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Tehranian S, Shawwa K, Barreto EF, Clements CM, Kashani K. Impact of chloride-rich crystalloids on sepsis-associated community-acquired acute kidney injury recovery in critically ill patients. J Nephrol 2021; 35:285-292. [PMID: 34014511 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-021-01060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of chloride-rich crystalloids for resuscitation is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to explore the impact of resuscitation with chloride-rich crystalloids compared to balanced crystalloids on kidney function recovery in patients presenting with sepsis-associated community-acquired AKI (SACA-AKI). METHODS This is a single-center, historical cohort study of the adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with sepsis-associated community-acquired-AKI at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, from January 2011 to April 2018. We divided the cohort into two groups based on the primary type of crystalloids they received in the ED and the first 48-h of ICU. The first group received primarily normal saline with < 25% balanced solutions, and the second group received at least ≥ 25% balanced crystalloids during the initial volume resuscitation. RESULTS Among the 732 enrolled patients [mean age: 64 ± 17, males: 461(63%)], 255 (35%) were in the second group and were found to have higher positive fluid balance during the first 48-h of admission compared to the first group [median + 2.3 (IQR: 0.4; 4.5) vs. + 1.1 (IQR: - 0.8; + 2.9) L, p < 0.001]. The second group had a higher rate of kidney function recovery by multivariate logistic regression after adjustments for known recovery risk factors (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.05-2.04, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The use of balanced crystalloids during the initial resuscitation is associated with higher odds of kidney function recovery in AKI patients with sepsis-associated community-acquired AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Tehranian
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Khaled Shawwa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Erin F Barreto
- Department of Pharmacy, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Casey M Clements
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kianoush Kashani
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Barreto EF, Feely MA. Can NSAIDs be used safely for analgesia in patients with CKD?: PRO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:1184-1188. [PMID: 34296195 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0004582020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin F Barreto
- Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Molly A Feely
- Center for Palliative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Pai AB, Vassalotti JA, Fox CH, Carroll JK, Pulver GE, Dickinson LM, Pace WD. Association between NSAID Exposure and Kidney Function Decline in Primary Care Patients. KIDNEY360 2020; 1:521-523. [PMID: 35368597 PMCID: PMC8809309 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Barton Pai
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joseph A. Vassalotti
- National Kidney Foundation and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Chester H. Fox
- Greater Buffalo Accountable Healthcare Network, Buffalo, New York
| | - Jennifer K. Carroll
- American Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, Kansas
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Gerald E. Pulver
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - L. Miriam Dickinson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Wilson D. Pace
- American Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, Kansas
- DARTNet Institute, Inc., Aurora, Colorado
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4
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Nishtala PS, Chyou T. Identifying drug combinations associated with acute kidney injury using association rules method. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2020; 29:467-473. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.4960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Te‐yuan Chyou
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Otago Dunedin Otago New Zealand
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Liao XY, Deng QQ, Han L, Wu ZT, Peng ZL, Xie Y, Wang GJ, Aa JY, Pan GY. Leflunomide increased the renal exposure of acyclovir by inhibiting OAT1/3 and MRP2. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:129-137. [PMID: 31341258 PMCID: PMC7470779 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis patients can be prescribed a combination of immunosuppressive drug leflunomide (LEF) and the antiviral drug acyclovir to reduce the high risk of infection. Acyclovir is a substrate of organic anion transporter (OAT) 1/3 and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 2. Considering the extraordinarily long half-life of LEF's active metabolite teriflunomide (TER) and the kidney injury risk of acyclovir, it is necessary to elucidate the potential impact of LEF on the disposition of acyclovir. Here we used a specific MRP inhibitor MK571 and probenecid (OAT1/3 and MRP2 inhibitor) to assess the effects of MRP2 and OAT1/3 on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of acyclovir in rats. We showed that LEF and probenecid, but not MK571 significantly increased the plasma concentration of acyclovir. However, kidney and liver exposures of acyclovir were increased when coadministered with LEF, probenecid or MK571. The kidney/plasma ratio of acyclovir was increased to approximately 2-fold by LEF or probenecid, whereas it was increased to as much as 14.5-fold by MK571. Consistently, these drugs markedly decreased the urinary excretion of acyclovir. TER (0.5-100 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the accumulation of acyclovir in MRP2-MDCK cells with an IC50 value of 4.91 μmol/L. TER (5 μmol/L) significantly inhibited the uptake of acyclovir in hOAT1/3-HEK293 cells. These results suggest that LEF/TER increased the kidney accumulation of acyclovir by inhibiting the efflux transporter MRP2, which increased its kidney/plasma ratio and renal injury risk. However, the inhibitory effects of LEF/TER on OAT1/3 reduced the tubular cells' uptake of acyclovir and increased the plasma concentration.
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Abstract
Due to high prescription rates as well as the frequent use as over the counter drugs, it is of interest to consider non-opioid analgesics when evaluating the quality and appropriateness of a given overall medication. This article sums up the basic pharmacology and main adverse effects of these analgesics. Non-opioids can be further classified according to their additional mechanisms of action besides analgesia. High-dose acetylsalicylic acid, traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and coxibs exhibit antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties. Acetaminophen and metamizole (dipyrone) are analgesics and antipyretic agents, while metamizole exhibits also spasmolytic effects. Capsaicin and intrathecal ziconotide are pure analgesics.
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Bloom L, Boyle KE, Myers AE, Blacketer C, Weinstein R. Frequency of nonaspirin NSAID-relevant coexisting medical conditions in the primary-care setting: a retrospective database review. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2019; 15:579-588. [PMID: 31114212 PMCID: PMC6488163 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s189833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coexisting medical conditions and concomitant medications contribute to treatment challenges primary-care professionals (PCPs) face daily. The current study assessed the extent and distribution of nonaspirin NSAID-relevant coexisting medical conditions of interest (CMCOI) in patients visiting PCPs. METHODS This retrospective database review analyzed data from three large health-care claim databases to identify the frequency of nonaspirin NSAID-relevant CMCOI among adults aged ≥18 years with a PCP visit in 2013. Claim databases employed were the Truven Health MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters database, representative of the privately insured (PI) population; Truven Health MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid, representative of the Medicaid population (Medicaid); and Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental, representative of the Medicare population with employer-based supplemental Medicare insurance (Medicare-Supplement). Nonaspirin NSAID-relevant CMCOI, asthma, cardiovascular risk factors, gastrointestinal bleeding risk factors, and renal insufficiency were chosen based on US NSAID over-the-counter Drug Facts label warnings. Frequency of CMCOI was determined for those without and with a musculoskeletal diagnosis. RESULTS In each database, ≥19% (19.0% PI, 29.9% Medicaid, 33.6% Medicare-Supplement) had a musculoskeletal diagnosis. A greater proportion of individuals with a musculoskeletal diagnosis had one or more CMCOI compared with those without a musculoskeletal diagnosis (61.3% vs 50.4% PI, 78.1% vs 66.8% Medicaid, 87.1% vs 82.3% Medicare-Supplement). The frequency of one or more CMCOI increased with age in each database. Across databases among CMCOI, cardiovascular risk factors were most common, followed by gastrointestinal bleeding risk factors, and proportions were higher among those with a musculoskeletal diagnosis. CONCLUSION These data confirm the high frequency of nonaspirin NSAID-relevant CMCOI among patients presenting to PCPs for musculoskeletal diagnosis, as well as among older patients. These analyses reinforce the critical role health-care professionals can play in identifying patients with nonaspirin NSAID-relevant CMCOI, providing those patients with ongoing guidance on appropriate choice and use of over-the-counter analgesics, and educating patients about the impact aging, health status, concomitant conditions, and medicines have on selection of all medicines, including analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Bloom
- Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc, McNeil Consumer Healthcare Division, Fort Washington, PA, USA,
| | | | - Andrew E Myers
- Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc, McNeil Consumer Healthcare Division, Fort Washington, PA, USA,
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Ugwuagbo KC, Maiti S, Omar A, Hunter S, Nault B, Northam C, Majumder M. Prostaglandin E2 promotes embryonic vascular development and maturation in zebrafish. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.039768. [PMID: 30890523 PMCID: PMC6504002 DOI: 10.1242/bio.039768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG)-E2 is essential for growth and development of vertebrates. PGE2 binds to G-coupled receptors to regulate embryonic stem cell differentiation and maintains tissue homeostasis. Overproduction of PGE2 by breast tumor cells promotes aggressive breast cancer phenotypes and tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis. In this study, we investigated novel roles of PGE2 in early embryonic vascular development and maturation with the microinjection of PGE2 in fertilized zebrafish (Danio rerio) eggs. We injected Texas Red dextran to trace vascular development. Embryos injected with the solvent of PGE2 served as vehicle. Distinct developmental changes were noted from 28-96 h post fertilization (hpf), showing an increase in embryonic tail flicks, pigmentation, growth, hatching and larval movement post-hatching in the PGE2-injected group compared to the vehicle. We recorded a significant increase in trunk vascular fluorescence and maturation of vascular anatomy, embryo heartbeat and blood vessel formation in the PGE2 injected group. At 96 hpf, all larvae were euthanized to measure vascular marker mRNA expression. We observed a significant increase in the expression of stem cell markers efnb2a, ephb4a, angiogenesis markers vegfa, kdrl, etv2 and lymphangiogenesis marker prox1 in the PGE2-group compared to the vehicle. This study shows the novel roles of PGE2 in promoting embryonic vascular maturation and angiogenesis in zebrafish.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujit Maiti
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Ahmed Omar
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Stephanie Hunter
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Braydon Nault
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Caleb Northam
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Mousumi Majumder
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
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Jang SM, Jiang R, Grabe D, Pai AB. Assessment of literacy and numeracy skills related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug labels. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119834119. [PMID: 30873281 PMCID: PMC6407168 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119834119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used and have a potential for over-the-counter misuse. Limited health literacy is associated with poor health outcomes. Identification of new strategies to assess literacy and numeracy could be useful in targeting effective education initiatives. Objective: To characterize numeracy and literacy skills related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug labels in primary care patients. Methods: Patients were recruited and consented over an 8-month period after their regular primary care visit. Demographic information was collected and two instruments were administered to assess literacy and numeracy skills: (1) a medication label literacy instrument focused on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (MedLit-NSAID) and (2) a general healthy literacy-screening tool, the Newest Vital Sign. Two questions on the MedLit-NSAID instrument evaluated understanding of the Food and Drug Administration medication guide for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the Food and Drug Administration approved over-the-counter label. Results: A total of 145 patients were enrolled. Mean MedLit-NSAID and Newest Vital Sign scores were 6.8 (scale range 0–8) and 4.2 (scale range 0–6), respectively. Higher education level was associated with higher scores for both tools (p ⩽ 0.05). Total MedLit-NSAID scores on average were higher in females compared with males (6.5 vs 6, p = 0.05). Patients with decreased kidney function (n = 18) had significantly lower MedLit-NSAID scores (p ⩽ 0.05). Test–retest scores were not significantly different for MedLit-NSAID (p = 0.32). The correlation between the tools was 0.54 and internal consistency MedLit-NSAID was 0.61. Conclusion: A medication information focused instrument provided specific information to assess health literacy related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug labels. This information could be utilized to develop patient education initiatives for medication label comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Jang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Loma Linda University School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ruixin Jiang
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Darren Grabe
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Amy Barton Pai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Mathew G, Sharma A, Pickering RJ, Rosado CJ, Lemarie J, Mudgal J, Thambi M, Sebastian S, Jandeleit-Dahm KA, de Haan JB, Unnikrishnan MK. A novel synthetic small molecule DMFO targets Nrf2 in modulating proinflammatory/antioxidant mediators to ameliorate inflammation. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:1140-1157. [PMID: 30422019 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1533636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective immune response against invading pathogens, however, dysregulated inflammation is detrimental. As the complex inflammatory response involves multiple mediators, including the involvement of reactive oxygen species, concomitantly targeting proinflammatory and antioxidant check-points may be a more rational strategy. We report the synthesis and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant activity of a novel indanedione derivative DMFO. DMFO scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) in in-vitro radical scavenging assays and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In acute models of inflammation (carrageenan-induced inflammation in rat paw and air pouch), DMFO effectively reduced paw oedema and leucocyte infiltration with an activity comparable to diclofenac. DMFO stabilised mast cells (MCs) in in-vitro A23187 and compound 48/80-induced assays. Additionally, DMFO stabilised MCs in an antigen (ovalbumin)-induced MC degranulation model in-vivo, without affecting serum IgE levels. In a model of chronic immune-mediated inflammation, Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis, DMFO reduced arthritic score and contralateral paw oedema, and increased the pain threshold with an efficacy comparable to diclofenac but without being ulcerogenic. Additionally, DMFO significantly reduced serum TNFα levels. Mechanistic studies revealed that DMFO reduced proinflammatory genes (IL1β, TNFα, IL6) and protein levels (COX2, MCP1), with a concurrent increase in antioxidant genes (NQO1, haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1), Glo1, Nrf2) and protein (HO-1) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Importantly, the anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effect on gene expression was absent in primary macrophages isolated from Nrf2 KO mice suggesting an Nrf2-targeted activity, which was subsequently confirmed using siRNA transfection studies in RAW macrophages. Therefore, DMFO is a novel, orally-active, safe (even at 2 g/kg p.o.), a small molecule which targets Nrf2 in ameliorating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Mathew
- a Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , India.,b Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Basic Science Domain , Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia.,c Department of Diabetes, the Alfred Centre , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Arpeeta Sharma
- b Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Basic Science Domain , Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Raelene J Pickering
- c Department of Diabetes, the Alfred Centre , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Carlos J Rosado
- c Department of Diabetes, the Alfred Centre , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Jeremie Lemarie
- b Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Basic Science Domain , Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- a Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , India
| | - Magith Thambi
- a Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , India
| | - Sarine Sebastian
- a Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , India
| | - Karin A Jandeleit-Dahm
- b Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Basic Science Domain , Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia.,c Department of Diabetes, the Alfred Centre , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Judy B de Haan
- b Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Basic Science Domain , Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Mazhuvancherry K Unnikrishnan
- d Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , India
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