Isolated unilateral hypertrophy of the plantar muscle: a case report

Congenital Unilateral Hypertrophy of the Plantar Musculature with Multiple Toe Deformities: A Case Report and Literature Review

Congenital unilateral hypertrophy of the plantar musculature is a rare condition, and to our knowledge, reports of only 14 cases have been previously published. As only one describes a concomitant orthopedic toe deformity, we report our case of abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and abductor digiti minimi muscle hypertrophy in combination with hallux valgus and claw toe deformity as well as a laterally abducted fifth toe. Thus, this report presents the rare case of congenital hypertrophy of the plantar musculature associated with complex toe deformities. Moreover, the present article contains a detailed description of our surgical technique as well as a review of the current literature.

Delayed Soft Tissue Necrosis in an Atypical Closed Calcaneal Fracture: A Case Report

INTRODUCTION

Calcaneal fracture is the most common foot fracture. It occurs due to an axial load and is associated with high morbidity, especially when the articular surface is involved. There are two types of calcaneal fractures: Joint depression type and tongue type. The latter has a high risk of skin necrosis and should be operated on promptly.

CASE REPORT

This is a 37-year-old Bangladeshi man who sustained a comminuted calcaneal fracture and a Lisfranc fracture of the left foot. Initial radiograph showed a joint depression-type fracture, excluding a surgical emergency. Nevertheless, the patient developed skin necrosis over the posterior aspect of the heal that improved after open reduction and internal fixation of the calcaneus. Pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a bony fragment that was displaced posteriorly causing the skin necrosis.

CONCLUSION

X-ray imaging is not sufficient to exclude surgical emergencies with calcaneal fractures. Highly comminuted fractures should be assessed more thoroughly with urgent CT scan.

Hypertrophy of the abductor hallucis muscle: A case report and review of the literature

Objectives:

Muscle hypertrophy is a relatively rare condition that may cause nerve entrapment syndromes. We report the case of a 14-year-old girl with unilateral hypertrophy of the abductor hallucis muscle with entrapment of the medial plantar nerve and review the literature.

Methods:

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed unilateral hypertrophy of the abductor hallucis muscle.

Results:

Two injections of steroid and lidocaine at the point of tenderness resulted in resolution of the pain.

Conclusions:

We report a rare case of hypertrophy of the abductor hallucis muscle considered with entrapment of the medial plantar nerve. Treatment of this condition should be selected according to the pathological condition of each patient.