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Reed RA, Carroll AT, Moorman VJ. Nasotracheal intubation in a goat with a congenital mandibular malformation. Vet Anaesth Analg 2024:S1467-2987(24)00089-8. [PMID: 38906737 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Reed
- University of Georgia Department of Large Animal Medicine, Athens, GA, United States.
| | - Anna T Carroll
- University of Georgia Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Valerie J Moorman
- University of Georgia Department of Large Animal Medicine, Athens, GA, United States
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2
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Guo X, Guo Z, Bai P, Guo C, Liu X, Zhu K, Li X, Zhao Y. GPR168 functions as a tumor suppressor in mouse melanoma by restraining Akt signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302061. [PMID: 38805406 PMCID: PMC11132440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a malignant tumor associated with high mortality rates and propensity for metastasis. Despite advancement in treatment, the incidence of MM continue to rise globally. GPR168, also known as MrgprF, is a MAS related GPR family member. The low expression of GPR168 has also been reported in many malignant tumors including MM. In the study, the statistical analysis from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed a significant down regulation of GPR168 in melanoma compared to normal melanocytes, underscoring its importance in MM. The aim of the present study is to investigate the affect of GPR168 overexpression and elucidate its molecular mechanisms in MM cells. In addition, we used mouse melanoma B16-F10 cell line and xenograph tumor model to explore the function of GPR168 in melanoma. Our findings demonstrate that GPR168 overexpression could inhibit B16-F10 cell proliferation, migration, and xenografts tumor growth. Further, mechanistic studies revealed that GPR168 affected B16-F10 progress through Akt signal pathway with the decreased expression of p-Akt, p-GSK-3β, β-catenin, Myc, CyclinD1 and CDK4. In order to validate these findings, a rescue experiment was formulated employing GPR168 polyclonal antibody (Anti-GPR168 pAbs) to block GPR168 functionality. The addition of Anti-GPR168 pAbs into the culture medium restored both cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, the overexpression of GPR168 in mouse melanoma B16-F10 cells suppressed proliferation and migration through the Akt signaling pathway. These findings collectively propose GPR168 as a promising novel tumor suppressor in MM, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target in future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Guo
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongliang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peirong Bai
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Xuewei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, China
| | - Kaiyi Zhu
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiyan Zhao
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Plüss J, Franzen J, Origgi FC, Marchionatti E. Metastatic cornual melanoma in a Valesian copperneck goat. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Plüss
- Clinic for Ruminants Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Jan Franzen
- Vetsuisse Faculty Institute of Animal Pathology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Francesco C. Origgi
- Vetsuisse Faculty Institute of Animal Pathology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Emma Marchionatti
- Clinic for Ruminants Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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Conceição A, Cajueiro J, Mendonça C, Souza M, Afonso J, Oliveira J, Santos R, Arenales A. Metastatic melanoma in a Saanen goat: clinical, ultrasonographic and anatomopathological aspects - case report. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT This report describes clinical, ultrasonographic and anatomopathological findings in a case of metastatic melanoma in an adult Saanen goat. Clinically, the goat had apathy, an intra-abdominal palpable firm structure, and exophytic keratinized areas on the skin of the udder. Ultrasound revealed non-encapsulated oval structures, with heterogeneous echogenicity and marked central and peripheral vascularization, and hypoechoic hepatic multifocal to coalescent areas. In the udder, there were non-encapsulated oval structures with heterogeneous echogenicity and hyperechoic center surrounded by hypoechogenic tissue. Grossly, there were black multifocal to coalescent areas in the liver, as well as black nodules in mammary and mesenteric lymph nodes, uterus, spleen, and myocardium. Microscopically, multifocal melanocytic neoplastic proliferation was observed in the dermis and junction of the udder epidermis. Most of the neoplastic cells had cytoplasmic granules of melanin. In the liver there were areas of neoplastic tissue compressing the adjacent parenchyma, with central foci of necrosis, mild desmoplasia, and multifocal infiltration of malignant cells into the adjacent tissues. Similar findings were observed in the mammary and mesenteric lymph nodes, uterus, spleen, and myocardium, which characterized metastatic melanoma. Ultrasonography played a key role for establishing the diagnosis of a metastatic melanoma and helped establish a proper clinical management protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M.I. Souza
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - R.L. Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A. Arenales
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
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van der Weyden L, Brenn T, Patton EE, Wood GA, Adams DJ. Spontaneously occurring melanoma in animals and their relevance to human melanoma. J Pathol 2020; 252:4-21. [PMID: 32652526 PMCID: PMC7497193 DOI: 10.1002/path.5505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to other cancer types, melanoma incidence has been increasing over the last 50 years, and while it still represents less than 5% of all cutaneous malignancies, melanoma accounts for the majority of skin cancer deaths, due to its propensity to metastasise. Whilst melanoma most commonly affects the skin, it can also arise in mucosal surfaces, the eye, and the brain. For new therapies to be developed, a better understanding of the genetic landscape, signalling pathways, and tumour–microenvironmental interactions is needed. This is where animal models are of critical importance. The mouse is the foremost used model of human melanoma. Arguably this is due to its plethora of benefits as a laboratory animal; however, it is important to note that unlike humans, melanocytes are not present at the dermal–epidermal junction in mice and mice do not develop melanoma without genetic manipulation. In contrast, there are numerous reports of animals that spontaneously develop melanoma, ranging from sharks and parrots to hippos and monkeys. In addition, several domesticated and laboratory‐bred animals spontaneously develop melanoma or UV‐induced melanoma, specifically, fish, opossums, pigs, horses, cats, and dogs. In this review, we look at spontaneously occurring animal ‘models’ of melanoma and discuss their relevance to the different types of melanoma found in humans. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Brenn
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AL, Canada
| | - E Elizabeth Patton
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, The MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Geoffrey A Wood
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David J Adams
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
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El-Shafaey E, Hamed MF. Uveal Melanoma in an Aradi Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus). J Comp Pathol 2020; 177:5-9. [PMID: 32505240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A 6-year-old Aradi goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) was admitted with glaucoma of the left eye. Blood clots and a yellow exudate covered the cornea and sclera. Ocular examination found glaucoma, exophthalmos and a distorted iris. Because of the blindness and pain, surgical enucleation of the left eye was performed. Gross examination through the mid-sagittal section of the enucleated globe revealed a pigmented mass occupying the anterior chamber. It had invaded the peripheral cornea and extended to the dorsal iris. Histologically, the mass was composed of pleomorphic, epithelioid neoplastic cells with high-grade cellular atypia. Scattered cells contained brown-black pigment. Bleached sections demonstrated 6-7 mitoses per 10 high-power fields and the cornea displayed squamous metaplasia resembling that of skin. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive immunoreactivity of the tumour cells for vimentin, S100 and melan-A, confirming the diagnosis of uveal melanoma. This finding should be included in the differential diagnosis of ocular tumours causing glaucoma in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- E El-Shafaey
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt; Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.
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Hughes KL, Bildfell RJ, Alcantar B. Pigmented tumors in fallow deer ( Dama dama): 11 cases. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:483-488. [PMID: 28467283 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717707789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigmented tumors have been reported infrequently in captive deer. We document herein the clinical progression and gross and histopathologic features of pigmented tumors diagnosed as melanoma and pigmented schwannoma in 11 white fallow deer ( Dama dama). Affected animals were part of a captive herd maintained at a drive-through park in southern Oregon and were 5-17 y of age during the study period (2004-2013). Primary lesion locations included periocular, perineal, and neck tissues, with cutaneous and internal metastases later identified at autopsy in some cases of malignant melanoma. Diagnoses included 7 malignant melanomas, 2 benign melanomas, and 2 pigmented schwannomas. Diagnosis of melanoma was based on typical histomorphologic features, and final diagnosis of pigmented schwannomas was based on histomorphologic features with negative staining for melan A and positive staining for laminin. Metastasis was found in 3 of 7 cases diagnosed as malignant melanoma; 2 had extensive pulmonary involvement and resulted in euthanasia of the animal; 1 animal developed eyelid and ear lesions that also resulted in euthanasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Hughes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado (Hughes).,Oregon State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon (Bildfell).,Wildlife Safari, Winston, Oregon (Alcantar)
| | - Rob J Bildfell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado (Hughes).,Oregon State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon (Bildfell).,Wildlife Safari, Winston, Oregon (Alcantar)
| | - Benjamin Alcantar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado (Hughes).,Oregon State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon (Bildfell).,Wildlife Safari, Winston, Oregon (Alcantar)
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Mignacca S, Capucchio M, Biasibetti E, Guarneri G, Milone S, Marchisotta A, Amato B, Di Marco Lo Presti V. Three cases of melanoma in small ruminants: Clinical symptoms and pathological results. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Ozyildiz Z, Ceylan C, Yilmaz R, Ozsoy SY. Immunohistochemical characterization of perineal melanoma in Kilis goats. Biotech Histochem 2012; 87:408-12. [PMID: 22519426 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2012.679366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of the malignant melanomas in the perineal regions of Kilis goats from Sanliurfa province in Turkey. We studied 13 female Kilis goats between 3 and 8 years old that were brought to Harran University Veterinary School, Department of Surgery, between 2002 and 2010. By macroscopic examination, the masses were determined to have elastic consistency, dark brown-black color, necrotic surfaces and ulceration. Microscopically, pleomorphic cells were observed under the basal layer and these advanced toward the dermis. These cells were polyhedral, round or spindle-shaped, anaplastic, and their cytoplasm contained varying amounts of dark brown-black pigments. Immunohistochemical staining was obtained with anti-melan A, vimentin and S100 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ozyildiz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Harran, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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