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Yuan L, Jiang X, Jia G, Li Z, Wang M, Hu S, Yang J, Liang F, Zhang F, Gao L, Gao N. Minnelide exhibits antileukemic activity by targeting the Ars2/miR-190a-3p axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155724. [PMID: 38759317 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of a novel and effective strategy for the clinical treatment of acute leukemia (AL) is a long-term goal. Minnelide, a water-soluble prodrug of triptolide, has recently been evaluated in phase I and II clinical trials in patients with multiple cancers and has shown promise as an antileukemic agent. However, the molecular mechanism underlying minnelide's antileukemic activity remains unclear. PURPOSE To explore the molecular mechanisms by which minnelide exhibits antileukemic activity. METHODS AL cells, primary human leukemia cells, and a xenograft mouse model were treated with triptolide and minnelide. The molecular mechanism was elucidated using western blotting, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, GSEA and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS Minnelide was highly effective in inhibiting leukemogenesis and improving survival in two complementary AL mouse models. Triptolide, an active form of minnelide, causes cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and induces apoptosis in both human AL cell lines and primary AL cells. Mechanistically, we identified Ars2 as a new chemotherapeutic target of minnelide for AL treatment. We found that triptolide directly targeted Ars2, resulting in the downregulation of miR-190a-3p, which led to the disturbance of PTEN/Akt signaling and culminated in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that targeting Ars2/miR-190a-3p signaling using minnelide could represent a novel chemotherapeutic strategy for AL treatment and support the evaluation of minnelide for the treatment of AL in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Xiuxing Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Guanfei Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Siyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Jiawang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Feng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China.
| | - Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, PR China.
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Pan W, Yang B, He D, Chen L, Fu C. Functions and targets of miRNAs in pharmacological and toxicological effects of major components of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1997-2019. [PMID: 37831113 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) has a long history of use as a traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely administered to treat various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, short, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They participate in the efficacies and even toxicities of the components of TwHF, rendering miRNAs an appealing therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes the recent literature related to the roles and mechanisms of miRNAs in the pharmacological and toxicological effects of main components of TwHF, focusing on two active compounds, triptolide (TP) and celastrol (CEL). Additionally, the prospects for the "You Gu Wu Yun" theory regarding TwHF nephrotoxicity are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiu He
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxiao Fu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Sadrkhanloo M, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Raesi R, Bahonar A, Nakhaee Z, Entezari M, Beig Goharrizi MAS, Salimimoghadam S, Ren J, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Dehkhoda F, Taheriazam A, Tan SC, Hushmandi K. New emerging targets in osteosarcoma therapy: PTEN and PI3K/Akt crosstalk in carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154902. [PMID: 37922723 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone carcinoma that affects people in childhood and adulthood. The heterogeneous nature and chromosomal instability represent certain characteristics of OS cells. These cancer cells grow and migrate abnormally, making the prognosis undesirable for patients. Conventional and current treatments fail to completely eradicate tumor cells, so new therapeutics targeting genes may be considered. PI3K/Akt is a regulator of events such as growth, cell death, migration, and differentiation, and its expression changes during cancer progression. PTEN reduces PI3K/Akt expression, and its mutations and depletions have been reported in various tumors. Experimental evidence shows that there is upregulation of PI3K/Akt and downregulation of PTEN in OS. Increasing PTEN expression may suppress PI3K/Akt to minimize tumorigenesis. In addition, PI3K/Akt shows a positive association with growth, metastasis, EMT and metabolism of OS cells and inhibits apoptosis. Importantly, overexpression of PI3K/Akt causes drug resistance and radio-resistance and its level can be modulated by miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs. Silencing PI3K/Akt by compounds and drugs can suppress OS. Here, we review in detail the function of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt in OS, revealing its biological function, function in tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahonar
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nakhaee
- Medical School, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Tian Q, Zhang P, Wang Y, Si Y, Yin D, Weber CR, Fishel ML, Pollok KE, Qiu B, Xiao F, Chong AS. A novel triptolide analog downregulates NF-κB and induces mitochondrial apoptosis pathways in human pancreatic cancer. eLife 2023; 12:e85862. [PMID: 37877568 PMCID: PMC10861173 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and despite advancements in disease management, the 5 -year survival rate stands at only 12%. Triptolides have potent anti-tumor activity against different types of cancers, including pancreatic cancer, however poor solubility and toxicity limit their translation into clinical use. We synthesized a novel pro-drug of triptolide, (E)-19-[(1'-benzoyloxy-1'-phenyl)-methylidene]-Triptolide (CK21), which was formulated into an emulsion for in vitro and in vivo testing in rats and mice, and used human pancreatic cancer cell lines and patient-derived pancreatic tumor organoids. A time-course transcriptomic profiling of tumor organoids treated with CK21 in vitro was conducted to define its mechanism of action, as well as transcriptomic profiling at a single time point post-CK21 administration in vivo. Intravenous administration of emulsified CK21 resulted in the stable release of triptolide, and potent anti-proliferative effects on human pancreatic cancer cell lines and patient-derived pancreatic tumor organoids in vitro, and with minimal toxicity in vivo. Time course transcriptomic profiling of tumor organoids treated with CK21 in vitro revealed <10 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 3 hr and ~8,000 DEGs at 12 hr. Overall inhibition of general RNA transcription was observed, and Ingenuity pathway analysis together with functional cellular assays confirmed inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, increased oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading ultimately to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced B-cell-lymphoma protein 2 (BCL2) expression, and mitochondrial-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. Thus, CK21 is a novel pro-drug of triptolide that exerts potent anti-proliferative effects on human pancreatic tumors by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, leading ultimately to mitochondrial-mediated tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomu Tian
- Department of Surgery, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cinkate Pharmaceutical Corp, ZhangJiang DistrictShanghaiChina
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of Surgery, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Youhui Si
- Department of Surgery, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Dengping Yin
- Department of Surgery, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | | | - Melissa L Fishel
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisUnited States
| | - Karen E Pollok
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisUnited States
| | - Bo Qiu
- Cinkate Pharmaceutical Corp, ZhangJiang DistrictShanghaiChina
| | - Fei Xiao
- Cinkate Pharmaceutical Corp, ZhangJiang DistrictShanghaiChina
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
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5
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AbdulHussein AH, Al-Taee MM, Radih ZA, Aljuboory DS, Mohammed ZQ, Hashesh TS, Riadi Y, Hadrawi SK, Najafi M. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by triptolide. Biofactors 2023; 49:718-735. [PMID: 36876465 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a hot topic issue in cancer research and therapy. Although cancer therapy including radiotherapy and anti-cancer drugs can kill malignant cells within the tumor, cancer cells can develop a wide range of mechanisms to resist the toxic effects of anti-cancer agents. Cancer cells may provide some mechanisms to resist oxidative stress and escape from apoptosis and attack by the immune system. Furthermore, cancer cells may resist senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagic cell death by modulating several critical genes. The development of these mechanisms leads to resistance to anti-cancer drugs and also radiotherapy. Resistance to therapy can increase mortality and reduce survival following cancer therapy. Thus, overcoming mechanisms of resistance to cell death in malignant cells can facilitate tumor elimination and increase the efficiency of anti-cancer therapy. Natural-derived molecules are intriguing agents that may be suggested to be used as an adjuvant in combination with other anticancer drugs or radiotherapy to sensitize cancer cells to therapy with at least side effects. This paper aims to review the potential of triptolide for inducing various types of cell death in cancer cells. We review the induction or resistance to different cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis following the administration of triptolide. We also review the safety and future perspectives for triptolide and its derivatives in experimental and human studies. The anticancer potential of triptolide and its derivatives may make them effective adjuvants for enhancing tumor suppression in combination with anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salema K Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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6
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Xiang Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Yang X. Functional role of MicroRNA/PI3K/AKT axis in osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1219211. [PMID: 37404761 PMCID: PMC10315918 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1219211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that occurs in children and adolescents, and the PI3K/AKT pathway is overactivated in most OS patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved endogenous non-protein-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression by repressing mRNA translation or degrading mRNA. MiRNAs are enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway, and aberrant PI3K/AKT pathway activation is involved in the development of osteosarcoma. There is increasing evidence that miRNAs can regulate the biological functions of cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiRNA/PI3K/AKT axis can regulate the expression of osteosarcoma-related genes and then regulate cancer progression. MiRNA expression associated with PI3K/AKT pathway is also clearly associated with many clinical features. In addition, PI3K/AKT pathway-associated miRNAs are potential biomarkers for osteosarcoma diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment. This article reviews recent research advances on the role and clinical application of PI3K/AKT pathway and miRNA/PI3K/AKT axis in the development of osteosarcoma.
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7
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Doghish AS, Hegazy M, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EGE, Elkhawaga SY, Elkady MA, Yehia AM, Abdelmaksoud NM, Mokhtar MM. A spotlight on the interplay of signaling pathways and the role of miRNAs in osteosarcoma pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154442. [PMID: 37031532 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common bone cancers that constantly affects children, teenagers, and young adults. Numerous epigenetic elements, such as miRNAs, have been shown to influence OS features like progression, initiation, angiogenesis, and treatment resistance. The expression of numerous genes implicated in OS pathogenesis might be regulated by miRNAs. This effect is ascribed to miRNAs' roles in the invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Important OS-related mechanistic networks like the WNT/b-catenin signaling, PTEN/AKT/mTOR axis, and KRAS mutations are also affected by miRNAs. In addition to pathophysiology, miRNAs may influence how the OS reacts to therapies like radiotherapy and chemotherapy. With a focus on how miRNAs affect OS signaling pathways, this review seeks to show how miRNAs and OS are related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Mokhtar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
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Regulation of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Osteosarcoma. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020398. [PMID: 36830767 PMCID: PMC9953423 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that has been linked to the promotion of aggressive cellular features in many cancer types. It is characterized by the loss of the epithelial cell phenotype and a shift to a more mesenchymal phenotype and is accompanied by an associated change in cell markers. EMT is highly complex and regulated via multiple signaling pathways. While the importance of EMT is classically described for carcinomas-cancers of epithelial origin-it has also been clearly demonstrated in non-epithelial cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS), a primary bone cancer predominantly affecting children and young adults. Recent studies examining EMT in OS have highlighted regulatory roles for multiple proteins, non-coding nucleic acids, and components of the tumor micro-environment. This review serves to summarize these experimental findings, identify key families of regulatory molecules, and identify potential therapeutic targets specific to the EMT process in OS.
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Gang W, Hao H, Yong H, Ruibing F, Chaowen L, Yizheng H, Chao L, Haitao Z. Therapeutic Potential of Triptolide in Treating Bone-Related Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:905576. [PMID: 35784734 PMCID: PMC9240268 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.905576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide, a diterpene triepoxide, is a pharmacologically active compound isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF). Triptolide has attracted considerable attention in recent times due to its multiple biological and pharmaceutical activities, with an emphasis on therapeutic importance in the treatment of diverse disorders. With essential medicinal implications, TwHF's extracts have been used as anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antioxidative, and immunosuppressive agents for centuries, with continuous and relevant modifications to date to enhance its utility in several diseases and pathophysiology. Here, in this review, we accentuate the studies, highlighting the effects of triptolide on treating bone-related disorders, both inflammatory and cancerous, particularly osteosarcoma, and their manifestations. Based on this review, future avenues could be estimated for potential research strategies, molecular mechanisms, and outcomes that might contribute toward reinforcing new dimensions in the clinical application of triptolide in treating bone-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Gang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Hao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Huang Yong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Ruibing
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Huang Yizheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Chao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Haitao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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10
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MicroRNAs in Leukemias: A Clinically Annotated Compendium. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073469. [PMID: 35408829 PMCID: PMC8998245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemias are a group of malignancies of the blood and bone marrow. Multiple types of leukemia are known, however reliable treatments have not been developed for most leukemia types. Furthermore, even relatively reliable treatments can result in relapses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, noncoding RNAs responsible for epigenetic regulation of gene expression and have been proposed as a source of potential novel therapeutic targets for leukemias. In order to identify central miRNAs for leukemia, we conducted data synthesis using two databases: miRTarBase and DISNOR. A total of 137 unique miRNAs associated with 16 types of leukemia were retrieved from miRTarBase and 86 protein-coding genes associated with leukemia were retrieved from the DISNOR database. Based on these data, we formed a visual network of 248 miRNA-target interactions (MTI) between leukemia-associated genes and miRNAs associated with ≥4 leukemia types. We then manually reviewed the literature describing these 248 MTIs for interactions identified in leukemia studies. This manually curated data was then used to visualize a network of 64 MTIs identified in leukemia patients, cell lines and animal models. We also formed a visual network of miRNA-leukemia associations. Finally, we compiled leukemia clinical trials from the ClinicalTrials database. miRNAs with the highest number of MTIs were miR-125b-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p and miR-19a-3p, while target genes with the highest number of MTIs were TP53, BCL2, KIT, ATM, RUNX1 and ABL1. The analysis of 248 MTIs revealed a large, highly interconnected network. Additionally, a large MTI subnetwork was present in the network visualized from manually reviewed data. The interconnectedness of the MTI subnetwork suggests that certain miRNAs represent central disease molecules for multiple leukemia types. Additional studies on miRNAs, their target genes and associated biological pathways are required to elucidate the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in leukemia.
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in adolescents. Its high propensity to metastasize is the leading cause for treatment failure and poor prognosis. Although the research of osteosarcoma has greatly expanded in the past decades, the knowledge and new therapy strategies targeting metastatic progression remain sparse. The prognosis of patients with metastasis is still unsatisfactory. There is resonating urgency for a thorough and deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma to develop innovative therapies targeting metastasis. Toward the goal of elaborating the characteristics and biological behavior of metastatic osteosarcoma, it is essential to combine the diverse investigations that are performed at molecular, cellular, and animal levels from basic research to clinical translation spanning chemical, physical sciences, and biology. This review focuses on the metastatic process, regulatory networks involving key molecules and signaling pathways, the role of microenvironment, osteoclast, angiogenesis, metabolism, immunity, and noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma metastasis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current research advances, with the hope to discovery druggable targets and promising therapy strategies for osteosarcoma metastasis and thus to overcome this clinical impasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohong Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Sabo AA, Dudau M, Constantin GL, Pop TC, Geilfus CM, Naccarati A, Dragomir MP. Two Worlds Colliding: The Interplay Between Natural Compounds and Non-Coding Transcripts in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:652074. [PMID: 34295245 PMCID: PMC8290364 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.652074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and has recently become the leading cause of death in western countries, representing an immense public health burden. When it comes to cancer treatment, chemotherapy is one of the main pillars, especially for advanced stage tumors. Over the years, natural compounds have emerged as one of the most valuable resources for new chemotherapies. It is estimated that more than half of the currently used chemotherapeutic agents are derived from natural compounds. Usually, natural compounds are discovered empirically and an important limitation of introducing new anti-cancer natural products is lack of knowledge with regard to their mechanism of action. Recent data has proven that several natural compounds may function via modulating the expression and function of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). NcRNAs are a heterogenous class of RNA molecules which are usually not translated into proteins but have an important role in gene expression regulation and are involved in multiple tumorigenic processes, including response/resistance to pharmacotherapy. In this review, we will discuss how natural compounds function via ncRNAs while summarizing the available data regarding their effects on over 15 types of cancer. Moreover, we will critically analyze the current advances and limitations in understanding the way natural compounds exert these health-promoting effects by acting on ncRNAs. Finally, we will propose several hypotheses that may open new avenues and perspectives regarding the interaction between natural compounds and ncRNAs, which could lead to improved natural compound-based therapeutic strategies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru A. Sabo
- Pediatrics 2 (General and Special Pediatrics), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maria Dudau
- Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - George L. Constantin
- Division of Soil Science and Site Science, Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tudor C. Pop
- Department of Pediatrics, Marie Curie Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Christoph-M. Geilfus
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Mihnea P. Dragomir
- Department of Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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13
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Zhou K, Chang Y, Han B, Li R, Wei Y. MicroRNAs as crucial mediators in the pharmacological activities of triptolide (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:499. [PMID: 33791008 PMCID: PMC8005665 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is the main bioactive constituent isolated from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., which possesses a variety of pharmacological properties. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs are implicated in several intracellular processes, whereby their dysregulation contributes to pathogenesis of various diseases. Thus, miRNAs have great potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases, and are implicated in drug treatment. Previous studies have reported that specific miRNAs are targeted, and their expression levels can be altered following exposure to triptolide. Thus, miRNAs are emerging as crucial mediators in the pharmacological activities of triptolide. The present review summarizes current literature on miRNAs as target molecules in the pharmacological activities of triptolide, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, renal protective, cardioprotective, antiangiogenesis activities and multiorgan toxicity effects. In addition, the diverse signaling pathways involved are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of triptolide in the regulation of target miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Shanxi Institute of Energy, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Yinxia Chang
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Bo Han
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
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14
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Celastrol and Triptolide Suppress Stemness in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Notch as a Therapeutic Target for Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050482. [PMID: 33924995 PMCID: PMC8146582 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is observed in ~15% of breast cancers and results in poor survival and increased distant metastases. Within the tumor are present a small portion of cancer stem cells that drive tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether the two natural compounds, celastrol and triptolide, inhibit stemness in TNBC. MDA-MB-231, BT20, and a patient-derived primary cells (PD-TNBC) were used in the study. Mammosphere assay was performed to assess the stemness. Both celastrol and triptolide treatment suppressed mammosphere formation. Furthermore, the compound suppressed expression of cancer stem cell marker proteins DCLK1, ALDH1, and CD133. Notch signaling plays a critical role in stem cells renewal. Both celastrol or triptolide reduced Notch -1 activation and expression of its downstream target proteins HES-1 and HEY-1. However, when NICD 1 was ectopically overexpressed in the cells, it partially rescued proliferation and mammosphere formation of the cells, supporting the role of notch signaling. Together, these data demonstrate that targeting stem cells and the notch signaling pathway may be an effective strategy for curtailing TNBC progression.
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15
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Guo Y, Ji W, Lu Y, Wang Y. Triptolide reduces salivary gland damage in a non-obese diabetic mice model of Sjögren's syndrome via JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 68:131-138. [PMID: 33879964 PMCID: PMC8046007 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. However, the effect of triptolide on Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is rarely reported. In this paper, we studied the effects of triptolide on non-obese diabetes mice model of SS. In this study, salivary flow rate was measured every two weeks, and autoantibodies levels in the serum were detected. Salivary gland index and spleen index were detected, pathological changes of salivary gland were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining, inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry, proliferation of T cells and B cells were detected, and related proteins were detected by Western blot. Triptolide increased salivary flow rate and salivary gland index, and decreased spleen gland index. Moreover, triptolide reduced the infiltration of lymphocytes to salivary glands, decreased the level of autoantibodies in serum, and reduced the inflammatory factors in salivary glands and IFN-γ induced salivary gland epithelial cells. Further, triptolide inhibited activator of JAK/STAT pathway and NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, triptolide could inhibit the infiltration of lymphocytes and the expression of inflammatory factors through JAK/STAT pathway and NF-κB pathway. Thus, triptolide may be used as a potential drug to treat SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunke Guo
- Department of Rheumatism, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Rheumatism, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yueyang Lu
- Integration of traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Rheumatism, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210000, China
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16
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Huang SJ, Huang J, Yan YB, Qiu J, Tan RQ, Liu Y, Tian Q, Guan L, Niu SS, Zhang Y, Xi Z, Xiang Y, Gong Q. The renoprotective effect of curcumin against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice: involvement of miR-181a/PTEN axis. Ren Fail 2021; 42:350-357. [PMID: 32338107 PMCID: PMC7241563 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1751658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity, especially acute kidney injury (AKI), is the main dose-limiting toxicity of cisplatin. Although recent studies showed that curcumin prevented cisplatin-induced AKI effectively, further studies to understand the mechanism are required.Methods: We established an AKI mouse model. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to three groups: saline group (control), cisplatin group (CP), and curcumin + cisplatin group (CP + Cur). The CP group received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin, while the control group received saline. The CP + Cur group received i.p. curcumin three days before cisplatin injection and curcumin administered for another three days until the day before euthanization. Renal injury was assessed by serological and histological analysis. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and microRNA (miR)-181a expression in the renal tissues. Bioinformatics prediction and western blotting methods validated the targets of miR-181a in vitro.Results: Curcumin treatment alleviated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity as validated by the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values, and histological analysis of kidneys. At the molecular level, curcumin treatment decreased miR-181a expression level, which was induced by cisplatin and restored the in vivo expression of PTEN, which was suppressed by cisplatin. We verified the direct regulation of PTEN by miR-181a in cultured human embryonic kidney 293T cells.Conclusions: We showed the involvement of miR-181a/PTEN axis in the renoprotective effect of curcumin against cisplatin-induced AKI, and provide new evidence on the ability of curcumin to alleviate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yun-Bo Yan
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jiao Qiu
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Rui-Qiao Tan
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Li Guan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Niu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yanxiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhijiang Xi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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17
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周 玉, 陆 萧, 夏 丽, 姚 伟, 秦 国, 王 国. [Arctiin antagonizes triptolide-induced renal toxicity in rats via anti-inflammatory pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1399-1405. [PMID: 33118522 PMCID: PMC7606234 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.10.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of arctiin with anti-inflammatory bioactivity against triptolide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Forty SD rats were divided into 4 groups for gastric lavage of normal saline, arctiin (500 mg/kg), triptolide (500 μg/kg), or both arctiin (500 mg/kg) and triptolide (500 μg/kg). Blood samples were collected for analysis of biochemical renal parameters, and the renal tissues were harvested for determining the kidney index and for pathological evaluation with HE staining. In the in vitro experiment, HK-2 cells were treated with arctiin and triptolide either alone or in combination, and the cell viability was determined with MTT assay; the cell morphological changes was observed using laser confocal microscopy, cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, and the expressions of inflammation-related protein expression were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS In SD rats, arctiin significantly antagonized triptolide-induced elevation of BUN, Scr and kidney index (P < 0.05) and obviously improved renal tissue damages induced by triptolide including cell swelling, vacuolization and spotty necrosis. Arctiin significantly inhibited triptolide-induced cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells and increased the cell viability at 24 h (P < 0.05). Arctiin also attenuated triptolide-induced cell morphological changes, decreased cell apoptosis rate (P < 0.05) and reversed the expressions of IκBα and nuclear p65 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Arctiin can protect the kidney from triptolide-induced damages in rats possibly through the anti-inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 玉燕 周
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心//药学院,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research and Development Center//School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心//活性大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs//Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-molecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 萧雅 陆
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心//药学院,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research and Development Center//School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 丽 夏
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心//药学院,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research and Development Center//School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 伟强 姚
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心//药学院,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research and Development Center//School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 国正 秦
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心//药学院,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research and Development Center//School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心//活性大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs//Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-molecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 国栋 王
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心//药学院,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research and Development Center//School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心//活性大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs//Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-molecules, Wuhu 241002, China
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18
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Danbaran GR, Aslani S, Sharafkandi N, Hemmatzadeh M, Hosseinzadeh R, Azizi G, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Babaie F, Mohammadi H. How microRNAs affect the PD-L1 and its synthetic pathway in cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106594. [PMID: 32416456 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a glycoprotein that is expressed on the cell surface of both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. PD-L1 play a role in the immune tolerance and protect self-tissues from immune system attack. Dysfunction of this molecule has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of tumors, autoimmunity, and infectious disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous molecules that are classified as small non-coding RNA with approximately 20-22 nucleotides (nt) length. The function of miRNAs is based on complementary interactions with target mRNA via matching completely or incompletely. The result of this function is decay of the target mRNA or preventing mRNA translation. In the past decades, several miRNAs have been discovered which play an important role in the regulation of PD-L1 in various malignancies. In this review, we discuss the effect of miRNAs on PD-L1 expression and consider the effect of miRNAs on the synthetic pathway of PD-L1, especially during cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadia Sharafkandi
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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19
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Viera GM, Salomao KB, de Sousa GR, Baroni M, Delsin LEA, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS. miRNA signatures in childhood sarcomas and their clinical implications. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1583-1623. [PMID: 30949930 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progresses in multimodal treatments have significantly improved the outcomes for childhood cancer. Nonetheless, for about one-third of patients with Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or osteosarcoma steady remission has remained intangible. Thus, new biomarkers to improve early diagnosis and the development of precision-targeted medicine remain imperative. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in the basic understanding of miRNAs function and in interpreting the contribution of their dysregulation to cancer development and progression. On this basis, this review focuses on what has been learned about the pivotal roles of miRNAs in the regulation of key genes implicated in childhood sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Viera
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - K B Salomao
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - G R de Sousa
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - M Baroni
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - L E A Delsin
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - J A Pezuk
- Anhanguera University of Sao Paulo, UNIAN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - M S Brassesco
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil.
- Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
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20
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Luo H, Vong CT, Chen H, Gao Y, Lyu P, Qiu L, Zhao M, Liu Q, Cheng Z, Zou J, Yao P, Gao C, Wei J, Ung COL, Wang S, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Naturally occurring anti-cancer compounds: shining from Chinese herbal medicine. Chin Med 2019; 14:48. [PMID: 31719837 PMCID: PMC6836491 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous natural products originated from Chinese herbal medicine exhibit anti-cancer activities, including anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic effects, as well as regulate autophagy, reverse multidrug resistance, balance immunity, and enhance chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. To provide new insights into the critical path ahead, we systemically reviewed the most recent advances (reported since 2011) on the key compounds with anti-cancer effects derived from Chinese herbal medicine (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, berberine, artemisinin, ginsenoside Rg3, ursolic acid, silibinin, emodin, triptolide, cucurbitacin B, tanshinone I, oridonin, shikonin, gambogic acid, artesunate, wogonin, β-elemene, and cepharanthine) in scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Clinical Trials). With a broader perspective, we focused on their recently discovered and/or investigated pharmacological effects, novel mechanism of action, relevant clinical studies, and their innovative applications in combined therapy and immunomodulation. In addition, the present review has extended to describe other promising compounds including dihydroartemisinin, ginsenoside Rh2, compound K, cucurbitacins D, E, I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone in view of their potentials in cancer therapy. Up to now, the evidence about the immunomodulatory effects and clinical trials of natural anti-cancer compounds from Chinese herbal medicine is very limited, and further research is needed to monitor their immunoregulatory effects and explore their mechanisms of action as modulators of immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Luo
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peng Lyu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zehua Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peifen Yao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Caifang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jinchao Wei
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
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21
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Li H, Li L, Mei H, Pan G, Wang X, Huang X, Wang T, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Sun L. Antitumor properties of triptolide: phenotype regulation of macrophage differentiation. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 21:178-188. [PMID: 31663424 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1679555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which generally exhibit an M2-like phenotype, play a critical role in tumor development. Triptolide exerts a unique bioactive spectrum of anticancer activities. The aim of this study was to determine whether triptolide has any effect on the activation of TAMs and the production of tumor-promoting mediators. ICR-1 mice with azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced colon tumors and BALB/c mice co-inoculated with 4T1 cells and M2-polarized RAW264.7 cells were used to examine whether the inhibitory effect of triptolide on tumor progression was mediated by the targeting of TAMs. Real-time PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry assays were performed to determine the expression of cell surface markers and cytokine production. The results showed that triptolide inhibited macrophage differentiation toward the M2 phenotype and abolished M2 macrophage-mediated tumor progression. Furthermore, triptolide inhibited the expression of M2 markers, such as CD206, Arginase 1, and CD204, and inhibited the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Thus our study indicated that triptolide selectively inhibited the functions of M2-polarized macrophages and TAMs, and this inhibitory effect of triptolide on TAM viability, differentiation, and cytokine production might elucidate the major mechanisms underlying its antitumor activity. Our findings provide important information for the potential clinical application of triptolide in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Liping Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huifang Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofeng Pan
- Department of TCM, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Xie M, Wu J, Ji L, Jiang X, Zhang J, Ge M, Cai X. Development of Triptolide Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System and Its Anti-tumor Effect on Gastric Cancer Xenografts. Front Oncol 2019; 9:978. [PMID: 31637212 PMCID: PMC6788343 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To develop a triptolide (TP) self-microemulsifying drug delivery system and to investigate its anti-tumor effect on human gastric cancer line MGC80-3 xenografts in nude mice. Methods: The medium chain triglyceride (MCT) was selected as oil phase; polyoxyethylene castor oil (EL) was selected as surfactant, and PEG-400 was selected as cosurfactant. The mass ratio of each phase was optimized by central composite design and response surface methodology to prepare TP-SMEDDS (self-microemulsifying drug delivery system). The quality of TP-SMEDDS was evaluated, and its inhibitory effect on tumor growth investigated in nude mice transplanted with MGC80-3 cells. Results: The final prescription process was defined as follows: MCT mass ratio: 25.3%; EL mass ratio: 49.6%; PEG-400 mass ratio: 25.1%. The prepared TP-SMEDDS was a transparent liquid with a clear appearance (the theoretical particle size: 31.168 nm). On transmission electron microscopy, the microemulsion particles were spherical in size and uniformly distributed without adhesions. The in vitro release experiment showed complete release of the prepared TP-SMEDDS in PBS solution in 6 h. In vivo antitumor activity showed its inhibitory effect in the xenograft model. Conclusion: The self-microemulsifying delivery system improved the oral bioavailability and the in vivo antitumor effect of TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqaing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinjun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Noel P, Von Hoff DD, Saluja AK, Velagapudi M, Borazanci E, Han H. Triptolide and Its Derivatives as Cancer Therapies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:327-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Chen M, Wang JM, Wang D, Wu R, Hou HW. Triptolide inhibits migration and proliferation of fibroblasts from ileocolonic anastomosis of patients with Crohn's disease via regulating the miR‑16‑1/HSP70 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4841-4851. [PMID: 30942423 PMCID: PMC6522880 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anastomotic fibrosis is highly likely to lead to reoperation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. Triptolide (TPL) is considered to have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including CD. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of TPL on fibroblasts from strictured ileocolonic anastomosis of patients with CD and its underlying mechanism. Primary fibroblasts were obtained from strictured anastomosis tissue (SAT) samples and matched anastomosis-adjacent normal tissue (NT) samples which were collected from 10 CD patients who underwent reoperation because of anastomotic stricture. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure miR-16-1 and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels. Western blotting was conducted to determine expression of HSP70, collagen I (Col-I), collagen III (Col-III) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) proteins. Agomir-16-1 and antagomir-16-1 were used to up and downregulate the expression of miR-16-1, respectively. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was employed to inhibit the expression of HSP70. A wound healing assay was performed to measure the migration of fibroblasts. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and 5-bromo-2-deoxyrudidine assays. Cell apoptosis was determined by caspase-3 activity and TUNEL assays. The results demonstrated that the levels of Col-I, Col-III and α-SMA were all significantly upregulated in SAT compared with NT. miR-16-1 levels in the SAT group were significantly compared with the NT group; conversely, the expression levels of HSP70 mRNA and protein in the SAT group were significantly lower compared with the NT group. Next, fibroblasts were treated with TPL to examine its effect on the miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway. The results demonstrated that the elevated expression of miR-16-1 in the SAT group was effectively inhibited by TPL treatment. Compared with the NT group, both the mRNA and protein levels of HSP70 were significantly downregulated in the SAT group cells, while TPL exhibited a strong promoting effect on HSP70 synthesis. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-16-1 reversed the effect of TPL on the miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway in fibroblasts from SAT. Overexpression of miR-16-1 significantly reversed the inhibitory effects of TPL treatment on migration, proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated protein expression of fibroblasts from SAT. Finally, downregulation of miR-16-1 caused similar effects to the fibroblasts as the TPL treatment; however, the inhibitory effects on cell biological functions induced by antagomir-16-1 were all significantly reversed by HSP70 silencing. The present findings indicated that TPL may be a potential therapeutic option for postoperative anastomosis fibrosis of patients with CD. The miR-16-1/HSP70 pathway had a substantial role in the inhibitory effects of TPL on migration, proliferation and ECM synthesis rate of fibroblasts from strictured anastomosis tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Wei Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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25
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Ge S, Zhang H, Deng T, Sun W, Ning T, Fan Q, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Yang H, Ying G, Ba Y. MiR-181a, a new regulator of TGF-β signaling, can promote cell migration and proliferation in gastric cancer. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:923-934. [PMID: 30607520 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in various types of cancer. TGF-β receptor 2 (TGFβR2) contains a kinase domain that phosphorylates and activates the downstream of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Our previous microarray analysis revealed marked changes in miR-181a expression in gastric cancers, and the bioinformatics analysis suggested that miR-181a negatively regulated TGFβR2. In order to verify the effect of miR-181a on TGFβR2 and clarify the influence of miR-181a on the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer, studies in gastric cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse models were carried out. We found that a reduced expression of TGFβR2 and an increased expression miR-181a in gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that TGFβR2 was a target of miR-181a. In addition, we found that miR-181a mimics, which increased the level of miR-181a, downregulated the expression of TGFβR2 in the gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901. Moreover, both the overexpression of miR-181a and the downregulation of TGFβR2 promoted the migration and proliferation of SGC-7901 cells. Conversely, SGC-7901 cell migration and proliferation were inhibited by the downregulation of miR-181a and the overexpression of TGFβR2. Furthermore, the increased expression of miR-181a and the decreased expression of TGFβR2 also enhanced the tumor growth in mice bearing gastric cancer. Our results herein indicated that miR-181a promoted the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer cells by downregulating TGFβR2 at the posttranscriptional level. The present study suggests that miR-181a is a novel negative regulator of TGFβR2 in the TGF-β signaling pathway and thus represents a potential new therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Ge
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wu Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qian Fan
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qiumo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haiou Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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26
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Comprehensive Treatment and Rehabilitation of Patients With Osteosarcoma of the Mandible. IMPLANT DENT 2018; 27:332-341. [PMID: 29652755 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The article studies state-of-the art physical therapeutic techniques as a high degree of relevance to minimize invalidation and improve quality of life for patients with dental osteosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 21 patients with osteogenic sarcoma of mandible (C41.1). There were 10 patients in the experimental group and 11 patients in the control group. RESULTS A comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation program for patients with osteosarcoma of mandible was developed. The first part of the program comprised 3 basic phases: preop chemotherapy, surgery, and postop rehabilitation. The surgical treatment further included resection of an affected part of the mandible and primary repair of the defect with jaw fragments and an autoimplant joined together with the help of positioning devices. The postop rehabilitation included postop chemotherapy and mesodiencephalic modulation (MDM). The second part of the program comprised preop examination, modeling, using stereolytic 3-dimensional models of the mandible, corrective surgeries, including implantation into the autoimplant-a fragment of patient's fibula, and building of a removable titanium alloy-based denture. MDM sessions were administered after each invasive intervention. CONCLUSIONS Higher psychological and physical well-being was observed in the experimental group as compared with the control group (P < 0.01) in 2 weeks after the first surgery and 2 months after scheduled corrective surgeries, which finished in denture installation.
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27
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Gu Y, Yang M, Tang X, Wang T, Yang D, Zhai G, Liu J. Lipid nanoparticles loading triptolide for transdermal delivery: mechanisms of penetration enhancement and transport properties. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:68. [PMID: 30217198 PMCID: PMC6138933 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) including nanostructured lipid carries (NLC) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) captured an increasing amount of attention in the field of transdermal drug delivery system. However, the mechanisms of penetration enhancement and transdermal transport properties of NPs are not fully understood. Therefore, this work applied different platforms to evaluate the interactions between skin and NPs loading triptolide (TPL, TPL-NLC and TPL-SLN). Besides, NPs labeled with fluorescence probe were tracked after administration to investigate the dynamic penetration process in skin and skin cells. In addition, ELISA assay was applied to verify the in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of TPL-NPs. Results Compared with the control group, TPL-NPs could disorder skin structure, increase keratin enthalpy and reduce the SC infrared absorption peak area. Besides, the work found that NPs labeled with fluorescence probe accumulated in hair follicles and distributed throughout the skin after 1 h of administration and were taken into HaCaT cells cytoplasm by transcytosis. Additionally, TPL-NLC could effectively inhibit the expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and MCP-1 in HaCaT cells, while TPL-SLN and TPL solution can only inhibit the expression of IL-6. Conclusions TPL-NLC and TPL-SLN could penetrate into skin in a time-dependent manner and the penetration is done by changing the structure, thermodynamic properties and components of the SC. Furthermore, the significant anti-inflammatory effect of TPL-NPs indicated that nanoparticles containing NLC and SLN could serve as safe prospective agents for transdermal drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People Hosipital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaomeng Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Dishun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Jiyong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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28
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Zhu J, Wang H, Chen F, Lv H, Xu Z, Fu J, Hou Y, Xu Y, Pi J. Triptolide enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy of antitumor drugs in non-small-cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting Nrf2-ARE activity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 358:1-9. [PMID: 30196066 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a high mortality rate worldwide. Various treatments strategies have been used against NSCLC including individualized chemotherapies, but innate or acquired cancer cell drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Recent studies revealed that the Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1/Nrf2) pathway is intimately involved in cancer progression and chemoresistance. Thus, antagonizing Nrf2 would seem to be a viable strategy in cancer therapy. In the present study a traditional Chinese medicine, triptolide, was identified that markedly inhibited expression and transcriptional activity of Nrf2 in various cancer cells, including NSCLC and liver cancer cells. Consequently, triptolide made cancer cells more chemosensitivity toward antitumor drugs both in vitro and in a xenograft tumor model system using lung carcinoma cells. These results suggest that triptolide blocks chemoresistance in cancer cells by targeting the Nrf2 pathway. Triptolide should be further investigated in clinical cancer trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Road, Heping Area, Shenyang, 110001, China; Interventional Department, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No.16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hang Lv
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zijin Xu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yongyong Hou
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New area, Shenyang 110122, China.
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29
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Zhang H, Li H, Liu Z, Ge A, Guo E, Liu S, Chen Z. Triptolide inhibits the proliferation and migration of medulloblastoma Daoy cells by upregulation of microRNA-138. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9866-9877. [PMID: 30156009 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a primitive neuroectodermal-derived brain tumor and the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Triptolide (TPL) is the major active component extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. This study aimed to explore the effects of TPL on medulloblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, as well as the underlying possible molecular mechanism. Viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of Daoy cells were measured using cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, and Guava Nexin assay, respectively. Cell migration was detected using two-chamber transwell assay and wound healing assay. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the relative expression of microRNA-138 (miR-138) in Daoy cells. Cell transfection was used to change the expression of miR-138 in cells. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression of key factors involved in cell apoptosis, cell migration, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase 3 (AKT) pathway, and the Notch pathway in Daoy cells. We found that TPL significantly inhibited the viability, proliferation, and migration of Daoy cells but promoted Daoy cell apoptosis. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 after TPL treatment were decreased. The expression of miR-138 in Daoy cells after TPL treatment was increased. Suppression of miR-138 obviously reversed the TPL-induced Daoy cell proliferation, migration inhibition, and cell apoptosis enhancement, as well as the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways. Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was a direct target gene of miR-138, which might be involved in the antitumor effects of TPL on Daoy cells. In conclusion, our study verified that TPL exerted anticancer effects on medulloblastoma cells possibly via upregulating miR-138 and inactivating the PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ang Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Enyu Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxia Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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30
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Xie L, Yao Z, Zhang Y, Li D, Hu F, Liao Y, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Huang Z, He Z, Han L, Yang Y, Yang Z. Deep RNA sequencing reveals the dynamic regulation of miRNA, lncRNAs, and mRNAs in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:772. [PMID: 29991755 PMCID: PMC6039476 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor, and occurrence of pulmonary metastasis generally causes a rapid and fatal outcome. Here we aimed to provide clues for exploring the mechanism of tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis for OS by comprehensive analysis of microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and mRNA expression in primary OS and OS pulmonary metastasis. In this study, deep sequencing with samples from primary OS (n = 3), pulmonary metastatic OS (n = 3), and normal controls (n = 3) was conducted and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) between primary OS and normal controls as well as pulmonary metastatic and primary OS were identified. A total of 65 DEmiRNAs, 233 DElncRNAs, and 1405 DEmRNAs were obtained between primary OS and normal controls; 48 DEmiRNAs, 50 DElncRNAs, and 307 DEmRNAs were obtained between pulmonary metastatic and primary OS. Then, the target DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs regulated by the same DEmiRNAs were searched and the OS tumorigenesis-related and OS pulmonary metastasis-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed, respectively. Based on these ceRNA networks and Venn diagram analysis, we obtained 3 DEmiRNAs, 15 DElncRNAs, and 100 DEmRNAs, and eight target pairs including miR-223-5p/(CLSTN2, AC009951.1, LINC01705, AC090673.1), miR-378b/(ALX4, IGSF3, SULF1), and miR-323b-3p/TGFBR3 were involved in both tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis of OS. The TGF-β superfamily co-receptor TGFBR3, which is regulated by miR-323b-3p, acts as a tumor suppressor in OS tumorigenesis and acts as a tumor promoter in pulmonary metastatic OS via activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program.In conclusion, the OS transcriptome (miRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA) is dynamically regulated. These analyses might provide new clues to uncover the molecular mechanisms and signaling networks that contribute to OS progression, toward patient-tailored and novel-targeted treatments.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Computational Biology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Osteosarcoma/genetics
- Osteosarcoma/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongqi Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengdi Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Yedan Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeyong Huang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Zewei He
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Han
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Yihao Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China.
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31
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Que WC, Qiu HQ, Cheng Y, Liu MB, Wu CY. PTEN in kidney cancer: A review and meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 480:92-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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32
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Chen SR, Dai Y, Zhao J, Lin L, Wang Y, Wang Y. A Mechanistic Overview of Triptolide and Celastrol, Natural Products from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:104. [PMID: 29491837 PMCID: PMC5817256 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide and celastrol are predominantly active natural products isolated from the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. These compounds exhibit similar pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic activities. Triptolide and celastrol also provide neuroprotection and prevent cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, toxicity restricts the further development of triptolide and celastrol. In this review, we comprehensively review therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action, and translational study of triptolide and celastrol. We systemically discuss the structure-activity-relationship of triptolide, celastrol, and their derivatives. Furthermore, we propose the use of structural derivatives, targeted therapy, and combination treatment as possible solutions to reduce toxicity and increase therapeutic window of these potent natural products from T. wilfordii Hook F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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33
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Yang X, Wang L, Wang Q, Li L, Fu Y, Sun J. MiR-183 inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and invasion by regulating LRP6-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:1197-1203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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34
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Hu XF, He XT, Zhou KX, Zhang C, Zhao WJ, Zhang T, Li JL, Deng JP, Dong YL. The analgesic effects of triptolide in the bone cancer pain rats via inhibiting the upregulation of HDACs in spinal glial cells. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:213. [PMID: 29096654 PMCID: PMC5668986 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone cancer pain (BCP) severely compromises the quality of life, while current treatments are still unsatisfactory. Here, we tested the antinociceptive effects of triptolide (T10), a substance with considerable anti-tumor efficacies on BCP, and investigated the underlying mechanisms targeting the spinal dorsal horn (SDH). Methods Intratibial inoculation of Walker 256 mammary gland carcinoma cells was used to establish a BCP model in rats. T10 was intrathecally injected, and mechanical allodynia was tested by measuring the paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs). In mechanism study, the activation of microglia, astrocytes, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in the SDH were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining or Western blot analysis of Iba-1, GFAP, p-ERK, p-p38, and p-JNK. The expression and cellular localization of histone deacetylases (HDACs) 1 and 2 were also detected to investigate molecular mechanism. Results Intrathecal injection of T10 inhibited the bone cancer-induced mechanical allodynia with an ED50 of 5.874 μg/kg. This effect was still observed 6 days after drug withdrawal. Bone cancer caused significantly increased expression of HDAC1 in spinal microglia and neurons, with HDAC2 markedly increased in spinal astrocytes, which were accompanied by the upregulation of MAPK pathways and the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the SDH. T10 reversed the increase of HDACs, especially those in glial cells, and inhibited the glial activation. Conclusions Our results suggest that the upregulation of HDACs contributes to the pathological activation of spinal glial cells and the chronic pain caused by bone cancer, while T10 help to relieve BCP possibly via inhibiting the upregulation of HDACs in the glial cells in the SDH and then blocking the neuroinflammation induced by glial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fan Hu
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Tao He
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kai-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jin-Lian Li
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jian-Ping Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| | - Yu-Lin Dong
- Department of Human Anatomy & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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