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Dankaona W, Nooroong P, Poolsawat N, Piewbang C, Techangamsuwan S, Anuracpreeda P. Recombinant expression and characterization of Canine circovirus capsid protein for diagnosis. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1363524. [PMID: 38659451 PMCID: PMC11040689 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1363524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine circovirus (CanineCV) is a contagious virus that causes severe gastroenteritis, diarrhea, respiratory disease, and vasculitis, often resulting in fatality among infected dogs. In this study, a recombinant Capsid protein (rCap) of CanineCV was expressed in the Escherichia coli (E. coli) Rosetta (DE3) pLysS host cell, followed by affinity purification, and then analyzed by SDS-PAGE, revealing a molecular weight of approximately 31 kDa. The antigenicity of the CanineCV rCap protein was confirmed through recognition by a rabbit anti-CanineCV rCap protein polyclonal antibody (PoAb). Additionally, the reactivity and specificity of this PoAb were assessed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis before applying in an immunohistochemistry (IHC), namely, immunoperoxidase detection. The immunoperoxidase assay using rabbit anti-CanineCV rCap protein PoAb demonstrated that the CanineCV Cap protein was predominantly located in immune cells, especially lymphocytes and macrophages, within the spleen, lung, tracheobronchial lymph nodes, small intestine, and kidney. Similarly, the Cap protein was also found in pneumocytes in the lung and renal tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. These findings reflected the biological activity and cell tropism of the virus. Therefore, the recombinant Cap protein and its PoAb could be used for the development of a valuable diagnostic tool for CanineCV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wichan Dankaona
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Pornpiroon Nooroong
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Napassorn Poolsawat
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chutchai Piewbang
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somporn Techangamsuwan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panat Anuracpreeda
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Mu Y, Jia C, Zheng X, Zhu H, Zhang X, Xu H, Liu B, Zhao Q, Zhou EM. A nanobody-horseradish peroxidase fusion protein-based competitive ELISA for rapid detection of antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:34. [PMID: 33526021 PMCID: PMC7852356 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The widespread popularity of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2) has seriously affected the healthy development of the pig industry and caused huge economic losses worldwide. A rapid and reliable method is required for epidemiological investigation and evaluating the effect of immunization. However, the current methods for PCV2 antibody detection are time-consuming or very expensive and rarely meet the requirements for clinical application. we have constructed the platform for expressing the nanobody(Nb)‑horseradish peroxidase(HRP) fusion protein as an ultrasensitive probe to detect antibodies against the Newcastle disease virus(NDV), previously. In the present work, an Nb-HRP fusion protein-based competitive ELISA(cELISA) for rapid and simple detection antibodies against PCV2 was developed using this platform to detect anti-PCV2 antibodies in clinical porcine serum. Results Using phage display technology, 19 anti-PCV2-Cap protein nanobodies were screened from a PCV2-Cap protein immunized Bactrian camel. With the platform, the PCV2-Nb15‑HRP fusion protein was then produced and used as a sensitive reagent for developing a cELISA to detect anti‑PCV2 antibodies. The cut‑off value of the cELISA is 20.72 %. Three hundreds and sixty porcine serum samples were tested by both newly developed cELISA and commercial kits. The sensitivity and specificity were 99.68 % and 95.92 %, respectively. The coincidence rate of the two methods was 99.17 %. When detecting 620 clinical porcine serum samples, a good consistent (kappa value = 0.954) was found between the results of the cELISA and those of commercial kits. Conclusions In brief, the newly developed cELISA based PCV2-Nb15‑HRP fusion protein is a rapid, low-cost, reliable and useful nanobody-based tool for the serological evaluation of current PCV2 vaccine efficacy and the indirect diagnosis of PCV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Mu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China. .,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Cunyu Jia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Haipeng Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Baoyuan Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - En-Min Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China. .,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Wang Z, Shi Y, Wang Y, Zhao L, Cui X, Wen S, Liu H, Cui W, Chen H, Ge J. Detection of Antibodies Against Canine Circovirus in Naturally and Experimentally Infected Canines by Recombinant Capsid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:294. [PMID: 32548131 PMCID: PMC7270207 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine circovirus (CanineCV), a new pathogen, was found to be associated with canine hemorrhagic diarrhea, vasculitis, granulomatous lymphadenitis, and acute gastroenteritis. Although CanineCV was highly positive rate in diarrhea cases, its pathogenicity remains controversial. In this study, the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of CanineCV infection among domestic dogs in northeastern China was investigated by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on recombinant capsid protein. Results revealed the proposed iELISA had no cross-reactivity with other related pathogens, and yielded good diagnostic values. Then, to evaluate the rCap iELISA, this study applied it to detect antibodies against CanineCV in 1,047 clinical serum samples obtained from northeastern China in 2016–2017. Results showed the positive rates in the five cities of Jilin, Liaoning, and Heilongjiang provinces ranged from 22.22 to 42.29%. Statistical analysis shows a significant difference in age between dogs <3 months old with respect to the >1-year-old dogs (p = 0.005), that is, the CanineCV infection was more frequently identified from older dogs. In the artificially infected experiment, the dogs developed seroconversion after 9 or 12 days and the main way of virus excretion was through feces. More interestingly, among the 32 ELISA-positive serum samples, 34.75% samples tested positive for the CanineCV DNA by qPCR, far higher than that in ELISA-negative serum samples (5.26%, 2/38). This report is the first to demonstrate that CanineCV infection is common in the dog population in northeastern China. The results showed obvious differences in the positive rate associated with diarrhea, age, but not with different cities. This study also provide basis for evaluating the pathogenic potential of CanineCV. But, the pathogenicity, the relationship between antibody level and immune protection, and the harmful effects of this virus remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunjia Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xingyang Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Junwei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China
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Burbelo PD, Ragheb JA, Kapoor A, Zhang Y. The serological evidence in humans supports a negligible risk of zoonotic infection from porcine circovirus type 2. Biologicals 2013; 41:430-4. [PMID: 24120888 PMCID: PMC3838456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There are two porcine circovirus (PCV) genotypes, PCV-1 and PCV-2. In pigs, PCV-1 infection is asymptomatic but PCV-2 infection can cause severe respiratory disease and other pathology. Although humans ingest PCV-contaminated foods and are exposed to PCV through other sources, the potential of PCV-2 as a zoonotic agent in humans and other species has not been fully explored. Here, four recombinant proteins derived from the PCV-2 capsid gene were examined as antigens using the Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System (LIPS) assay for serological analysis of PCV-2 infection. PCV-2-CAP-Δ1 was the optimum recombinant protein in the LIPS assay with a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 100% using porcine samples. Testing of healthy human blood donors, equine and bovine serum samples failed to demonstrate the presence of anti-PCV-2 antibodies. Additionally, analysis of two high-risk human groups, cystic fibrosis patients taking porcine derived oral supplements and type I diabetes patients who had undergone porcine islet cell transplantation, showed no evidence of anti-PCV-2 antibodies. These results extend the extensively demonstrated use of LIPS as a robust approach for identifying humoral responses and provide evidence that PCV-2 is likely not infectious in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Burbelo
- Clinical Dental Research Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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