Renal Oncocytoma With Both Lymphovascular Invasion and Prominent Intracytoplasmic Vacuole-Like Spaces: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Application of CT Imaging in Differential Diagnosis and Nursing of Endocrine Tumors

In order to investigate the value of preoperative X-ray computed tomography (CT) in predicting the pathological grade of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. This paper retrospectively analyzed the CT image examination of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, the image characteristics of G-NEC detected by CT image, and the detection of GST by spiral CT. In order to clearly diagnose and evaluate the size and scope of the focus, whether there is adjacent tissue invasion, metastasis, and treatment effect, CT, MR, PET-CT, nuclide specific imaging, and other imaging methods are widely used in the medical treatment of pNEN patients. These imaging methods have the advantages of noninvasive, rapid imaging, objective image medium, and strong repeatability. If the pathological grade of pNEN patients can be obtained by imaging examination before operation, it will be of great benefit to the formulation of treatment strategies and the prediction of clinical outcomes. Combining CT image performance with imaging omics characteristics to establish a prediction model that can develop a better auxiliary decision-making tool for clinical practice. Different pathological grades prompt clinicians to provide personalized and accurate medical treatment for patients, and reduce excessive medical treatment or wrong judgment caused by unclear preoperative diagnostic information.

Renal Oncocytoma: The Diagnostic Challenge to Unmask the Double of Renal Cancer

Renal oncocytoma represents the most common type of benign neoplasm that is an increasing concern for urologists, oncologists, and nephrologists due to its difficult differential diagnosis and frequent overtreatment. It displays a variable neoplastic parenchymal and stromal architecture, and the defining cellular element is a large polygonal, granular, eosinophilic, mitochondria-rich cell known as an oncocyte. The real challenge in the oncocytoma treatment algorithm is related to the misdiagnosis due to its resemblance, at an initial radiological assessment, to malignant renal cancers with a completely different prognosis and medical treatment. Unfortunately, percutaneous renal biopsy is not frequently performed due to the possible side effects related to the procedure. Therefore, the majority of oncocytoma are diagnosed after the surgical operation via partial or radical nephrectomy. For this reason, new reliable strategies to solve this issue are needed. In our review, we will discuss the clinical implications of renal oncocytoma in daily clinical practice with a particular focus on the medical diagnosis and treatment and on the potential of novel promising molecular biomarkers such as circulating microRNAs to distinguish between a benign and a malignant lesion.