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van den Berg PF, Yousif LI, Markousis-Mavrogenis G, Shi C, Bracun V, Tromp J, de Wit S, Appels Y, Screever EM, Aboumsallem JP, Ouwerkerk W, van Veldhuisen DJ, Silljé HHW, Voors AA, de Boer RA, Meijers WC. Hallmarks of cancer in patients with heart failure: data from BIOSTAT-CHF. CARDIO-ONCOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 10:47. [PMID: 39103886 PMCID: PMC11299300 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-024-00246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within cardio-oncology, emerging epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a bi-directional relationship between heart failure (HF) and cancer. In the current study, we aimed to further explore this relationship and investigate the underlying pathophysiological pathways that connect these two disease entities. METHODS We conducted a post-hoc analysis in which we identified 24 Gene Ontology (GO) processes associated with the hallmarks of cancer based on 92 biomarkers in 1960 patients with HF. We performed Spearman's correlations and Cox-regression analyses to evaluate associations with HF biomarkers, severity and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Out of a total of 24 GO processes, 9 biological processes were significantly associated with adverse clinical outcome. Positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation demonstrated the highest hazard for reaching the clinical endpoint, even after adjusting for confounders: all-cause mortality HR 2.00 (95% CI 1.17-3.42), p = 0.012. In contrast, negative regulation of apoptotic process was consistently associated with a lower hazard of reaching the clinical outcome, even after adjusting for confounders: all-cause mortality HR 0.74 (95% CI 0.59-0.95), p = 0.016. All processes significantly correlated with HF biomarkers, renal function and HF severity. CONCLUSIONS In patients with HF, GO processes associated with hallmarks of cancer are associated with HF biomarkers, severity and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F van den Berg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L I Yousif
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Markousis-Mavrogenis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C Shi
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - V Bracun
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Tromp
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S de Wit
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Y Appels
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E M Screever
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J P Aboumsallem
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W Ouwerkerk
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter C Meijers
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands.
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2
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Magnusson MI, Agnarsson BA, Jonasson JG, Tryggvason T, Aeffner F, le Roux L, Magnusdottir DN, Gunnarsdottir HS, Alexíusdóttir KK, Gunnarsdottir K, Söebech E, Runarsdottir H, Jonsdottir EM, Kristinsdottir BS, Olafsson S, Knutsdottir H, Thorsteinsdottir U, Ulfarsson MO, Gudbjartsson DF, Saemundsdottir J, Magnusson OT, Norddahl GL, Watson JEV, Rafnar T, Lund SH, Stefansson K. Histopathology and levels of proteins in plasma associate with survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1142-1151. [PMID: 37596405 PMCID: PMC10539279 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TNM system is used to assess prognosis after colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Other prognostic factors reported include histopathological assessments of the tumour, tumour mutations and proteins in the blood. As some of these factors are strongly correlated, it is important to evaluate the independent effects they may have on survival. METHODS Tumour samples from 2162 CRC patients were visually assessed for amount of tumour stroma, severity of lymphocytic infiltrate at the tumour margins and the presence of lymphoid follicles. Somatic mutations in the tumour were assessed for 2134 individuals. Pre-surgical levels of 4963 plasma proteins were measured in 128 individuals. The associations between these features and prognosis were inspected by a Cox Proportional Hazards Model (CPH). RESULTS Levels of stroma, lymphocytic infiltration and presence of lymphoid follicles all associate with prognosis, along with high tumour mutation burden, high microsatellite instability and TP53 and BRAF mutations. The somatic mutations are correlated with the histopathology and none of the somatic mutations associate with survival in a multivariate analysis. Amount of stroma and lymphocytic infiltration associate with local invasion of tumours. Elevated levels of two plasma proteins, CA-125 and PPP1R1A, associate with a worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Tumour stroma and lymphocytic infiltration variables are strongly associated with prognosis of CRC and capture the prognostic effects of tumour mutation status. CA-125 and PPP1R1A may be useful prognostic biomarkers in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus I Magnusson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bjarni A Agnarsson
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jon G Jonasson
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thordur Tryggvason
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erna M Jonsdottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Magnus O Ulfarsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sigrun H Lund
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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Sumiya R, Yamada K, Hagiwara T, Nagasaka S, Miyazaki H, Igari T, Kawamura YI. Kallikrein-related peptidase 13 expression and clinicopathological features in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2023; 19:64. [PMID: 37559880 PMCID: PMC10407464 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2023.2660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is associated with poor prognosis. Molecular targeting drugs have been demonstrated to be effective for lung adenocarcinoma; however, they are often not effective for LSCC. Kallikrein-related peptidase 13 (KLK13) expression enhances the malignancy of lung adenocarcinoma; however, its expression and crucial role in LSCC remain largely unknown. The present study examined the relationship between the KLK13 expression and clinicopathological features of LSCC. A total of 94 patients diagnosed with LSCC who underwent lobectomy, segmentectomy or wedge resection were selected. KLK13 expression was evaluated through immunostaining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of surgical specimens. Of the 94 LSCC samples, 70 exhibited no KLK13 expression, while the remaining 24 exhibited ectopic expression. KLK13 expression in tumors was focal and restricted to the cytoplasm of keratinized cells. LSCC cases were classified into KLK13-negative and KLK13-positive groups, and KLK13 expression was positively associated with E-cadherin expression (P=0.0143). Associations between KLK13 expression and keratinization (P=0.0052) or absence of lymphatic vessel invasion (P=0.0603) were observed; however, these trends did not reach statistical significance. The present findings indicated that KLK13 expression in keratinized LSCC may have a protective role in lymphatic vessel invasion of LSCC, which suggests its significance for therapeutic applications against LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Sumiya
- Communal Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamada
- Department of Surgery, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Teruki Hagiwara
- Communal Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagasaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hideki Miyazaki
- Pathology Division of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Toru Igari
- Pathology Division of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yuki I. Kawamura
- Communal Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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Mohd Yunos RI, Ab Mutalib NS, Khoo JS, Saidin S, Ishak M, Syafruddin SE, Tieng FYF, Md Yusof NF, Abd Razak MR, Mahamad Nadzir N, Abu N, Rose IM, Sagap I, Mazlan L, Jamal R. Whole genome sequencing of Malaysian colorectal cancer patients reveals specific druggable somatic mutations. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:997747. [PMID: 36866106 PMCID: PMC9972984 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.997747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidences of colorectal cancer (CRC) are continuously increasing in some areas of the world, including Malaysia. In this study, we aimed to characterize the landscape of somatic mutations using the whole-genome sequencing approach and identify druggable somatic mutations specific to Malaysian patients. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on the genomic DNA obtained from 50 Malaysian CRC patients' tissues. We discovered the top significantly mutated genes were APC, TP53, KRAS, TCF7L2 and ACVR2A. Four novel, non-synonymous variants were identified in three genes, which were KDM4E, MUC16 and POTED. At least one druggable somatic alteration was identified in 88% of our patients. Among them were two frameshift mutations in RNF43 (G156fs and P192fs) predicted to have responsive effects against the Wnt pathway inhibitor. We found that the exogenous expression of this RNF43 mutation in CRC cells resulted in increased cell proliferation and sensitivity against LGK974 drug treatment and G1 cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, this study uncovered our local CRC patients' genomic landscape and druggable alterations. It also highlighted the role of specific RNF43 frameshift mutations, which unveil the potential of an alternative treatment targeting the Wnt/β-Catenin signalling pathway and could be beneficial, especially to Malaysian CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib, ; Rahman Jamal,
| | | | - Sazuita Saidin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhiddin Ishak
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Isa Md Rose
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Sagap
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Luqman Mazlan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib, ; Rahman Jamal,
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Björkman K, Mustonen H, Kaprio T, Kekki H, Pettersson K, Haglund C, Böckelman C. CA125: A superior prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer compared to CEA, CA19-9 or CA242. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:57-70. [PMID: 33935125 DOI: 10.3233/tub-200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The tumor stage represents the single most important prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), although more accurate prognostics remain much needed. Previously, we identified CA125 as an independent significant prognostic factor, which we have further validated along with CEA, CA19-9, and CA242 in a large cohort of CRC patients. METHODS Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we analyzed preoperative serum samples in 322 CRC patients operated on between 1998 and 2003. RESULTS Using the Spearman's rho model, we calculated the correlation between our previous findings on MUC16 and CA125, for which the correlation coefficient was 0.808 (p < 0.001). The Cox regression analysis of the linear and logarithmic values of CEA, CA125, CA242, and CA19-9 identified only CA125 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.02-1.04; p < 0.001) as significant when using the linear values. Survival among CRC patients with a high CA125 level was poor compared with CRC patients with a low CA125 level (HR 2.48; 95% CI 1.68-3.65; p < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, patients with high CA125 levels and aged ≤67 or >67, with stage I-II or III-IV, and both colon and rectal cancer exhibited poor prognoses. In the multivariate analysis, we used clinical pathological variables in the model, where age, gender, and stage served as the background characteristics. We dichotomized CA125 using the Youden maximal cutoff point, and the median values for CEA, CA19-9, and CA242. CA125 emerged as the only marker remaining significant and independent together with stage, location, and age (HR 1.91; 95% CI 1.24-2.95; p 0.003). CONCLUSIONS CA125 represents a significant and independent prognostic factor in CRC patients, superior to CEA. Furthermore, CA242 served as a better prognostic marker than both CEA and CA19-9. We recommend including both CA125 and CA242 in prognostic clinical trials among CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Björkman
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kaprio
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henna Kekki
- MediCity and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Kim Pettersson
- MediCity and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camilla Böckelman
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Mucin expression, epigenetic regulation and patient survival: A toolkit of prognostic biomarkers in epithelial cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188538. [PMID: 33862149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Twenty mucin genes have been identified and classified in two groups (encoding secreted and membrane-bound proteins). Secreted mucins participate in mucus formation by assembling a 3-dimensional network via oligomerization, whereas membrane-bound mucins are anchored to the outer membrane mediating extracellular interactions and cell signaling. Both groups have been associated with carcinogenesis progression in epithelial cancers, and are therefore considered as potential therapeutic targets. In the present review, we discuss the link between mucin expression patterns and patient survival and propose mucins as prognosis biomarkers of epithelial cancers (esophagus, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, lung, breast or ovarian cancers). We also investigate the relationship between mucin expression and overall survival in the TCGA dataset. In particular, epigenetic mechanisms regulating mucin gene expression, such as aberrant DNA methylation and histone modification, are interesting as they are also associated with diagnosis or prognosis significance. Indeed, mucin hypomethylation has been shown to be associated with carcinogenesis progression and was linked to prognosis in colon cancer or pancreatic cancer patients. Finally we describe the relationship between mucin expression and non-coding RNAs that also may serve as biomarkers. Altogether the concomitant knowledge of specific mucin-pattern expression and epigenetic regulation could be translated as biomarkers with a better specificity/sensitivity performance in several epithelial cancers.
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Identification of candidate genes encoding tumor-specific neoantigens in early- and late-stage colon adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4024-4044. [PMID: 33428592 PMCID: PMC7906157 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignant tumors and is characterized by a high mortality rate. Here, we integrated whole-exome and RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and investigated the mutational spectra of COAD-overexpressed genes to define clinically relevant diagnostic/prognostic signatures and to unmask functional relationships with both tumor-infiltrating immune cells and regulatory miRNAs. We identified 24 recurrently mutated genes (frequency > 5%) encoding putative COAD-specific neoantigens. Five of them (NEB, DNAH2, ABCA12, CENPF and CELSR1) had not been previously reported as COAD biomarkers. Through machine learning-based feature selection, four early-stage-related (COL11A1, TG, SOX9, and DNAH2) and four late-stage-related (COL11A1, SOX9, TG and BRCA2) candidate neoantigen-encoding genes were selected as diagnostic signatures. They respectively showed 100% and 97% accuracy in predicting early- and late-stage patients, and an 8-gene signature had excellent prognostic performance predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in COAD patients. We also found significant correlations between the 24 candidate neoantigen genes and the abundance and/or activation status of 22 tumor-infiltrating immune cell types and 56 regulatory miRNAs. Our novel neoantigen-based signatures may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy and help design targeted immunotherapies for COAD treatment.
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De Renzi G, Gaballo G, Gazzaniga P, Nicolazzo C. Molecular Biomarkers according to Primary Tumor Location in Colorectal Cancer: Current Standard and New Insights. Oncology 2020; 99:135-143. [PMID: 33130682 DOI: 10.1159/000510944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
According to the 2018 GLOBOCAN database, colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies and leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. During the last decades, considerable progress has been made in understanding the complex pathogenetic mechanisms involved in this neoplastic disease. Due to the need to improve treatment responses and clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer patients, the identification of new molecular biomarkers became a crucial spot in clinical oncology. As biological indicators of a specific pathological or physiological process, molecular markers play a central role in cancer detection, diagnosis, outcome prediction, and treatment choice. Considering the existing evidence that malignancies originating from distinct colonic regions behave differently, it is clear that specific biomarkers can be associated to right- or left-sided colon carcinomas, reflecting the distinct molecular signatures of these different tumor entities. The aim of this review is to summarize the main differences among tumors arising from proximal and distal colon in terms of current and emerging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi De Renzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cancer Liquid Biopsy Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Gaballo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cancer Liquid Biopsy Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Gazzaniga
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cancer Liquid Biopsy Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Nicolazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cancer Liquid Biopsy Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,
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