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Soto S, Blatter S, Hobi S, Steck M, Lechmann J, Rüfenacht S, Kühn N, Ruetten M, Ignatenko N, Krudewig C. Feline Facial Spindle Cell Tumors in 29 Cats: Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Characterization. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1103. [PMID: 38612342 PMCID: PMC11010864 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue tumors/sarcomas (STSs) in felines, encompassing a variety of mesenchymal tumors with similar histomorphological features, present diagnostic challenges due to their diverse cellular origins and the overlap with other tumor types such as feline sarcoid. This study aimed to delineate the clinical, histomorphological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of 34 feline facial spindle cell tumors affecting 29 cats, including testing for bovine papillomavirus type 14 (BPV14), the virus causing feline sarcoids. Only five out of 12 tumors previously diagnosed as feline sarcoids based on histomorphology were confirmed by PCR for BPV14, underscoring the importance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches to accurately distinguish between STSs and feline sarcoids. This study shows that most facial spindle cell tumors were compatible with peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) based on positive immunohistochemical staining for Sox10 and other immunohistochemical markers such as GFAP, NSE, and S100. Some of these tumors displayed as multiple independent masses on the face or as erosive and ulcerative lesions without obvious mass formation, an atypical presentation and an important highlight for general practitioners, dermatologists, and oncologists. This study also describes periadnexal whorling of neoplastic cells as a novel histomorphologic finding in feline facial PNSTs and emphasizes Sox10 as a useful complementary immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of facial PNST in cats, providing valuable insights for veterinary pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Soto
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sohvi Blatter
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Hobi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marco Steck
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Lechmann
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Kühn
- Kühn Pathologie AG, 6331 Hünenberg, Switzerland;
| | | | - Nataliia Ignatenko
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;
| | - Christiane Krudewig
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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ANDO R, OKADA N, SATO S, KANNO C, MAEDA Y, IAMOHBHARS N, MARKBORDEE B, PARK CH, TAKAHASHI F, KAWAGUCHI H. Cardiac tumor comprising a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and spontaneous atrial osseous metaplasia in a sheep. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:111-115. [PMID: 37967950 PMCID: PMC10849854 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cardiac tumors in animals are very rare. The purpose of this report was to describe the first case of a cardiac tumor comprising a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and spontaneous atrial osseous metaplasia in a Corriedale sheep. Histologically, the tumor in the bilateral atrial pericardium consisted of dense cellular components comprising tumor cells and a sparse cellular area, and non-neoplastic mature bone tissue. The tumor cells were spindle-shaped, round, or polygonal, and proliferating, with fascicular, storiform, palisading, and sheet patterns. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, S-100, occasionally positive for myeline basic protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament, neuron specific enolase, and neuron growth factor receptor suggesting that they originated from the nervous system. On the basis of these findings, the final diagnosis was a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and spontaneous atrial osseous metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo ANDO
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Norika OKADA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shogo SATO
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Chihiro KANNO
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yosuke MAEDA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | | | | | - Chun-Ho PARK
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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Espinosa J, Ortega M, Pumarola M, Fraga E, Martín L. Metastatic Multifocal Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour in the Cervicothoracic Spinal Cord of a Dog Initially Mimicking Meningomyelitis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020170. [PMID: 36851474 PMCID: PMC9965354 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A nine year old cross-breed dog was presented with a two week history of ambulatory tetraparesis and proprioceptive ataxia affecting all four limbs. Meningomyelitis of Unknown Origin (MUO) was presumptively diagnosed based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. The dog received a tapering dose of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine, showing significant improvement and the stabilization of the clinical signs for seven months. After this period, the dog showed an acute clinical deterioration and a follow-up MRI revealed new multiple lesions affecting different spinal nerve roots along the cervicothoracic spinal cord. Following euthanasia, a final diagnose of multiple malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) was made based on the histopathological examination. MPNSTs can affect the cranial nerves, spinal nerves or the associated nerve roots at any location and can lead to secondary spinal cord compression. The aim of the present case report is to describe the clinical presentation and atypical MRI findings of a dog with histologically confirmed multiple MPNSTs. According to the reviewed literature, this is the first reported case of simultaneous MPNSTs in the cervicothoracic spinal cord of a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Espinosa
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Service of Centro Clínico Veterinario Indautxu, Alameda de San Mamés 38, 48010 Bilbao, Spain
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Service, Pride Referrals, Derby DE248 HX, UK
| | - María Ortega
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Service of Centro Clínico Veterinario Indautxu, Alameda de San Mamés 38, 48010 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Martí Pumarola
- Mouse and Comparative Pathology Unit, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fraga
- Fraga Diagnostic España, S.L., Mijas Costa, 29649 Malaga, Spain
| | - Laura Martín
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Service of Centro Clínico Veterinario Indautxu, Alameda de San Mamés 38, 48010 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Morey-Matamalas A, Vidal E, Martínez J, Alomar J, Ramis A, Marco A, Domingo M, Segalés J. Neoplastic lesions in domestic pigs detected at slaughter: literature review and a 20-year review (1998-2018) of carcass inspection in Catalonia. Porcine Health Manag 2021; 7:30. [PMID: 33827694 PMCID: PMC8025367 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-021-00207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present paper reviews the occurrence of neoplasms in swine and presents a case series of 56 tumors submitted to the Slaughterhouse Support Network (Servei de Suport a Escorxadors [SESC] IRTA-CReSA]) from slaughtered pigs from 1998 to 2018 (April) in Catalonia (Spain). The aim of the study was to describe the spectrum of spontaneous neoplastic lesions found in slaughtered pigs and to compare the reported tumor cases with previous published data. Lymphoid neoplasms were characterized and classified using the WHO classification adapted for animals. Results The most reported neoplasm during this period was lymphoma (28). Within lymphomas, the B-cell type was the most common, being the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (15/28) the most represented subtype. Other submitted non-lymphoid neoplasms included melanoma (7), nephroblastoma (3), mast cell tumor (2), liposarcoma (2), osteochondromatosis (2), papillary cystadenocarcinoma (1), peripheral nerve sheath tumor (1), lymphoid leukemia (1), fibropapilloma (1), hemangiosarcoma (1), hepatoma (1), histiocytic sarcoma (1), pheochromocytoma (1) and osteosarcoma (1). Conclusions The existence of a well-established Slaughterhouse Support Network allowed the compilation of comprehensive data for further epidemiological and pathological studies, particularly about less commonly reported lesions in livestock such as neoplasms in pigs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40813-021-00207-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Morey-Matamalas
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Vidal
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jorge Martínez
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.,IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Alomar
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Ramis
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Marco
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Domingo
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.,IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària (SDPV), Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.,IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
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Osum SH, Watson AL, Largaespada DA. Spontaneous and Engineered Large Animal Models of Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1954. [PMID: 33669386 PMCID: PMC7920315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are crucial to understanding human disease biology and developing new therapies. By far the most common animal used to investigate prevailing questions about human disease is the mouse. Mouse models are powerful tools for research as their small size, limited lifespan, and defined genetic background allow researchers to easily manipulate their genome and maintain large numbers of animals in general laboratory spaces. However, it is precisely these attributes that make them so different from humans and explains, in part, why these models do not accurately predict drug responses in human patients. This is particularly true of the neurofibromatoses (NFs), a group of genetic diseases that predispose individuals to tumors of the nervous system, the most common of which is Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Despite years of research, there are still many unanswered questions and few effective treatments for NF1. Genetically engineered mice have drastically improved our understanding of many aspects of NF1, but they do not exemplify the overall complexity of the disease and some findings do not translate well to humans due to differences in body size and physiology. Moreover, NF1 mouse models are heavily reliant on the Cre-Lox system, which does not accurately reflect the molecular mechanism of spontaneous loss of heterozygosity that accompanies human tumor development. Spontaneous and genetically engineered large animal models may provide a valuable supplement to rodent studies for NF1. Naturally occurring comparative models of disease are an attractive prospect because they occur on heterogeneous genetic backgrounds and are due to spontaneous rather than engineered mutations. The use of animals with naturally occurring disease has been effective for studying osteosarcoma, lymphoma, and diabetes. Spontaneous NF-like symptoms including neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) have been documented in several large animal species and share biological and clinical similarities with human NF1. These animals could provide additional insight into the complex biology of NF1 and potentially provide a platform for pre-clinical trials. Additionally, genetically engineered porcine models of NF1 have recently been developed and display a variety of clinical features similar to those seen in NF1 patients. Their large size and relatively long lifespan allow for longitudinal imaging studies and evaluation of innovative surgical techniques using human equipment. Greater genetic, anatomic, and physiologic similarities to humans enable the engineering of precise disease alleles found in human patients and make them ideal for preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of small molecule, cellular, and gene therapies prior to clinical trials in patients. Comparative genomic studies between humans and animals with naturally occurring disease, as well as preclinical studies in large animal disease models, may help identify new targets for therapeutic intervention and expedite the translation of new therapies. In this review, we discuss new genetically engineered large animal models of NF1 and cases of spontaneous NF-like manifestations in large animals, with a special emphasis on how these comparative models could act as a crucial translational intermediary between specialized murine models and NF1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara H. Osum
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | | | - David A. Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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Warren AL, Miller AD, de Lahunta A, Kortz G, Summers BA. Four Cases of the Melanotic Variant of Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumour: a Rare, Aggressive Neoplasm in Young Dogs with a Predilection for the Spinal Cord. J Comp Pathol 2020; 178:1-8. [PMID: 32800101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Four cases of a rare melanotic variant of malignant nerve sheath tumour (MNST) in dogs are described. All four cases presented with neurological clinical signs due to multicentric, intradural, intra- and extraparenchymal neoplasms that surrounded the spinal and cranial nerves and infiltrated the adjacent spinal cord and brain. The dogs were young (3 months to 3 years of age), all were female and four different breeds were represented. Characteristic histological features were interweaving fascicles of spindle-shaped cells, sometimes with an architecture reminiscent of Antoni A and B patterns. Some spindle cells showed prominent cytoplasmic melanin pigmentation and such cells were positive by Masson-Fontana stain. Immunohistochemistry performed in three cases was positive for S100 and vimentin, strongly positive for melan A in the melanized cells and negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein and periaxin. Non-melanized cells did not express melan A. Transmission electron microscopy findings in one case were consistent with a peripheral nerve sheath tumour and demonstrated cytoplasmic pre-melanosomes and melanosomes. Melanotic variants of MNSTs are rare in animals with only a solitary report of two previous canine cases in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Warren
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - A D Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - A de Lahunta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - G Kortz
- VCA Sacramento Veterinary Referral Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - B A Summers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
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