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Raut KK, Pandey S, Kharel G, Pascal SM. Evidence of direct interaction between cisplatin and the caspase-cleaved prostate apoptosis response-4 tumor suppressor. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4867. [PMID: 38093605 PMCID: PMC10868438 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) tumor suppressor protein has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target owing to its unique ability to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells, sensitize them to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and mitigate drug resistance. It has recently been reported that Par-4 interacts synergistically with cisplatin, a widely used anticancer drug. However, the mechanistic details underlying this relationship remain elusive. In this investigation, we employed an array of biophysical techniques, including circular dichroism spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, to characterize the interaction between the active caspase-cleaved Par-4 (cl-Par-4) fragment and cisplatin. Additionally, elemental analysis was conducted to quantitatively assess the binding of cisplatin to the protein, utilizing inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Our findings provide evidence of direct interaction between cl-Par-4 and cisplatin, and reveal a binding stoichiometry of 1:1. This result provides insights that could be useful in enhancing the efficacy of cisplatin-based and tumor suppressor-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K. Raut
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginiaUSA
| | - Samjhana Pandey
- Biomedical Sciences ProgramOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginiaUSA
| | - Gyanendra Kharel
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginiaUSA
| | - Steven M. Pascal
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginiaUSA
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Akinyemi AO, Simpson KE, Oyelere SF, Nur M, Ngule CM, Owoyemi BCD, Ayarick VA, Oyelami FF, Obaleye O, Esoe DP, Liu X, Li Z. Unveiling the dark side of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in cancers and other human pathology: a systematic review. Mol Med 2023; 29:112. [PMID: 37605113 PMCID: PMC10464436 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78) is a chaperone protein that is predominantly expressed in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. GRP78 plays a crucial role in protein folding by assisting in the assembly of misfolded proteins. Under cellular stress conditions, GRP78 can translocate to the cell surface (csGRP78) were it interacts with different ligands to initiate various intracellular pathways. The expression of csGRP78 has been associated with tumor initiation and progression of multiple cancer types. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the existing evidence on the roles of GRP78 in various types of cancer and other human pathology. Additionally, the review discusses the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying GRP78's involvement in tumorigenesis and cancer advancement. Furthermore, we highlight recent innovative approaches employed in downregulating GRP78 expression in cancers as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Nur
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Felix Femi Oyelami
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | | | - Dave-Preston Esoe
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
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Amaresan R, Gopal U. Cell surface GRP78: a potential mechanism of therapeutic resistant tumors. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:100. [PMID: 37221596 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
GRP78 is a protein that acts as a chaperone within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and has multiple functions. It is induced by stress and abets cells from survival. Despite, multiple Stress conditions like ER, chronic psychological and nutritional stress, hypoxia, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and drug resistance induce cell surface GRP78 (CS-GRP78) expression in cancer cells. Further, CS-GRP78 is associated with increased malignancy and resistance to anti-cancer therapies and is considered a high-value druggable target. Recent preclinical research suggests that targeting CS-GRP78 with anti-GRP78 monoclonal antibodies (Mab) in combination with other agents may be effective in reversing the failure of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted therapies and increasing the efficacy of solid tumors treatment. This article will review recent evidence on the role of CS-GRP78 in developing resistance to anti-cancer treatments and the potential benefits of combining anti-GRP78 Mab with other cancer therapies for specific patient populations. Furthermore, our limited understanding of how CS-GRP78 regulated in human studies is a major drawback for designing effective CS-GRP78-targeted therapies. Hence, more research is still warranted to translate these potential therapies into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Amaresan
- Department of Zoology, Auxilium College, Gandhi Nagar, Vellore, 632 006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Udhayakumar Gopal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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Pattarawat P, Hong T, Wallace S, Hu Y, Donnell R, Wang TH, Tsai CL, Wang J, Wang HCR. Compensatory combination of romidepsin with gemcitabine and cisplatin to effectively and safely control urothelial carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:226-239. [PMID: 32390005 PMCID: PMC7374627 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human urothelial carcinoma (UC) has a high tendency to recur and progress to life-threatening advanced diseases. Advanced therapeutic regimens are needed to control UC development and recurrence. METHODS We pursued in vitro and in vivo studies to understand the ability of a triple combination of gemcitabine, romidepsin, and cisplatin (Gem+Rom+Cis) to modulate signalling pathways, cell death, drug resistance, and tumour development. RESULTS Our studies verified the ability of Gem+Rom+Cis to synergistically induce apoptotic cell death and reduce drug resistance in various UC cells. The ERK pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) played essential roles in mediating Gem+Rom+Cis-induced caspase activation, DNA oxidation and damage, glutathione reduction, and unfolded protein response. Gem+Rom+Cis preferentially induced death and reduced drug resistance in oncogenic H-Ras-expressing UC vs. counterpart cells that was associated with transcriptomic profiles related to ROS, cell death, and drug resistance. Our studies also verified the efficacy and safety of the Gem plus Rom+Cis regimen in controlling UC cell-derived xenograft tumour development and resistance. CONCLUSIONS More than 80% of UCs are associated with aberrant Ras-ERK pathway. Thus the compensatory combination of Rom with Gem and Cis should be seriously considered as an advanced regimen for treating advanced UCs, especially Ras-ERK-activated UCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawat Pattarawat
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.,UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Tian Hong
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Shelby Wallace
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Robert Donnell
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Tsai
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hwa-Chain Robert Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. .,UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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Zhao H, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. MicroRNA‑199b promotes cell proliferation and invasion in Wilms' tumour by directly targeting Runt‑related transcription factor 3. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1812-1819. [PMID: 29845298 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to Wilms' tumour (WT) malignant progression. Therefore, identifying the essential miRNAs for WT onset and progression may be a promising therapeutic method for patients with this disease. Dysregulation of miRNA‑199b (miR‑199b) serves significant roles in various types of human cancer. However, its expression patterns, possible functions and associated mechanisms in WT are largely unknown. In the present study, the expression of miR‑199b in WT tissues was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) analysis. The biological functions of miR‑199b overexpression in WT cells were determined using Cell counting kit‑8 and Transwell invasion assays. The mechanisms underlying the action of miR‑199b in WT cells were also investigated using bioinformatics analysis, a luciferase reporter assay, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis. It was revealed that miR‑199b expression was upregulated in WT tissues. In addition, the downregulation of miR‑199b attenuated the proliferation and invasion of WT cells. Runt‑related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) was mechanistically predicted as a potential target of miR‑199b. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that RUNX3 was a direct target gene of miR‑199b in WT. In addition, the downregulation of RUNX3 in the WT tissues was inversely correlated with the miR‑199b expression level. The recovered RUNX3 expression counteracted the oncogenic roles of miR‑199b in WT cells. Therefore miR‑199b may serve as an oncogene in WT progression by directly targeting RUNX3, thereby suggesting that the miR‑199b/RUNX3 axis may be a promising therapeutic target for patients with WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262550, P.R. China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262550, P.R. China
| | - Yongna Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262550, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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