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Thaikoed S, Mitsuwan W, Chaisiri K, Tanthanathipchai N, de Lourdes Pereira M, Paul AK, Nissapatorn V, Saengsawang P. The infection of Cysticercus fasciolaris in natural rats (Rattus species) residing in human residence areas, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 107:102152. [PMID: 38447382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cysticercus fasciolaris (C. fasciolaris) is the larval stage of a cestode parasite named Taenia taeniaeformis (T. taeniaeformis). C. fasiolaris is found in small rodents, especially rats. Rattus species are listed as intermediate hosts of this parasite, and cats are the main definitive host of C. fasiolaris. The objective of this study was to study the pathological, microscopic, and molecular aspects of C. fasciolaris in rodents residing in human residence areas. One hundred and two rodents were trapped in human settlements and dissected for larva-containing cyst examinations in the body cavity. The larvae of C. fasciolaris were investigated using histopathological examination, microscopic observations under a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope, and molecular detection using polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of hepatic cysts containing larvae was 8.91% (95% CI = 4.16-16.24). In addition, the older larvae also had longer micropapillae. Histopathological investigation revealed normal hepatic tissue containing larvae and a scanty fluid cyst. The cyst capsule contains mostly mononuclear cells and spindle cells in all infected rats. The molecular detection using two primer sets revealed the amplicons were similar to the clade of C. fasciolaris. In the future, more investigation is necessary to fully understand the parasite's molecular pathogenesis and virulent molecules, which are less obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunsaneeya Thaikoed
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; One Health Research Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Kittipong Chaisiri
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Alok K Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Phirabhat Saengsawang
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; One Health Research Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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Echchakery M, Boumezzough A, Hafidi M, Boussaa S. Histopathological and morphological characterization of Cysticercus fasciolaris isolated from domestic and wild rodents in Morocco. Exp Parasitol 2024; 259:108726. [PMID: 38428664 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cysticercus fasciolaris is a parasitic helminth that usually infects feline and canine mammal hosts. The intermediate hosts (rodents, occasionally lagomorphs, and humans) get infected by the consumption of feed or water contaminated with eggs. Rodents are vectors of disease and reservoirs of various zoonotic parasites. The current survey was aimed at determining endoparasitic helminth infections in rodents in central Morocco. Sampled rodents after specific identification were sacrificed and examined to identify parasitic helminths following ethical guidelines. Parasites were identified using morphological characteristics. A total of 197 specimens of rodents were collected and examined in this study. Ten rodent species were identified morphologically as Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Apodemus sylvaticus, Mus musculus, M. spretus, Mastomys erythroleucus, Meriones shawi, M. libycus, Gerbillus campestris, and Lemniscomys barbarus. The parasitological results showed that metacestode of tapeworms was found encysted in the liver, the larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis develops large multinodular fibrosarcomas which envelope the tapeworm cysts in the liver of the R. rattus and R. norvegicus. Based on morphological data, the metacestode was identified as C. fasciolaris in 23 (23/80) R. rattus 2 (2/8) and R. norvegicus with a prevalence of 11.7 % and 1.0 %, respectively. Rodents are major vectors of human and domestic animal diseases worldwide, and therefore, important parasitic zoonotic agents (C. fasciolaris), which are transmitted by black rats (R. rattus) and brown rats (R. norvegicus), must be considered to prevent the infectivity of humans, domestic animals, and livestock such as cattle, sheep, and rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Echchakery
- Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Sciences and Health Technologies, Epidemiology and Biomedical Unit, 26000, Settat, Morocco; Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Ali Boumezzough
- Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Hafidi
- Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Samia Boussaa
- Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco; ISPITS- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, 10000, Rabat, Morocco.
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Younis AE, Saad AI, El-Akhal IRM, Saleh NMK. A parasitological survey of zoonotic cestodes carried by house rats in Aswan, Egypt, reveals cryptic diversity at the molecular level. Vet World 2021; 14:2160-2169. [PMID: 34566335 PMCID: PMC8448621 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2160-2169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Some rat cestodes are zoonotic and are capable of parasitizing humans and animals, raising serious concerns regarding human and veterinary health. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for cestodes in Egyptian house rats and to characterize the cestodes molecularly. Materials and Methods: The current survey examined 115 house rats (Rattus rattus) in two cities (Edfu and Aswan) in Egypt’s Aswan Governorate for cestode infection using integrated molecular approaches (polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis) and morphological/morphometrical approaches. Results: The cestodes identified in this study exhibited the typical morphological characteristics of Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi, 1819), Hymenolepis nana (Siebold, 1852) (from rat intestine), and Hydatigera taeniaeformis (from rat liver). The species prevalence rates from these three studies were reported to be 8.7%, 10.4%, and 20.9%, respectively. The ribosomal DNA (ITS1, 18S, and complete ITS) sequences revealed that the hymenolepid sequences were highly distinct but were related to other sequences in the GenBank database, with some sequences showing high similarities to those of H. nana and H. diminuta. In addition, the H. taeniaeformis sequences (ITS2 and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 [mtCOX1]) obtained in this study were highly similar to some Taenia taeniaeformis GenBank sequences. The constructed phylogram revealed that the hymenolepidid tapeworms examined in this study were classified into four major branches (the majority of which were hybrids of the two species) and belonged to the genus Hymenolepis. In addition, the phylogram of H. taeniaeformis assigned this species to T. taeniaeformis. Conclusion: When typical hymenolepid morphology is combined with molecular and phylogenetic divergence, it may indicate the existence of possible cryptic species. In addition, on the basis of the phylogenetic analysis, genetic diversity within T. taeniaeformis may exist as determined by comparing the metacestode mtCOX1 sequences. The current study presents the prevalence values of zoonotic cestodes and contributes to the body of knowledge, including identification keys and the use of molecular tools for species confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atef Ibrahim Saad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
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Alvi MA, Li L, Ohiolei JA, Qamar W, Saqib M, Tayyab MH, Altaf J, Ashfaq K, Hassan A, Jamal M, Wahab A, Alvi AA, Usman M, Bajwa MRK, Fu BQ, Yan HB, Jia WZ. Hydatigera taeniaeformis in urban rats (Rattus rattus) in Faisalabad, Pakistan. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 92:104873. [PMID: 33905888 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydatigera taeniaeformis formerly referred to as Taenia taeniaeformis is a cestode of cats (definitive hosts) and rodents (intermediate hosts). The prevalence of the metacestode larval stage has been reported in rodents in many parts of the world even though the genetic polymorphisms or intraspecies variation is still understudied. Here, we report a prevalence of 22.09% (38/172) from an urban rodent population in Pakistan and a nucleotide diversity (cox1) of 0.00463 among the population. Infection was higher in male (27.85%) and adult (32.29%) rats than female and sub-adult/young rats. Interestingly, The median-joining network and phylogenetic construction comprising isolates from China, Japan, Kenya, Laos, Malaysia, Senegal, the United Arab Emirates, and countries in Europe demonstrated that Pakistani H. taeniaeformis are closer to Asian and African population than those of European origin. The results of the study will add-in preliminary data for H. taeniaeformis and will also contribute to understand the global molecular epidemiology and population structure of H. taeniaeformis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Professional Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Professional Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - John Asekhaen Ohiolei
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Professional Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Warda Qamar
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, (Jhang Campus), Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haleem Tayyab
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaria Altaf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Ashfaq
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hassan
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamal
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahab
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Bao-Quan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Professional Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Hong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Professional Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, PR China.
| | - Wan-Zhong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Professional Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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Zhao F, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Zhou K, Liu A, Yang F, Zhang W. Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats ( Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:588107. [PMID: 33324575 PMCID: PMC7723829 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.588107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are one of the most common rodent species, and they serve as intermediate hosts of Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on the presence of the larval form of H. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in brown rats worldwide, little information is available on the genetic characterization of this parasite, with no molecular data from China. Therefore, from April 2014 to March 2016, this study was carried out to understand the prevalence and genetic characters of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats captured in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. The livers of brown rats were collected and examined for the presence of cysts. Each cyst was identified based on morphological observation: the larvae with the naked eye and the scolexes under a microscope. The results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) genes. At the investigated sites, 11.8% (13/110) of the brown rats were infected with strobilocercus fasciolaris. Based on sequence analysis, there were 10 and six haplotypes regarding the cox1 and the nad4 loci, with 24 and 42 polymorphic sites, respectively (degree of intraspecific variation: 0.3%–4.4% and 0.6%–4.7%, respectively). Twelve nucleotide sequences (six of the 10 at the cox1 locus and all six at the nad4 locus) have not previously been described. Base differences in three of the six novel cox1 gene sequences and five of the six novel nad4 gene sequences caused amino acid changes. Phylogenetic analyses of the cox1 and nad4 gene sequences based on neighbor-joining and Bayesian inference trees indicated that all the strobilocercus fasciolaris isolates belonged to Hydatigera taeniaeformis sensu stricto (s.s.). This is the first report on the genetic characterization of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats in China. The findings of novel cox1 and nad4 nucleotide and amino acid sequences may reflect the region-specific genetic characterization of the parasite. The data will be useful to explore the biological and epidemiological significance of the intraspecific variation within H. taeniaeformis s.s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengnian Zhao
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanchen Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Zhou
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Aiqin Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengkun Yang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weizhe Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Rothenburger JL, Himsworth CG, La Perle KMD, Leighton FA, Nemeth NM, Treuting PM, Jardine CM. Pathology of wild Norway rats in Vancouver, Canada. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:184-199. [PMID: 30852980 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719833436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve a contemporary understanding of the common and rare lesions that affect wild, urban Norway rats ( Rattus norvegicus), we conducted a detailed pathology analysis of 672 rats from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Grossly evident lesions, such as wounds, abscesses, and neoplasms, were present in 71 of 672 rats (11%) and tended to be severe. The most common and significant lesions were infectious and inflammatory, most often affecting the respiratory tract and associated with bite wounds. We assessed a subset of rats (up to n = 406 per tissue) for the presence of microscopic lesions in a variety of organ systems. The most frequent lesions that could impact individual rat health included cardiomyopathy (128 of 406; 32%), chronic respiratory tract infections as indicated by pulmonary inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (270 of 403; 67%), tracheitis (192 of 372; 52%), and thyroid follicular hyperplasia (142 of 279; 51%). We isolated 21 bacterial species from purulent lesions in rats with bacterial infections, the most frequent of which were Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp., and Staphylococcus aureus. Parasitic diseases in rats resulted from infection with several invasive nematodes: Capillaria hepatica in the liver (242 of 672; 36%), Eucoleus sp. in the upper gastrointestinal tract (164 of 399; 41%), and Trichosomoides crassicauda in the urinary bladder (59 of 194; 30%). Neoplastic, congenital, and degenerative lesions were rare, which likely reflects their adverse effect on survival in the urban environment. Our results establish a baseline of expected lesions in wild urban rats, which may have implications for urban rat and zoonotic pathogen ecology, as well as rat control in cities worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Rothenburger
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
| | - Chelsea G Himsworth
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
| | - Krista M D La Perle
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
| | - Frederick A Leighton
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
| | - Nicole M Nemeth
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
| | - Piper M Treuting
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
| | - Claire M Jardine
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC; Ontario-Nunavut Region), Guelph, ON, Canada (Rothenburger, Nemeth, Jardine).,Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and CWHC (British Columbia Region), Abbotsford, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Himsworth).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (La Perle).,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and CWHC (National Headquarters), Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Leighton).,Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Treuting)
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Guo X, Zheng Y. Identification and characterization of microRNAs in a cestode Hydatigera taeniaeformis using deep sequencing approach. Exp Parasitol 2018; 194:32-37. [PMID: 30237048 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydatigera taeniaeformis (formerly known as Taenia taeniaeformis) is a parasitic tapeworm that has a worldwide distribution. H. taeniaeformis is naturally transmitted between mice and cats and threatens to human health, especially those who are in close contact with pets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of parasite growth and development, parasite infection and immunology, and host-pathogen interactions. The miRNA profile of H. taeniaeformis remains to be elucidated. Herein, 47 conserved miRNAs (grouped into 34 miRNA families) and 4 novel miRNAs were identified in H. taeniaeformis metacestodes using deep sequencing approach. Among them, hta-miR-71, -let-7, and-miR-87 was absolutely predominant in H. taeniaeformis metacestodes. Moreover, comparative analysis revealed the presence of miR-71/2 and miR-4989/277 clusters in H. taeniaeformis. Nucleotide bias analysis of identified miRNAs showed that the adenine (A) was the dominant nucleotide at the beginning of the miRNAs, particularly at the positions of third and 7th nucleotides. The study provides rich data for further understandings of H. taeniaeformis biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaola Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.
| | - Yadong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, 225009, China
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Cysticercus fasciolaris in Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Grenada, West Indies. J Parasitol Res 2018; 2017:1723406. [PMID: 29318036 PMCID: PMC5727795 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1723406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cat is the definitive host of Taenia taeniaeformis (T. taeniaeformis). Cysticercus fasciolaris (C. fasciolaris), the larval stage of T. taeniaeformis, develops in small rodents which act as intermediate host. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of C. fasciolaris in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the densely human populated parishes, St. George's and St. David's of Grenada, West Indies. One hundred and seventy rats were trapped near the residential areas from May to July, 2017 and examined for C. fasciolaris in their liver. Of the 170 rats 115 (67.6%, CI 95% from 60.1 to 74.6) were positive for the larval stage of T. taeniaeformis. One to three cysts were observed in each liver, containing a single larva in each cyst. The prevalence was 77.9% in St. George and 59.1% in St. David which is a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two parishes under study. Based on gender, prevalence in males was 60.9% and females 74.7%. Significant difference was observed between young and adult rats (p = 0.03). Prevalence in young rats was 45.0% compared to adults (70.7%). Further study of risk assessment in the cat population in areas of the present research is strongly suggested.
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Sulima A, Bień J, Savijoki K, Näreaho A, Sałamatin R, Conn DB, Młocicki D. Identification of immunogenic proteins of the cysticercoid of Hymenolepis diminuta. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:577. [PMID: 29157281 PMCID: PMC5697066 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A wide range of molecules are used by tapeworm metacestodes to establish successful infection in the hostile environment of the host. Reports indicating the proteins in the cestode-host interactions are limited predominantly to taeniids, with no previous data available for non-taeniid species. A non-taeniid, Hymenolepis diminuta, represents one of the most important model species in cestode biology and exhibits an exceptional developmental plasticity in its life-cycle, which involves two phylogenetically distant hosts, arthropod and vertebrate. Results We identified H. diminuta cysticercoid proteins that were recognized by sera of H. diminuta-infected rats using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE), 2D-immunoblotting, and LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry. Proteomic analysis of 42 antigenic spots revealed 70 proteins. The largest number belonged to structural proteins and to the heat-shock protein (HSP) family. These results show a number of the antigenic proteins of the cysticercoid stage, which were present already in the insect host prior to contact with the mammal host. These are the first parasite antigens that the mammal host encounters after the infection, therefore they may represent some of the molecules important in host-parasite interactions at the early stage of infection. Conclusions These results could help in understanding how H. diminuta and other cestodes adapt to their diverse and complex parasitic life-cycles and show universal molecules used among diverse groups of cestodes to escape the host response to infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-017-2519-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sulima
- Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Bień
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kirsi Savijoki
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Näreaho
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rusłan Sałamatin
- Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Medical Parasitology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Bruce Conn
- One Health Center, Berry College, Mount Berry, GA, USA.,Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Młocicki
- Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. .,Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Hasanpour H, Najafi F, Gharagozlou MJ, Jafarpour Azami S, Fadavi A, Paknezhad N, Mowlavi G. Cysticercus fasciolaris (Taenia taeniaeformis Larval Stage) in Urban Rats with Illustration of Histopathological Changes in the Liver. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/jommid.5.3.4.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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