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Sampath V, Horesh N, Sasi B, Zannadeh H, Pogodin I, Singh SV, Deutsch J, Lichtstein D. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Bufalin Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074007. [PMID: 35409366 PMCID: PMC8999407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bufalin and other cardiac steroids (CS) have been used for centuries for the treatment of congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and other maladies. However, toxicity and the small therapeutic window of this family of steroids limit their use. Therefore, attempts to synthesize a potent, but less toxic, CS are of major importance. In the present study, two novel bufalin derivatives were synthesized and some of their pharmacological properties were characterized. The reaction of bufalin with Ishikawa's reagent resulted in the production of two novel bufalin derivatives: bufalin 2,3-ene and bufalin 3,4-ene. The compounds were purified with TLC and HPLC and their structure was verified with UV, NMR, and MS analyses. The biological activities of these compounds were evaluated by testing their ability to inhibit the Na+, K+-ATPase activity of the brain microsomal fraction to induce cytotoxic activity against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel and non-cancer human cells, and to increase the force of contraction of quail embryonic heart muscle cells in culture. The two steroids exhibited biological activities similar to those of other CS in the tested experimental systems, but with reduced cytotoxicity, advocating their development as drugs for the treatment of heart failure and arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- VishnuPriya Sampath
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (V.S.); (N.H.); (B.S.); (H.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Noa Horesh
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (V.S.); (N.H.); (B.S.); (H.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Ben Sasi
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (V.S.); (N.H.); (B.S.); (H.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Hiba Zannadeh
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (V.S.); (N.H.); (B.S.); (H.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Ilana Pogodin
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (V.S.); (N.H.); (B.S.); (H.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Shiv Vardan Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India;
| | - Joseph Deutsch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (D.L.)
| | - David Lichtstein
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (V.S.); (N.H.); (B.S.); (H.Z.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (D.L.)
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Dimitriadi A, Papaefthimiou C, Genizegkini E, Sampsonidis I, Kalogiannis S, Feidantsis K, Bobori DC, Kastrinaki G, Koumoundouros G, Lambropoulou DA, Kyzas GZ, Bikiaris DN. Adverse effects polystyrene microplastics exert on zebrafish heart - Molecular to individual level. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125969. [PMID: 34492880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the effects of sublethal concentrations of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on zebrafish were evaluated at multiple levels, related to fish activity and oxidative stress, metabolic changes and contraction parameters in the heart tissue. Zebrafish were fed for 21 days food enriched with PS-MPs (particle sizes 3-12 µm) and a battery of stress indices like DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, autophagy, ubiquitin levels, caspases activation, metabolite adjustments, frequency and force of ventricular contraction were measured in fish heart, parallel to fish swimming velocity. In particular, exposure to PS-MPs caused significant decrease in heart function and swimming competence, while enhanced levels of oxidative stress indices and metabolic adjustments were observed in the heart of challenged species. Among stress indices, DNA damage was more vulnerable to the effect of PS-MPs. Our results provide evidence on the multiplicity of the PS-MPs effects on cellular function, physiology and metabolic pathways and heart rate of adult fish and subsequent effects on fish activity and fish fitness thus enlightening MPs characterization as a potent environmental pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chrisovalantis Papaefthimiou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Genizegkini
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Sampsonidis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, GR-574 00 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Kalogiannis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, GR-574 00 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra C Bobori
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | - Dimitra A Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, Kavala GR-654 04, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Packer M. Longevity genes, cardiac ageing, and the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy: implications for understanding the effects of current and future treatments for heart failure. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:3856-3861. [PMID: 32460327 PMCID: PMC7599035 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The two primary molecular regulators of lifespan are sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Each plays a central role in two highly interconnected pathways that modulate the balance between cellular growth and survival. The activation of SIRT1 [along with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)] and the suppression of mTORC1 (along with its upstream regulator, Akt) act to prolong organismal longevity and retard cardiac ageing. Both activation of SIRT1/PGC-1α and inhibition of mTORC1 shifts the balance of cellular priorities so as to promote cardiomyocyte survival over growth, leading to cardioprotective effects in experimental models. These benefits may be related to direct actions to modulate oxidative stress, organellar function, proinflammatory pathways, and maladaptive hypertrophy. In addition, a primary shared benefit of both SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK activation and Akt/mTORC1 inhibition is the enhancement of autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradative pathway, which clears the cytosol of dysfunctional organelles and misfolded proteins that drive the ageing process by increasing oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Autophagy underlies the ability of SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK activation and Akt/mTORC1 suppression to extend lifespan, mitigate cardiac ageing, alleviate cellular stress, and ameliorate the development and progression of cardiomyopathy; silencing of autophagy genes abolishes these benefits. Loss of SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK function or hyperactivation of Akt/mTORC1 is a consistent feature of experimental cardiomyopathy, and reversal of these abnormalities mitigates the development of heart failure. Interestingly, most treatments that have been shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of chronic heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction have been reported experimentally to exert favourable effects to activate SIRT1/PGC-1α/AMPK and/or suppress Akt/mTORC1, and thereby, to promote autophagic flux. Therefore, the impairment of autophagy resulting from derangements in longevity gene signalling is likely to represent a seminal event in the evolution and progression of cardiomyopathy. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, 621 N. Hall Street, Dallas, TX 75226, USA.,Imperial College, London, UK
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Simonini M, Casanova P, Citterio L, Messaggio E, Lanzani C, Manunta P. Reply: "Comment on: Endogenous Ouabain and Related Genes in the Translation from Hypertension to Renal Diseases". Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030542. [PMID: 30696018 PMCID: PMC6387140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Simonini
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Casanova
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorena Citterio
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Messaggio
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Lanzani
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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