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Graham DA, King D, Clegg TA, O'Neill RG. Investigation of the potential for sera from cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus to generate false-negative antibody ELISA results in pooled serum from seropositive and seronegative cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:284-288. [PMID: 30734651 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719830457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential for viremic sera from cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus to create false-negative antibody results when testing pools of 10 sera by indirect or blocking ELISAs. Seronegative viremic sera ( n = 23) were each added to a series of artificially constructed pools containing various percentages (0-90%) of antibody-positive sera, and the resulting pools were assayed for antibody. In all 23 cases, a negative antibody result was obtained in the pool containing no seropositive sera. In contrast, all pools containing ≥10% seropositive serum, representing a single seropositive animal in a pool of 10 samples, returned a positive result in both antibody ELISAs. We concluded that the likelihood of a false-negative antibody result occurring as a result of the presence of serum from a viremic animal was low, and therefore did not preclude the use of pooled sera for serosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Graham
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick-on-Shannon, County Leitrim, Ireland (Graham, King).,Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Clegg).,Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston, Celbridge, County Kildare, Ireland (O'Neill)
| | - Deirdre King
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick-on-Shannon, County Leitrim, Ireland (Graham, King).,Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Clegg).,Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston, Celbridge, County Kildare, Ireland (O'Neill)
| | - Tracy A Clegg
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick-on-Shannon, County Leitrim, Ireland (Graham, King).,Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Clegg).,Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston, Celbridge, County Kildare, Ireland (O'Neill)
| | - Ronan G O'Neill
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick-on-Shannon, County Leitrim, Ireland (Graham, King).,Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Clegg).,Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston, Celbridge, County Kildare, Ireland (O'Neill)
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Han JH, Weir AM, Weston JF, Heuer C, Gates MC. Elimination of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in New Zealand: a review of research progress and future directions. N Z Vet J 2018; 66:273-280. [PMID: 30091684 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2018.1509030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The major impacts of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) on cattle health and production have prompted many countries to embark on national elimination programmes. These programmes typically involve identifying and removing persistently infected (PI) cattle in infected herds and implementing biosecurity measures, such as pre- or post-movement testing. In order to design a systematic national control programme to eliminate BVD in New Zealand, which achieves the greatest benefits to the industries at the lowest cost to individual farmers, an accurate understanding is necessary of the epidemiology, economics and social motivation for BVD control in New Zealand. In this article we briefly review the pathogenesis of BVD, transmission and diagnosis of BVD virus infection, and effectiveness of vaccination. We summarise the current state of knowledge of the prevalence, risk factors for transmission, and financial impacts of BVD in New Zealand. We describe control programmes in Europe and then discuss the challenges that must be addressed to design a cost-effective national control programme to eliminate BVD in New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Han
- a EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - A M Weir
- b Eltham District Veterinary Services , PO Box 24, Eltham , New Zealand
| | - J F Weston
- c School of Veterinary Science, Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - C Heuer
- a EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - M C Gates
- a EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
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Lanyon SR, Hill FI, Reichel MP, Brownlie J. Bovine viral diarrhoea: Pathogenesis and diagnosis. Vet J 2014; 199:201-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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