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Pang Y, Bang JW, Kasi A, Li J, Parra C, Fieremans E, Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Wang M, Chan KC. Contributions of Brain Microstructures and Metabolism to Visual Field Loss Patterns in Glaucoma Using Archetypal and Information Gain Analyses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:15. [PMID: 38975942 PMCID: PMC11232899 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.8.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the contributions of the microstructural and metabolic brain environment to glaucoma and their association with visual field (VF) loss patterns by using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and clinical ophthalmic measures. Methods Sixty-nine glaucoma and healthy subjects underwent dMRI and/or MRS at 3 Tesla. Ophthalmic data were collected from VF perimetry and optical coherence tomography. dMRI parameters of microstructural integrity in the optic radiation and MRS-derived neurochemical levels in the visual cortex were compared among early glaucoma, advanced glaucoma, and healthy controls. Multivariate regression was used to correlate neuroimaging metrics with 16 archetypal VF loss patterns. We also ranked neuroimaging, ophthalmic, and demographic attributes in terms of their information gain to determine their importance to glaucoma. Results In dMRI, decreasing fractional anisotropy, radial kurtosis, and tortuosity and increasing radial diffusivity correlated with greater overall VF loss bilaterally. Regionally, decreasing intra-axonal space and extra-axonal space diffusivities correlated with greater VF loss in the superior-altitudinal area of the right eye and the inferior-altitudinal area of the left eye. In MRS, both early and advanced glaucoma patients had lower gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, and choline levels than healthy controls. GABA appeared to associate more with superonasal VF loss, and glutamate and choline more with inferior VF loss. Choline ranked third for importance to early glaucoma, whereas radial kurtosis and GABA ranked fourth and fifth for advanced glaucoma. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of non-invasive neuroimaging biomarkers and analytical modeling for unveiling glaucomatous neurodegeneration and how they reflect complementary VF loss patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyin Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Ji Won Bang
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Anisha Kasi
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Jeremy Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Carlos Parra
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Els Fieremans
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, United States
| | - Gadi Wollstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, United States
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York, United States
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joel S Schuman
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Drexel University School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Studies, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kevin C Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, United States
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York, United States
- Neuroscience Institute and Tech4Health Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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Wang J, Song F, He X, Bao M. Negligible contribution of adaptation of ocular opponency neurons to the effect of short-term monocular deprivation. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1282113. [PMID: 38274682 PMCID: PMC10809396 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1282113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Modeling work on binocular rivalry has described how ocular opponency neurons represent interocular conflict. These neurons have recently been considered to mediate an ocular dominance shift to the eye that has viewed a backward movie for long during which time the other eye is presented with a regular movie. Unlike typical short-term monocular deprivation, the visual inputs are comparable across eyes in that "dichoptic-backward-movie" paradigm. Therefore, it remains unclear whether the ocular opponency neurons are also responsible for the short-term monocular deprivation effect which is prevalently explained by the homeostatic compensation theory. We designed two experiments from distinct perspectives to investigate this question. Methods In Experiment 1, we mitigated the imbalance in the activity of opponency neurons between the two eyes during monocular deprivation by presenting video stimuli alternately. In Experiment 2, we directly evaluated the response of opponency neurons before and after monocular deprivation using SSVEP techniques. Results Consistent with each other, both experiments failed to provide reliable evidence supporting the involvement of ocular opponency neurons in the short-term monocular deprivation effect. Discussion Our results suggest that ocular opponency neurons may not play an essential role in the short-term monocular deprivation effect, potentially due to interference from the homeostatic plasticity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangxing Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing, China
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Zhou Y, He Y, Feng L, Jia Y, Ye Q, Xu Z, Zhuang Y, Yao Y, Jiang R, Chen X, Pang Y, Yu W, Wen Y, Yuan J, Li J, Liu J. Perceptual Learning Based on the Lateral Masking Paradigm in Anisometropic Amblyopia With or Without a Patching History. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:16. [PMID: 38236190 PMCID: PMC10807491 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Perceptual learning (PL) has shown promising performance in restoring visual function in adolescent amblyopes. We retrospectively compared the effect of a well-accepted PL paradigm on patients with anisometropic amblyopia with or without a patching therapy history (patching therapy [PT] group versus no patching therapy [NPT] group). Methods Eighteen PT and 13 NPT patients with anisometropic amblyopia underwent monocular PL for 3 months. During training, patients practiced a Gabor detection task following the lateral masking paradigm by applying a temporal two-alternative forced choice procedure with the amblyopic eye. Monocular contrast sensitivity functions (CSF), visual acuity, interocular differences in visual function metrics, and stereoacuity were compared before and after training. Results PL improved the visual acuity of the amblyopia eyes by 0.5 lines on average in the PT group and 1.5 lines in the NPT group. A significant reduction in the interocular difference in visual acuity was observed in the NPT group (P < 0.01) but not in the PT group (P = 0.05). Regarding CSF metrics, the area under the log CSF and cutoff in the amblyopic eyes of the NPT groups increased after training (P < 0.05). In addition, the interocular differences of the CSF metrics (P < 0.05) in the NPT group were significantly reduced. However, in the PT group, all the CSF metrics were unchanged after training. A total of 27 of 31 patients in both groups had no measurable stereopsis pretraining, and recovery after training was not significant. Conclusions PL based on a lateral masking training paradigm improved visual function in anisometropic amblyopia. Patients without a patching history achieved greater benefits. Translational Relevance PL based on a lateral masking training paradigm could be a new treatment for amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunsi He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijing Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rengang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangfei Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junpeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen X, Bobier W, Thompson B. Short-term ocular dominance plasticity is not modulated by visual cortex tDCS but increases with length of monocular deprivation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6666. [PMID: 37095131 PMCID: PMC10126033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the occipital lobe may modulate visual cortex neuroplasticity. We assessed the acute effect of visual cortex anodal (a-)tDCS on ocular dominance plasticity induced by short-term monocular deprivation (MD), a well-established technique for inducing homeostatic plasticity in the visual system. In Experiment 1, active or sham visual cortex tDCS was applied during the last 20 min of 2-h MD following a within-subjects design (n = 17). Ocular dominance was measured using two computerized tests. The magnitude of ocular dominance plasticity was unaffected by a-tDCS. In Experiment 2 (n = 9), we investigated whether a ceiling effect of MD was masking the effect of active tDCS. We replicated Experiment 1 but used only 30 min of MD. The magnitude of ocular dominance plasticity was decreased with the shorter intervention, but there was still no effect of active a-tDCS. Within the constraints of our experimental design and a-tDCS parameters, visual cortex a-tDCS did not modulate the homeostatic mechanisms that drive ocular dominance plasticity in participants with normal binocular vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Chen
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - William Bobier
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research, 17W Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Aerobic Exercise and Human Visual Cortex Neuroplasticity: A Narrative Review. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:6771999. [PMID: 35915651 PMCID: PMC9338869 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6771999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence from animal models that physical exercise can enhance visual cortex neuroplasticity. In this narrative review, we explored whether exercise has the same effect in humans. We found that while some studies report evidence consistent with exercise-induced enhancement of human visual cortex neuroplasticity, others report no effect or even reduced neuroplasticity following exercise. Differences in study methodology may partially explain these varying results. Because the prospect of exercise increasing human visual cortex neuroplasticity has important implications for vision rehabilitation, additional research is required to resolve this discrepancy in the literature.
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