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Gan L, Liu D, Ma Y, Chen X, Dai A, Zhao S, Jin X, Gu G. Cardiotoxicity associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Current status and future challenges. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:962596. [PMID: 36110551 PMCID: PMC9468595 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.962596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the most notable breakthrough in tumor treatment. ICIs has been widely used in tumor patients, but its wide range of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) should not be ignored. irAEs can be involved in any organ system, including immune-related cardiotoxicity. Although the cardiotoxicity induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors is rare, it is extremely lethal and has attracted increasing attention. PD-1 and PD-L1 are expressed in human cardiomyocytes, so the application of PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors can cause many adverse reactions to the cardiovascular system. This review summarizes the latest epidemiological evidence on the cardiovascular toxicity of programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) inhibitors and the clinical manifestations, as well as the potential pathological mechanisms. These updates may provide a novel perspective for monitoring early toxicity and establishing appropriate treatment for patients with ICI-related cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Research Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lu Gan, ; Guoqiang Gu,
| | - Demin Liu
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xuening Chen
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Aihui Dai
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Sihan Zhao
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jin
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guoqiang Gu
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Lu Gan, ; Guoqiang Gu,
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