In silico analysis found eight candidates to mature miRNAs. With respect to circulating miRNA, we found higher serum expression levels of miR-143-3p, miR-141-3p and miR-200c-3p in the CRC and adenoma groups compared with controls (P<0.002), and we also found significant higher levels of miR-141-3p and miR-200c-3p in serum of adenoma patients compared with the CRC group. In conclusion, the measurement of miRNAs in the blood could complement current screening methods for CRC and might provide new insights into mechanisms of tumorigenesis. miR-143-3p, miR-141-3p and miR-200c-3p could be interesting miRNAs to study as potential biomarkers for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Javier Ardila
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia.,Instituto de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Ximena Meneses
- Unidad de Análisis, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rafael Rios
- Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana, Centro Internacional de Genómica Microbiana, Universidad el Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Martha Lucía Serrano
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia.,Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Yuan YH, Wang HY, Lai Y, Zhong W, Liang WL, Yan FD, Yu Z, Chen JK, Lin Y. Epigenetic inactivation of HOXD10 is associated with human colon cancer via inhibiting the RHOC/AKT/MAPK signaling pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:9. [PMID: 30683109 PMCID: PMC6347846 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the influence of HOXD10 on the metabolism and growth of colon carcinoma cells by suppressing the RHOC/AKT/MAPK pathway. METHODS Thirty-seven paired colon cancer and its adjacent samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. Chip Analysis Methylation Pipeline (ChAMP) analysis was employed for differential methylated points (DMPs) and the differential methylation regions (DMRs) screening. The HOXD10 mRNA expression and DNA methylation levels were detected by RT-PCR. The Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were respectively measured by MTT assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay and flow cytometry assay in carcinoma cell lines after treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) or transfected with HOXD10-expressing plasmid. The expression of HOXD10 and RHOC was revealed by immunohistochemistry in disparate differentiation colon carcinoma tissues, and the dephosphorylation of AKT and MAPK pathways were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS The bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that HOXD10 was hypermethylated and low-expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. The detection of RT-PCR indicated the similar results in colorectal cancer cell lines and tissues. The induction of demethylation was recovered by treatment with 5-Aza-dC and the HOXD10 in colorectal cancer cell lines was re-expressed by transfection with a HOXD10 expression vector. The demethylation or overexpression of HOXD10 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. HXOD10 suppressed the tumor growth and detected an opposite trend of protein RHOC. AKT and MAPK pathways were notably inactivated after the dephosphorylation due to the overexpression of HOXD10. CONCLUSIONS HOXD10 was suppressed in colon adenocarcinoma cells, which down-regulated RHOC/AKT/MAPK pathway to enhance colon cancer cells apoptosis and constrain the proliferation, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Han-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.,Department of Radiation Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Wa Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Ling Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Fu-de Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Luopu Community Health Service Center of Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511431, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Kai Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang T, Guo J, Gu J, Wang Z, Wang G, Li H, Wang J. Identifying the key genes and microRNAs in colorectal cancer liver metastasis by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:279-291. [PMID: 30542696 PMCID: PMC6278419 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the principal causes of cancer‑associated mortality worldwide. The high incidence of liver metastasis is the leading risk factor of mortality in patients with CRC, and the mechanisms of CRC liver metastasis are poorly understood. In the present study, 7 datasets, including 3 gene expression profile datasets and 4 microRNA (miRNA) expression profile datasets were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify potential key genes and miRNAs, which may be candidate biomarkers for CRC liver metastasis. Differentially expressed (DE) genes (DEGs) and DE miRNAs of primary CRC tumor tissues and liver metastatic CRC tumor tissues were selected using the GEO2R tool. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online database. Furthermore, Cytoscape with cytoHubba and the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plug‑in were used to visualize a protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network for these DEGs, and to screen hub genes and gene modules in the PPI network. In addition, the online databases, TargetScan, miRanda, PITA, miRWalk and miRDB, were used to identify the target genes of the DE miRNAs. In the present study, 141 DEGs (97 upregulated and 44 downregulated) and 3 DE miRNAs (2 upregulated and 1 downregulated) were screened from the 3 gene expression microarray datasets and 4 miRNA expression microarray datasets, respectively. In total, 10 hub genes with a high degree of connectivity were selected from the PPI network, including albumin (ALB), coagulation factor II (F2), thrombin, apolipoprotein H (APOH), serpin family C member 1 (SERPINC1), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), α‑1‑microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP), apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3), plasminogen (PLG), α‑2 HS glycoprotein (AHSG) and apolipoprotein B (APOB). The most important module was detected in the PPI network using the MCODE plug‑in. A total of 20 DEGs were identified to be potential target genes of these DE miRNAs, and novel miRNA‑DEGs regulatory axes were constructed. In vitro experiments were performed to demonstrate that miR‑885 promoted CRC cell migration by, at least partially, decreasing the expression of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and insulin‑like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5). In conclusion, by using integrated bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments, key candidate genes were identified and novel miRNA‑mRNA regulatory axes in CRC liver metastasis were constructed, which may improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jianrong Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Yoo B, Greninger P, Stein GT, Egan RK, McClanaghan J, Moore A, Benes CH, Medarova Z. Potent and selective effect of the mir-10b inhibitor MN-anti-mir10b in human cancer cells of diverse primary disease origin. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201046. [PMID: 30028875 PMCID: PMC6054402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have been implicated in oncogenesis, many of them have been identified as therapeutic targets. Previously we have demonstrated that miRNA-10b acts as a master regulator of the viability of metastatic tumor cells and represents a target for therapeutic intervention. We designed and synthesized an inhibitor of miR-10b, termed MN-anti-miR10b. We showed that treatment with MN-anti-miR10b led to durable regression/elimination of established metastases in murine models of metastatic breast cancer. Since miRNA-10b has been associated with various metastatic and non-metastatic cancers, in the present study, we investigated the effect of MN-anti-miR10b in a panel of over 600 cell lines derived from a variety of human malignancies. We observed an effect on the viability of multiple cell lines within each cancer type and a mostly dichotomous response with cell lines either strongly responsive to MN-anti-miR10b or not at all even at maximum dose tested, suggesting a very high specificity of the effect. Genomic modeling of the drug response showed enrichment of genes associated with the proto-oncogene, c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byunghee Yoo
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Patricia Greninger
- Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Giovanna T. Stein
- Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Regina K. Egan
- Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Joseph McClanaghan
- Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Anna Moore
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZM); (CHB); (AM)
| | - Cyril H. Benes
- Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZM); (CHB); (AM)
| | - Zdravka Medarova
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZM); (CHB); (AM)
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El-Mogy M, Lam B, Haj-Ahmad TA, McGowan S, Yu D, Nosal L, Rghei N, Roberts P, Haj-Ahmad Y. Diversity and signature of small RNA in different bodily fluids using next generation sequencing. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:408. [PMID: 29843592 PMCID: PMC5975555 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small RNAs are critical components in regulating various cellular pathways. These molecules may be tissue-associated or circulating in bodily fluids and have been shown to associate with different tumors. Next generation sequencing (NGS) on small RNAs is a powerful tool for profiling and discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs). RESULTS In this study, we isolated total RNA from various bodily fluids: blood, leukocytes, serum, plasma, saliva, cell-free saliva, urine and cell-free urine. Next, we used Illumina's NGS platform and intensive bioinformatics analysis to investigate the distribution and signature of small RNAs in the various fluids. Successful NGS was accomplished despite the variations in RNA concentrations among the different fluids. Among the fluids studied, blood and plasma were found to be the most promising fluids for small RNA profiling as well as novel miRNA prediction. Saliva and urine yielded lower numbers of identifiable molecules and therefore were less reliable in small RNA profiling and less useful in predicting novel molecules. In addition, all fluids shared many molecules, including 139 miRNAs, the most abundant tRNAs, and the most abundant piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Fluids of similar origin (blood, urine or saliva) displayed closer clustering, while each fluid still retains its own characteristic signature based on its unique molecules and its levels of the common molecules. Donor urine samples showed sex-dependent differential clustering, which may prove useful for future studies. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the successful clustering and unique signatures of bodily fluids based on their miRNA, tRNA and piRNA content. With this information, cohorts may be differentiated based on multiple molecules from each small RNA class by a multidimensional assessment of the overall molecular signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Mogy
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bernard Lam
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
| | | | - Shannon McGowan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1 Canada
| | - Darrick Yu
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
| | - Lucas Nosal
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
| | - Nezar Rghei
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
| | - Pam Roberts
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
| | - Yousef Haj-Ahmad
- Norgen Biotek Corp, Thorold, ON L2V 4Y6 Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1 Canada
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Li J, Khan MA, Wei C, Cheng J, Chen H, Yang L, Ijaz I, Fu J. Thymoquinone Inhibits the Migration and Invasive Characteristics of Cervical Cancer Cells SiHa and CaSki In Vitro by Targeting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Associated Transcription Factors Twist1 and Zeb1. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122105. [PMID: 29207526 PMCID: PMC6149891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors worldwide, for which chemotherapeutic strategies are limited due to their non-specific cytotoxicity and drug resistance. The natural product thymoquinone (TQ) has been reported to target a vast number of signaling pathways in carcinogenesis in different cancers, and hence is regarded as a promising anticancer molecule. Inhibition of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators is an important approach in anticancer research. In this study, TQ was used to treat the cervical cancer cell lines SiHa and CaSki to investigate its effects on EMT-regulatory proteins and cancer metastasis. Our results showed that TQ has time-dependent and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects, and it also inhibits the migration and invasion processes in different cervical cancer cells. At the molecular level, TQ treatment inhibited the expression of Twist1, Zeb1 expression, and increased E-Cadherin expression. Luciferase reporter assay showed that TQ decreases the Twist1 and Zeb1 promoter activities respectively, indicating that Twist1 and Zeb1 might be the direct target of TQ. TQ also increased cellular apoptosis in some extent, but apoptotic genes/proteins we tested were not significant affected. We conclude that TQ inhibits the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells, probably via Twist1/E-Cadherin/EMT or/and Zeb1/E-Cadherin/EMT, among other signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Md Asaduzzaman Khan
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Chunli Wei
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Hanchun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Lisha Yang
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Iqra Ijaz
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China.
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
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