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Gay W, Lauret E, Boson B, Larghero J, Matheux F, Peyramaure S, Rousseau V, Dormont D, De Maeyer E, Le Grand R. Low autocrine interferon beta production as a gene therapy approach for AIDS: Infusion of interferon beta-engineered lymphocytes in macaques chronically infected with SIVmac251. Retrovirology 2004; 1:29. [PMID: 15447786 PMCID: PMC523856 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-1-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2004] [Accepted: 09/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate gene therapy for AIDS based on the transduction of circulating lymphocytes with a retroviral vector giving low levels of constitutive macaque interferon β production in macaques chronically infected with a pathogenic isolate of SIVmac251. Results Two groups of three animals infected for more than one year with a pathogenic primary isolate of SIVmac251 were included in this study. The macaques received three infusions of their own lymphocytes transduced ex vivo with the construct encoding macaque IFN-β (MaIFN-β or with a vector carrying a version of the MaIFN-β gene with a deletion preventing translation of the mRNA. Cellular or plasma viremia increased transiently following injection in most cases, regardless of the retroviral construct used. Transduced cells were detected only transiently after each infusion, among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all the animals, with copy numbers of 10 to 1000 per 106 peripheral mononuclear cells. Conclusion Long-term follow-up indicated that the transitory presence of such a small number of cells producing such small amounts of MaIFN-β did not prevent animals from the progressive decrease in CD4+ cell count typical of infection with simian immunodeficiency virus. These results reveal potential pitfalls for future developments of gene therapy strategies of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Gay
- CEA, Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pathologie Expérimentale, Service de Neurovirologie, CRSSA, EPHE, IPSC, Université Paris XI, 18 route du Panorama 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Evelyne Lauret
- INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Bertrand Boson
- CEA, Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pathologie Expérimentale, Service de Neurovirologie, CRSSA, EPHE, IPSC, Université Paris XI, 18 route du Panorama 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Jérome Larghero
- INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Franck Matheux
- CEA, Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pathologie Expérimentale, Service de Neurovirologie, CRSSA, EPHE, IPSC, Université Paris XI, 18 route du Panorama 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Peyramaure
- INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Véronique Rousseau
- Institut Fédératif de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard CNRS UPR 9040 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Dominique Dormont
- CEA, Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pathologie Expérimentale, Service de Neurovirologie, CRSSA, EPHE, IPSC, Université Paris XI, 18 route du Panorama 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Edward De Maeyer
- INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA, Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pathologie Expérimentale, Service de Neurovirologie, CRSSA, EPHE, IPSC, Université Paris XI, 18 route du Panorama 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France
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Miller KD, Spooner K, Herpin BR, Rock-Kress D, Metcalf JA, Davey RT, Falloon J, Kovacs JA, Polis MA, Walker RE, Masur H, Lane HC. Immunotherapy of HIV-infected patients with intermittent interleukin-2: effects of cycle frequency and cycle duration on degree of CD4(+) T-lymphocyte expansion. Clin Immunol 2001; 99:30-42. [PMID: 11286539 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2001.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability of IL-2 to induce expansion of the CD4(+) T lymphocyte pool has made it the most studied cytokine in the treatment of HIV infection. The majority of trials have used an empirical regimen of 5-day IL-2 cycles given every 8 weeks--a regimen based upon early pharmacodynamic studies and patient preference. To better define optimal duration and frequency of cycles, a randomized trial was conducted in which patients who received this "standard" regimen were compared to patients who received cycles of variable duration (based on individual patterns of cell cycle progression) and to patients who received cycles of variable frequency (based on individual CD4(+) T lymphocyte responses to previous cycles). Twenty-two patients with HIV-1 infection and CD4(+) T lymphocyte counts > 200 cells/mm(3) were randomized to one of three treatment groups for 32 weeks of study. Eight participants received four 5-day IL-2 cycles (controls) every 8 weeks; 7 participants received four cycles of longer duration (mean 7.7-days); and 7 participants received an increased frequency of 5-day cycles (every 4.1 weeks on average). All three groups experienced significant increases in mean CD4(+) T lymphocytes. However, there were no statistically significant differences in CD4(+) T lymphocyte increases between the group that received longer cycles (median increase 239 cells/mm(3), P = 0.78) or between the group that received more frequent cycles (median increase 511 cells/mm(3), P = 0.54) and the control group (median 284 cells/mm(3)). HIV-1 viral loads decreased during the study period in all three groups. Our inability to demonstrate a significant advantage of increased frequency or duration of IL-2 administration provides corroborating experimental evidence for the use of an IL-2 regimen consisting of 5-day cycles administered no more frequently than every 8 weeks in future clinical trials aimed at expanding the CD4(+) T lymphocyte pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Miller
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Matheux F, Lauret E, Rousseau V, Larghero J, Boson B, Vaslin B, Cheret A, De Maeyer E, Dormont D, LeGrand R. Simian immunodeficiency virus resistance of macaques infused with interferon beta-engineered lymphocytes. J Gen Virol 2000; 81:2741-2750. [PMID: 11038387 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-81-11-2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To test the in vivo anti-simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) efficacy of interferon (IFN)-beta-engineered lymphocytes, peripheral blood lymphocytes harvested from two uninfected macaques were transduced with a retroviral vector carrying a constitutively expressed IFN-beta gene and reinfused, resulting in approximately 1 IFN-beta-transduced cell out of 1000 circulating cells. The gene-modified cells were well tolerated and could be detected for at least 74 days without causing any apparent side effects. These two animals together with three untreated control macaques were then infected with SIVmac251. The two IFN-beta-infused macaques are in good health, 478 days after infection, with a reduced plasma virus load and sustained numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells. Throughout the study, the proportion of IFN-beta-transduced cells has been maintained. Of the three control macaques, two were characterized by a high plasma virus load and a decrease in CD4(+) cells. One was moribund and was sacrificed 350 days after infection and the other now has fewer than 100 circulating CD4(+) cells/ml. Unexpectedly, the third control macaque, which, like the two IFN-beta-infused animals, had a low plasma virus load and a maintenance of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cell number, was characterized by a permanent level of serum IFN-beta, of unknown origin, already present before SIV infection. Although no definite conclusion can be made in view of the limited number of animals, these data indicate that further exploration is warranted of an IFN-beta-based anti-human immunodeficiency virus gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Matheux
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
| | - Evelyne Lauret
- Equipe de l'Interféron et des Cytokines, UMR 146 CNRS, Institut Curie, Bâtiment 110, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France2
| | - Véronique Rousseau
- Equipe de l'Interféron et des Cytokines, UMR 146 CNRS, Institut Curie, Bâtiment 110, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France2
| | - Jérôme Larghero
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
| | - Bertrand Boson
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
| | - Bruno Vaslin
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
| | - Arnaud Cheret
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
| | - Edward De Maeyer
- Equipe de l'Interféron et des Cytokines, UMR 146 CNRS, Institut Curie, Bâtiment 110, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France2
| | - Dominique Dormont
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
| | - Roger LeGrand
- CEA, Service de Neurovirologie (DSV/DRM), CRSSA, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, BP 6, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, Cedex, France1
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Pan D, Shankar R, Stroncek DF, Whitley CB. Combined ultrafiltration-transduction in a hollow-fiber bioreactor facilitates retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II. Hum Gene Ther 1999; 10:2799-810. [PMID: 10584926 DOI: 10.1089/10430349950016537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of growing and transducing large quantities of human primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with high gene transfer efficiency continues to be one of the major challenges for clinical and experimental gene therapy. Toward developing a clinical trial of lymphocyte gene therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type II (i.e., Hunter syndrome), we investigated a novel method that exploited the innate capability of a hollow-fiber bioreactor system to filter large quantities of vector supernatant and facilitate transduction. An aliquot (5 x 10(7)) of PBL apheresis product was precultured in a gas-permeable culture bag or a bioreactor, and then transduced with a retroviral vector L2SN containing the iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) and neomycin resistance genes. We observed that the total number of PBLs could be expanded up to 187-fold, yielding up to 10(10) cells at the end of a 7-day culture period. The multiplicity of infection could be increased (up to 20-fold) by ultrafiltrating a large volume of vector supernatant through the semipermeable membrane of this system. A high level of transduction efficiency (up to 57%) was achieved, resulting in IDS enzyme activity as high as 1250 U/mg/hr in transduced PBL(MPS) 15 days after transduction. This level was markedly increased from that of nontransduced cells (<3 U/mg/hr) and was even greater than that of normal PBLs (mean, 809; n = 10). After 12 days of G418 selection, PBL(MPS) transductants exhibited a proviral IDS enzyme level approximately threefold higher than that in normal PBLs. These results indicated that the hollow-fiber bioreactor could be used to culture and transduce human primary PBLs in clinically useful quantities with relatively high gene transfer efficiency and transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pan
- Gene Therapy Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA
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Piscitelli SC, Forrest A, Vogel S, Chaitt D, Metcalf J, Stevens R, Baseler M, Davey RT, Kovacs JA. Pharmacokinetic modeling of recombinant interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 64:492-8. [PMID: 9834041 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9236(98)90132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel model was developed to characterize the time-varying clearance of recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2). Sixty-eight patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection received 83 cycles of IL-2 either by continuous infusion or by subcutaneous injection for 5 days. IL-2 concentrations after intravenous infusions peaked at 24 hours and then declined by 55% to 78% during the remainder of the infusion. Soluble IL-2 receptors increased greater than 10-fold before gradually returning to baseline. Subcutaneous administration showed a dose-dependent decrease in area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) between days 1 and 5. A model was developed in 9 patients who had IL-2 concentrations and soluble IL-2 receptors determined by ELISA. Concentrations were fitted by an indirect stimulatory pharmacodynamic model. An additional 59 patients with only IL-2 concentrations were fitted to a simplified empiric model. Both models provided an overall r2 of 0.99 for the plot of observed versus fitted concentrations. The time-dependent increase in IL-2 clearance, likely receptor-mediated, was well described with use of an indirect-effects pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Piscitelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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